C e n t ral Indiana Growing Faster Than Rest of the State

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1 C E N T R A L I N D I A N A U N D E R S T A N D I N G T H E R E G I O N A N D I D E N T I F Y I N G C H O I C E S CENTER FOR URBAN POLICY AND THE ENVIRONMENT MAY 2001 C e n t ral Indiana Growing Faster Than Rest of the State Data from the U.S. Census Bureau s 1980, 1990, and recently released 2000 Decennial Censuses indicate that population growth in Central Indiana has outpaced the growth of the rest of the state. The number of persons residing in Central Indiana has grown from nearly 2.7 million (49 percent of the state) in 1980 to just over 3 million (50 percent of the state) in 2000, a growth of over 300,000 residents. The 13.3 percent population increase in the region over the 16.0% 14.0% 12.0% 10.0% 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Figure 1: Population Growth in Central Indiana Relative to Rest of State 1.7% 0.3% Central Indiana 11.4% past 20 years is 5 percent higher than the rest of Indiana (see Figure 1). During the same period, the state of Indiana, as a whole, experienced population 8.0% 13.3% Rest of Indiana 8.3% growth (10.8 percent) at less than half the average growth rate of the 50 states and the District of Columbia (24.8 percent). Most of the Central Indiana growth occurred between 1990 and 2000 when Central Indiana grew by 312,000 residents and the rest of Indiana grew by only 224,000.

2 Counties Maintain Population Dominance Total population reported in 2000, as in past censuses, shows the counties with the largest populations in the Central Indiana region are in the s. Figure 2 shows that 14 of the 18 counties are among the top 20 counties in regard to total population. All six of the core counties are among the top 10 highest-populated counties. Marion County has the highest population by a substantial margin at over 860,000 people (28.2 percent of the total region). However, Hamilton County leads the region when measured by share of growth. 2 HAMILTON TIPPECANOE MADISON DELAWARE VIGO HENDRICKS HOWARD WAYNE MORGAN HENRY BOONE SHELBY JACKSON CASS MIAMI PUTNAM CLINTON GREENE RANDOLPH CLAY FAYETTE DECATUR CARROLL ORANGE RUSH FOUNTAIN VERMILLION TIPTON BENTON WARREN UNION Figure 2: Total Population by County (2000) 25,588 25,267 24,555 21,786 21,751 20,165 19,306 18,261 17,954 17,241 16,788 16,577 14,957 9,421 8,419 7,349 48,508 46,107 45,922 43,445 41,335 40,930 37,629 36,082 36,019 33,866 33,157 27,554 27,401 26,556 71,435 71,097 66,689 55, , ,093 84, , , , , , ,740 Map 1: Total Population by County (2000) 860,454 CORE * CORE NON- NON- * See page 5 for explanation of geographic boundaries Boundaries POPULATION BY COUNTY 7,300 75,000 75, , , , , , , , , , , , ,000 1,000,000

3 Population Growth in Non-Core Counties Shows Increasing Decentralization From Largest Urban Core Figure 3 illustrates the amount of growth in population from 1990 to Only six Central Indiana counties lost population over the past decade. Two of the counties losing population are core counties. However, generally, counties experienced the most growth over the past 10 years. Nine of the top 10 counties are counties. Since 1990, the greatest amount of growth occurred in Hamilton County by a margin of 10,509 more people than the next highest county, Marion County. Map 2 shows that many of the high growth areas are located within the Indianapolis. HAMILTON HENDRICKS TIPPECANOE MORGAN BOONE PUTNAM HOWARD JACKSON SHELBY CLINTON GREENE MADISON MADISON CASS CLAY CARROLL DECATUR DECATUR ORANGE TIPTON UNION UNION HENRY RANDOLPH RANDOLPH WARREN FOUNTAIN FOUNTAIN RUSH VERMILLION VERMILLION 15 BENTON VIGO VIGO FAYETTE MIAMI MIAMI WAYNE DELAWARE DELAWARE Figure 3: Population Change by County ( ) , ,193 3,138 3,086 2,892 2,758 2,747 2,689 2,517 2,002 1,851 1,831 4,505 4,137 3,893 3,605 5,704 7,960 7,778 11,585 10,769 9,864 18,357 28,376 27, , ,000 30, ,000 50, , , , ,295 CORE NON- CORE NON- 73,804 Map 2: Population Change by County ( ) Boundaries CHANGE BY COUNTY ,100 7,101 73,804 3

4 Fastest Growing Counties Include and Non- Counties Figure 4 shows the relative rate of county population growth over the past 10 years. None of the top 10 fastest-growing counties in the region are core counties. Four of the top 10 fastest-growing counties are non- counties. Map 3 shows the spatial distribution of counties experiencing high growth rates (areas that grew faster than the entire region s growth rate of 11.4 percent) between 1990 and This illustration shows that almost all of the fastest-growing counties are the Indianapolis collar counties. Some non- counties also are experiencing higher growth rates. Tippecanoe County was the only core county that experienced a faster growth rate than the entire region. Figure 4: Percent Change by County ( ) HAMILTON HENDRICKS 37.5% 30.8% 26.1% 21.7% BOONE 20.9% MORGAN 19.3% PUTNAM 18.8% 16.5% 14.5% TIPPECANOE 14.1% 12.2% 11.9% 10.6% JACKSON 9.6% CLINTON 9.3% 9.3% GREENE 9.0% 8.6% 7.9% SHELBY 7.8% CLAY 7.5% CARROLL 7.2% 7.2% CASS 6.6% 6.2% UNION 5.3% HOWARD 5.1% ORANGE 4.9% DECATUR 3.8% WARREN 3.0% TIPTON 2.8% MADISON 2.1% RANDOLPH 0.9% FOUNTAIN 0.8% HENRY 0.8% RUSH 0.7% VERMILLION 0.1% BENTON -0.2% -0.2% VIGO -0.2% -0.2% DELAWARE -0.7% WAYNE -1.2% FAYETTE -1.6% MIAMI -2.2% CORE NON- 67.7% CORE NON- Map 3: Percent Change by County ( ) Boundaries PERCENT CHANGE BY COUNT Y % % % -10.0% 0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 4

5 Central Indiana The center analyzes Central Indiana, consisting of 44 counties, as defined by the Bureau of Economic Analysis based on commuting and media patterns (see Central Indiana: Visions of A Region, Center for Urban Policy and the Environment [2000] for a discussion of Central Indiana definitions). An describes a geographic area consisting of a central city with a population of at least 50,000 surrounded by a densely populated area that is socially and economically integrated. The core county of the includes the central city and the non-core counties are all the other counties within the. These non-core counties are included in an if they meet requirements such as population density and minimum urban population. The Central Indiana region includes six s that consist of a total of 18 counties. The other 26 counties in Central Indiana are non- counties. Future Research The growth of the Central Indiana region and the counties within the region raises questions about the implications of population growth in the region. For example, what are the migration patterns to and from as well as within the region? How does the region compare to similar regions across the nation? These research questions will be addressed in future issue briefs. Metropolitan Statistical Areas (s) Core Counties Counties Non- Counties 5

6 Central Indiana s Future: Understanding the Region and Identifying Choices The Center for Urban Policy and the Environment has launched a new research project Central Indiana s Future:Understanding the Region and Identifying Choices funded by an award of general support from the Lilly Endowment.The aim of the project is to increase understanding of the region and to inform decision-makers about the array of options for improving the quality of life for Central Indiana residents.researchers from several universities are working to understand how the broad range of investments made by households, governments, businesses, and nonprofit organizations within the Central Indiana Region contribute to quality of life.the geographic scope of the project includes 44 counties in an integrated economic region identified by the U.S.Bureau of Economic Analysis. The number of people who choose to live in a region has varying impacts on the amount of investment in the area by households as well as by the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. Consequently, changes in the types and amounts of investment impact policy choices. Central Indiana,which is experiencing faster population growth than the rest of the state, perhaps faces greater challenges because of this gr owth.these challenges are shared throughout the region because most of the growth in Central Indiana has occurred within the Indianapolis,but the impact is being felt in other counties as well. The Center for Urban Policy and the Environment is part of the School of Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis.For more information about the Central Indiana Project or the research reported here, contact the center at or visit the center s Web site at Author Seth Payton, policy analyst, Center for Urban Policy and the Environment CENTER FOR URBAN POLICY AND THE ENVIRONMENT 342 North Senate Avenue Indianapolis, IN INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOLOF PUBLICAND ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS INDIANA UNIVERSITY PURDUE UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS 01-C15