Chapter #1 Understanding Matter

Transcription

1 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-1 Chapter #1 Understanding Matter Chapter Overview 1.1 Chemicals All Around Us o Describe the need for safety precautions that should be followed when handling, storing and disposing of substances at home and in the lab o Explain the WHMIS and consumer product symbols for labeling substances 1.2 Describing Matter o Differentiate between physical and chemical properties of matter o Apply the particle model of matter to explain the physical properties of the phases of matter 1.3 Classifying Matter o Describe the importance of mixtures and solutions in household products o Compare and contrast the properties of pure substances and relate this information to practical applications

2 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter Chemicals All Around Us Chemical Storage and Disposal Most chemicals pose a danger if not handled, stored or disposed of correctly. They might be: o (WD40), o (butane - curling irons, lighters), o (lye drain and oven cleaners), o (glycol antifreeze) or o (ammonia and chlorine). Some chemicals are useful because they are dangerous o Examples: 1) 2) Other chemicals become dangerous at high concentration or over long exposure o Example:

3 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-3 Special care is also needed when disposing of chemical substances. o Example: Many products have on them. o Labels give you instructions as to how to o ca n be taken to a municipal collection site. WHMIS, MSDS and HHPS The Workplace Hazardous Materials and System provides information on:

4 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-4 Information is provided in three ways: 1) 2) MSDS 3) Worker this includes students.

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8 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-8 WHMIS Symbols

9 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-9 Chemicals at Home The symbols on the products you use at home are called (HHPS) o They are found on household products that are o The shapes and colours are similar to and imply similar meanings See Figure 1.5 on page 9 of your textbook.

10 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter Assignment: 1) Define each of the following terms. Provide an example of how it might be used in a sentence. WHMIS MSDS HHPS Toxic Corrosive Oxidizing Reactive Biohazardous 2) Answer the Reading Checks found on pages 6 and 9 of the textbook. 3) Complete questions 1 4 of Check Your Understanding on page 9 of the text.

11 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter Describing Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Democritus, a Greek philosopher thought all matter was made up of tiny bits too small to be seen. o He called these tiny bits, after the Greek word for uncuttable. The describes the behavior and nature of atoms in different substances. o A is an explanation of something that has been supported by repeated experiments.

12 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-12 The Particle Theory of Matter All matter is made up of. All particles of a substance are the same. There are between the particles. Particles are always. The particles in a substance are to each other. States of Matter Matter exists in three basic states: o o o

13 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-13 State of Matter Sketch of Particles Description of Particles Solid Liquid Gas Properties of Matter Scientists use a variety of physical and chemical properties to

14 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-14 A describes how an object A tells how a substance will with another. As an example, does it dissolve in water? Physical Properties Chemical Properties

15 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter Assignment: 1) Define each of the following terms. Provide an example of how it might be used in a sentence. Matter Theory Particle theory of matter States of matter Solid Liquid Gas Physical properties Chemical properties 2) Answer the Reading Checks found on pages 11 and 12 of the textbook. 3) Complete questions 1 4 of Check Your Understanding on page 15 of the text.

16 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter Classifying Matter Using the particle theory we can classify substances into two basic categories based on. Matter Pure Substance Mixture substances are made up of only one type of particle. o All parts of the substance are identical. o Examples:

17 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-17 contain more than one type of particle. o In some mixtures the substances that make up the mixture are evident For example o For other substances the components can not be distinguished with the naked eye For example

18 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-18 How do you tell if a substance is pure or a mixture? 1. Examine the substance s. You might be able to tell them apart by,, or. 2. Examine the substance s. Mixtures than the pure substances that make them up. o Pure water freezes at 0ºC at sea level. o Adding salt to ice on a highway, lowers the freezing point of the salt-water mixture to the point that it will not freeze on a typical winter day.

19 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter Assignment: 1) Define each of the following terms. Provide an example of how it might be used in a sentence. Pure substance Mixture 2) In the Science Log section of your notebook answer the Reading Checks found on pages 16 and 17 of the textbook. 3) In the Science Log section of your notebook complete questions 1 4 of Check Your Understanding on page 19 of the text. 4) In preparation for the Chapter #1 Quiz, take time now to work through the review found on page 20 &21 of the text. Omit the Pause and Reflect.

20 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter 1-20 Chapter #1 Assignment Due Tuesday February 5/ Assignment: Define each of the following terms. Provide an example of how it might be used in a sentence. o WHMIS o MSDS o HHPS o Toxic o Corrosive o Oxidizing o Reactive o Biohazardous Answer the Reading Checks found on pages 6 and 9 of the textbook. Complete questions 1 4 of Check Your Understanding on page 9 of the text. 1.2 Assignment: Define each of the following terms. Provide an example of how it might be used in a sentence. o Matter o Theory o Particle theory of matter o States of matter o Solid o Liquid o Gas o Physical properties o Chemical properties Answer the Reading Checks found on pages 11 and 12 of the textbook. Complete questions 1 4 of Check Your Understanding on page 15 of the text.

21 Chapter 1 Understanding Matter Assignment: Define each of the following terms. Provide an example of how it might be used in a sentence. o Pure substance o Mixture In the Science Log section of your notebook answer the Reading Checks found on pages 16 and 17 of the textbook. In the Science Log section of your notebook complete questions 1 4 of Check Your Understanding on page 19 of the text. In preparation for the Chapter #1 Quiz, take time now to work through the review found on page 20 &21 of the text. Omit the Pause and Reflect.