Year 8 Revision for the CE examination in June 2015

Transcription

1 Year 8 Revision for the CE examination in June 2015 The Common Entrance Examination in Geography will take place on the morning of Wednesday3rd June It is essential that you are as familiar with the format and content of the examination as you can be. It is impossible to revise everything so you have to be smart identify the key points! You have access to a number of case studies written on A4 paper but you can still break the information down further. Write out key points on revision cards. It is important for you to adopt an effective way to revise which suits you. Given my experience to date, I find that those students using a card system tend to fare better in examinations. This is where the student writes key points/draws diagrams from their notes/textbook onto a small card (size of a postcard) and revises these. By now you will be familiar with the contents of the CE geography curriculum. You have completed a number of CE Trial papers, CE practice papers and CE examination questions. Below you will find a comprehensive list of resources and topics to revise for your CE examination.

2 Your main sources for revision are:- Exercise Books you have information in four exercise books; these include all your work in geography from the beginning of Year 6. You are not expected to know everything in these books read through them but use them as a back up to your main sources of revision the CGP KS3 Revision Guide and your A4 case study notes. There are aspects of the syllabus which are not adequately covered by the Revision Guide you will definitely need to refer to your exercise book in these instances e.g. map of tectonic plate boundaries showing where destructive, constructive and conservative plate boundaries are located - shown well in your exercise book but not in the Revision Guide. Such instances will be highlighted in the topic list below. Be aware that there are topics in your CGP KS3 Revision Guide that do not appear in the CE examination e.g. Farming, Population. Do not revise these topics! Just follow the instructions in this document! Class Folder - this is where you will find extra worksheets, information sheets, completed past papers, practice examination questions and your A4 case study sheets. CGP KS3 Geography Revision Guide. You should all have a department copy - See me if you need to borrow a copy. Case Studies You should have the following A4 case study revision sheets either glued into your exercise books or in your class folder:- Flooding in Bangladesh (RG pages 26 and 27). You will also need to know about the Somerset Flood (case study slides glued into your exercise books remember we did group work on this). Mount St Helens a case study of volcanic activity in a MEDC (More Economically Developed Country i.e. wealthy). The 2004 Asian Tsunami a case study of an earthquake activity in an LEDC (Lower Economically Developed Country i.e. an economically poor country). Weather and Climate an A4 revision sheet on the UK s weather and climate. Nike a case study of a secondary economic activity in an LEDC.

3 Toyota a case study of a secondary economic activity in an MEDC i.e. the UK. The Yorkshire Dales a case study of a managed environment. Please check that you have all of these case study sheets. What do you revise??????? To help you in your revision, I have listed the topics below and provided corresponding page numbers from the CGP KS3 Revision Guide (RG). Some topics are not covered in the Revision Guide; you will find the necessary information in your exercise books. Here is a breakdown of each section of the CE geography paper:- The Common Entrance Examination Paper for geography is divided into three major sections:- Section A Global Location Section B Ordnance Survey Mapwork Section C - Thematic Studies (questions on the topics we have studied)

4 Section A - Global Location You have to revise continents, oceans, countries, cities, rivers, mountain ranges and deserts. This section can be based on either a map of the British Isles, a map of Europe, a map of Asia, a map of Africa, a map of North America, a map of South America or a map of the World. Below is a list of the Global places and features that you may be asked about. You will not be asked to locate anywhere that is not on this list! Study the maps given to you in week 11 of the Spring Term placed in the global location section of your class folder. Major global physical features Continents: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Oceania, Europe, North and South America. Mountain ranges: Alps, Andes, Himalayas, Pyrenees and Rockies. Desert: Sahara Oceans: Arctic, Indian, Atlantic and Pacific. Rivers: Amazon, Mississippi, Nile, Rhine and Yangtze. Other global features Arctic Circle, Antarctic Circle, Equator, International Dateline, North Pole, Prime Meridian, South Pole, Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn British Isles Countries: The countries of the UK and the Republic of Ireland Sea areas: English Channel, Irish Sea and North Sea. Rivers: Severn, Thames, Trent, Clyde and Shannon. Hills: Grampians, Lake District, Pennines and Snowdonia. Major cities: Belfast, Birmingham, Cardiff, Dublin, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Liverpool, London, Manchester and Newcastle. Countries Europe: France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine. Africa: Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa. Americas: Brazil, Canada, Mexico and USA. Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Pakistan, Russia and Saudí Arabia. Oceania: Australia and New Zealand Major cities and city states: Beijing, Berlin, Cairo, Delhi, Los Angeles, Madrid, Mexico City, Moscow, New York, Paris, Rio de Janeiro, Rome, Sydney, Tokyo, Warsaw and Washington DC.

5 Section B - Ordnance Survey Map work You will have to know the following:- 4 and 6 figure grid references (RG page 148). Map Symbols these come with the map! (the key) but it would be useful to know major symbols to speed up answers in the examination. Identify compass directions - 8 point:- Identify simple relief features on a map e.g. a slope, a hill, a valley, a river etc (RG page 149). Work out the straight line distance between two points as well as being able to measure the distance along a winding road, river, railway etc. (use the straight edge of a piece of paper for the latter as we have practiced on several occasions). Work out the range of height between two points on the map using contour lines or spot heights (RG page 149).

6 Describe the land use of a part of the map can be a whole host of things including coniferous/non-coniferous woods, ind est indicating industrial estate, housing, roads/railways, quarry, hotel, caravan and camping etc. Identify reasons for the location of settlements along a flat part of a valley, near a river for water, near woods for fuel (early settlement factors), near roads/railway lines/ports (settlement growth!), nodal points (particularly for Market Towns), away from flooding from a large river. Identify reasons for the location of land use such as industrial estates, airports, sea ports, retail parks, business parks etc. flat land for space and expansion, near urban area for source of labour, not too near an urban area as to cause too much disruption, near transport routes for bringing supplies/raw materials in and transporting finished products to other towns/cities, away from potential flooding of large rivers etc. Identify different types of economic activity on a map e.g. Primary (farm, Quarry, Coalmine, fishing port), Secondary (Industrial Estate, works, mill, etc.) and Tertiary (Hotels, Supermarkets/Retail Parks, Tourist facilities such as camping etc.). Describe the course of a river on a map from the source (where land is higher indicated by tighter contour lines), through the middle stage (where land becomes gentler indicated by wider contour lines) to the final mature stage (where the land is virtually flat indicated by very wide spacing in contour lines on a map). Please note that you may be asked to describe the changing shape of the channel as well as the changing shape of the valley. Identify which way a river is flowing on a map look at spot heights/contour heights along the course of the river; the river will always flow from the higher points towards the lower points. Be able to work out the area of a place/land use such as woods using the scale at the bottom of the OS map extract usually each square on a 1:50,000 map = 1 square Km (1c.m. on the map = 0.5 km on the ground, so 2cm = 1 km on the ground).

7 Section C Thematic Studies Below is a breakdown of the topics that appear in the rest of the paper. You must know all of these. You can find information on all these topics either in your exercise books or in your class folder. I have provided page numbers from the revision guide if you prefer to use this for revision but, remember, your case studies are written out on A4 sheets which will be either be glued into one of your exercise books or found in your class folder. Remember, you are not expected to know every detail! You should revise key points; writing these down on an A5 card will help you break down this information into more manageable chunks for revision (you have practiced doing this in prep). Also, the questions in Section C are focusing more on theory rather than facts about your case studies. You still need to revise the case studies but you must be able to apply what you have learnt. For example, in a recent question about earthquakes, there was a question about the differences in how MEDCs and LEDCs cope with the danger posed by earthquakes. You could apply what you have learned about Mount St. Helens and the Asian Tsunami of 2004 in answering this question. Rivers and Coasts Processes of Weathering - Physical (Freeze/Frost shattering, onionskin), Chemical and Biological weathering (RG pages 14 and 15). Processes of erosion Hydraulic Action, Abrasion, Corrosion and Attrition (RG pages 23 for rivers and 30 for coasts). Processes of Transportation Solution, Suspension, traction, Saltation, swash, backwash and Longshore Drift (EB not in RG). River landforms and processes Waterfall and Meander (RG pages 24 and 25).

8 Coastal Landforms and processes Headlands and Bays, Caves, Arches, Stacks, stumps (make sure you can draw an annotated diagram to show the sequence from cave to stump), Longshore Drift and Spits (RG pages 30-35). Remember! - annotating a diagram means that you have to explain what is going on i.e. the processes such as types of erosion, types of weathering etc. The causes and effects of and responses to a flood the Bangladesh flood of 1998 (RG pages 26 and 27) and the Somerset Floods of 2013/14 (in your EB). Earthquakes and Volcanoes The global distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes. Make sure you know where the Pacific Ring of Fire and Mid-Atlantic Ridge are located! (RG pages 1 and 2 your exercise book is better for this). How to annotate a diagram of a destructive plate boundary, where oceanic and continental plates meet this is very important! (RG page 1 - Also, look at the diagram in your Year 6 exercise book). Volcanoes what happens when volcanoes erupt? (RG page 4). Different types of volcanoes a Shield volcano and a Composite volcano (RG page 4). The internal structure of a volcano layers of ash and lava, main cone, secondary cone, main vent, secondary vent, magma chamber (RG page 4 and exercise book). Earthquakes Focus, Epicentre, seismic waves (RG page 3). Earthquakes Why are earthquakes so destructive? Why are MEDCs better prepared than LEDCs (RG pages 5, 6, 7 and 8). An example both of an earthquake and a volcano to show the nature, causes, environmental and human effects and human responses - one example from an MEDC (Mount St Helens in the USA) and one from an LEDC (The Asian Tsunami of 2004 yes the Tsunami was caused by an earthquake). Information on both are found in your exercise books and on the A4 case study sheets.

9 Weather and Climate The difference between weather and climate (RG top of page 42 and page 45). Microclimates - the influence of aspect, shelter, buildings, surface and natural features in relation to microclimates (RG page 44). Weather Instruments (RG page 45). The Water Cycle - evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, interception, surface run-off, infiltration and throughflow (RG pages 49 and 50). Factors affecting temperature Latitude, Altitude, Distance from the sea, Ocean currents and the prevailing wind (RG page 44). Rainfall relief, convectional, frontal. How to draw or annotate a diagram and explain the formation of different types of rainfall (RG page 46). Causes of temperature and rainfall variation from place to place in the British Isles - the main temperature and rainfall patterns in the British Isles the influence of latitude, altitude, relief, prevailing winds, distance from coast and the impact of the North Atlantic Drift (A4 Revision Sheet on Britain s Weather and Climate). Economic Geography Employment structure make sure you know what Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary activities are and how to spot these on an OS map (RG pages 88 and 89). The differences between employment structures in MEDCs - More Economically Developed Countries - and LEDCs Less Economically Developed Countries (only in your exercise book). Changes in employment structures over time (RG pages 91 and 92 and exercise book).

10 Case study of an economic activity in an LEDC Nike in Indonesia (A4 case study sheet). Make sure you know what advantages and disadvantages the company brings to Indonesia as well as to the USA. Reasons for the location of an industry (RG pages 90 and 91; spidegram in exercise book). Globalisation (Exercise book). Case Study of an economic activity in an MEDC The Toyota car plant in Derby (A4 case study notes/notes in exercise book). VERY IMPORTANT!!!!!!!! Make sure you know what the Inputs, throughputs (processes) and outputs are for both companies. Environmental Issues The purpose of National Parks in Britain (RG pages 124 and 125). Reasons why green spaces and countryside areas should be preserved. (Exercise book). You must understand what is meant by Sustainable Development and Stewardship (RG pages 114 and 115). Case study Sustainable Development in the Yorkshire Dales National Park (A4 case study sheet). You must know the various ways the National Park is being MANAGED and be able to describe some of the PROBLEMS which management brings to the area. Make sure you do as many practice examination questions as you can between now and the CE examination on the 3 rd June A final note Examinations are important and people get nervous. The best way to approach examinations is to be well prepared. Your responses to questions will be more effective if you are relaxed and confident in your preparation. GOOD LUCK!