PRODUCTS FOR EDUCATION AND TRAINING
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1 PRODUCTS FOR EDUCATION AND TRAINING This section gives detailed information about products to support training in radiation protection, applications of radioactivity and handling radioactive materials. The demonstration set AktivLab can be used to show the basic properties of radioactivity. Alpha, beta and gamma sources have been also specifically designed for demonstration purposes during training sessions. AktivLab - Basic training on radioactivity 126 Cs-137/Ba-137m isotope generator 128 Demonstration sources 129
2 8.1 AktivLab - Demonstration set for experiments on radioactivity AktivLab contains everything needed to carry out experiments to demonstrate the fundamental properties of radioactivity. The kit includes detailed descriptions of experiments which are suitable for physics courses and for training professional health physicists. The radioactive source used is a radionuclide generator, similar in principle to generators used in nuclear medicine. Experiments that are performed with AktivLab include: Measuring the half life of Ba-137m The absorption of gamma rays in lead The inverse square law Estimating the activity of a radioactive source The statistics of radioactive decay Measuring the plateau of a detector Technical description AktivLab comprises Isotrak ratemeter 2 1 Geiger-Müller tube 3 1 Optical bench with holders 4 1 Cs-137/Ba-137m isotope generator (see page 136) 5 1 Flask with eluting solution for generator 6 Vials for the generator eluate 7 1 Jig for the vials 8 1 Set of lead and aluminium absorbers 9 1 Flask of potassium chloride (K-40) 10 1 Holder for demonstration sources (see also pages 137, 138) 8 Storage case with booklet of experiments and handling instructions 126
3 8.1 AktivLab - Demonstration set for experiments on radioactivity Isotrak ratemeter Power supply Selectable count times Counter tube voltage range Display Memory Dimensions Output 9V battery or mains adaptor 1s, 10s, 60s, 100s and continuous V 4 digit LCD up to 50 counting results 220 x 108 x 60mm RS 232 interface The ratemeter can be operated under computer control via the RS 232 interface. Geiger-Müller tube Radiations detected alpha, beta and gamma Window thickness mg/cm 2 Effective window diameter 9mm Ordering information AktivLab (ratemeter with RS232 interface) CDRB
4 8.2 Cs-137/Ba-137m isotope generator The Eckert & Ziegler Nuclitec Cs-137/Ba-137m Isotope generator has been specifically designed for use in experiments in schools, universities and trainings centres to demonstrate the properties of radioactivity including half life. 30mm 137 Cs (30.1 y) y) bß MeV(94.6 (94.6%) bß MeV(5.4 (5.4%) %) 137m Ba BA (2.6 min) Ø 40mm g MeV(85 (85%) % 137 BA Ba (stable) Technical description The Isotope generator (Drawing VZ-1390 License number 1) Nds 151/90) can be eluted up to 1,000 times to produce small /aliquots of a short lived radioactive solution. A flask containing 250ml of the necessary eluting solution is supplied with each generator, and the eluting solution is also available separately. The generator contains 33kBq or 370kBq of Cs-137 as the long-lived parent nuclide (half life 30.1 years). The decay scheme of Cs-137 is shown above. Ordering information Radionuclide/Product Nominal activity Product code Cs kbq CDRB5215 Cs kbq CDRB1385 Eluting solution 250ml inactive NQB1948 (0.9% NaCl) 1) The design of this source has been tested by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and has been approved by the German authorities. 128
5 8.3 Demonstration sources A set of easy-to-handle sources of different radionuclides is available for further experiments on radioactivity. The design of the sources and their activities have been selected to permit effective experiments while minimising the potential hazard. 1) 8 Ø 12 Activity 85 Ordering information - Source sets Construction The radioactive substance is housed in a recess in an aluminium holder 85mm long and 12mm in diameter. The activity is either sealed in a stainless steel capsule (Cs-137, Co-60), incorporated in a metal foil (Sr-90, Am-241) or fixed on a disc (Na-22). The mixed source consists of a stainless steel capsule containing Cs-137, in front of which foils incorporating Sr-90 and Am-241 are placed. For reference the construction of the sources is shown in drawing VZ Radionuclide Nominal Product code activity Set 1 Am-241 Co-60 Na-22 Sr-90 Set 2 Am-241 Co-60 Na-22 Sr-90 Cs-137 Set 3 Am-241 Co-60 Na-22 Sr-90 Mixed nuclide source Am-241,Sr-90, Cs kbq QCRB8149 QCRB7471 QCRB8150 1) The design of these sources has been tested by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and has been approved by the German authorities ( Licence Nds 002/99). 129
6 8.3 Demonstration sources Ordering information - Single sources all Radionuclide Nominal License 1) Product code activity Am-241 Nds 002/99 AMRB8151 Cs-137 Nds 002/99 CDRB kbq Nds 155/78 CDR82902 Co kbq CKRB8153 Nds 002/99 CKRB8151 Na-22 Nds 002/99 SKRB8151 Sr-90 Nds 002/99 SIRB8151 Mixed nuclide source Nds 002/99 QCRB7472 Am kbq Sr kbq Cs kbq 1) The design of these sources has been tested by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and has been approved by the German authorities. 130
7 8.4 Marinelli beaker Ø 146 Samples measured by environmental monitoring laboratories usually contain very low levels of radioactivity. Marinelli beakers are used for large volume samples, for example, water samples, so that the sample is placed as close as possible to the detector for maximum sensitivity. This source can be used to calibrate a gamma-ray spectrometer. Empty beakers are also available Inactiv plasti plastic Active Active plastic bore diameter 77 or 85 Ø 132 Bore diameter VZ mm Technical description The Marinelli beaker is constructed from polypropylene and is resistant to acids and most organic solvents. The radioactive material is homogeneously incorporated in a special water-equivalent plastic matrix. The matrix density is 1g/cm 3. The bore diameter is 77mm. ISO classification C Drawing: VZ-1262 Ordering information Radionuclide/Product Nominal activity License 1) Product code Cs kbq Nds 152/96 CDRB5072 Empty beakers 2) inactive NQ7013 1) The design of these sources has been tested by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and has been approved by the German authorities. 2) The minimum order quantity is 30 empty beakers. 131
8 8.5 Point radium source Ra-226 emits a wide range of gamma-rays from 53keV to 2.2MeV, and has a long half life (1600 years). This is a useful, general purpose, demonstration source for gamma-ray spectrometers and gamma counters. Ø 25 6 Activity Construction The Ra-226 activity is incorporated in a ceramic pellet which is encapsulated in glass. The glass capsule is mounted into an plastic disc. The Ra-226 is in radioactive equilibrium with its radioactive decay products. ISO classification C Drawing: VZ-590 Ordering information Radionuclide Nominal activity Product code Ra kbq RARB
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