Value-Chain Value Distribution in Service Outsourcing in the Manufacturing Industry

Transcription

1 Valu-Chain Valu Ditibution in Svic Outoucing in th Manufactuing Induty Tao Jing Economic Dpatmnt, Ningbo Univity Zhjiang Ningbo, China Abtact Thi pap dicu th poblm in vic valu dtmination in taditional manufactuing, and tudi valu achivmnt mthod by tablihing nw valu-chain tuctu of manufactuing vic valu, and th lation btwn cation and ditibution. It adopt gam thoy a ach bai, to dduc th picing mchanim of intmdiat poduct in th upply chain. Fit, though two-pha dynamic gam poc, w tudy th picing poc of intmdiat poduct in induty valuchain. Th non-coopativ gam poc of poduct picing i alo dicud. Thn w dtmin th pic ang und bilatal dynamic thoy, and th influnc on pofit ditibution of th gam qunc. Th pic ocillation convgnc to intmdiat valu i povd and quilibium olution of th valu ditibution in th induty valu chain i popod. Finally mpiical analyi i povidd to vify th influnc mchanim fo valu cation bad on vic modulaization of valu-chain. Kywod-valu-chain; intmdiat poduct; uppli; downtam ntpi; gam thoy. I. INTRODUCTION Fom 980, though gaping intnational tanfing oppotunity of multinational copoation in poduction ytm, ou national manufactuing induty dpndd on compaativ advantag to undtak lot of manufactuing outoucing buin. Thu, mad in China ha bn fahionabl in th wold. In addition, China i famou fo wold factoy. Svic outoucing ha bcom anoth ach focu aft manufactuing outoucing []. Howv, cunt thoi which a adaptd to vic outoucing a vy fw. Global valu chain thoy i th thotical tool to tudy manufactuing outoucing. In viw of diffnc btwn manufactuing outoucing and vic outoucing, global valu chain thoy cannot b totally applid in th manufactuing vic outoucing fild. Bug [] bliv that pu ntity poduction-typ manufactuing ha not adaptd to quimnt in iing makt dvlopmnt and put fowad vic nhancing-typ manufactuing dfinition. Thy point that manufactuing will b dividd into two pu vic and olution uppli und xtm condition but vic copoation will gadually adopt manufactuing nhanc-typ vic tatgy in nw nvionmnt. Sun [3] put fowad vic-typ manufactuing viwpoint and bliv that nwly indutial fom intgation of manufactuing induty and vic induty contuct a cativly advancd manufactuing mod: vic-typ manufactu. It fu poduct and vic to aliz intgation and coopation of individually cattd manufactuing ouc and co comptitivn capability. Howv, by coodination btwn poductiv vic and vic poduction btwn copoation, valu addition of vaiou takhold in manufactuing valu chain will finally b achd. Though dfining connotation and xtnion of vic concpt, Liu [4] conid that manufactuing vicing i an xtnion in induty valu chain. Howv, mot givn ach only focu on concpt ufac, th alo lack dp lvl and application lvl in ach achivmnt. It ha not fomd complt analyi famwok of opating and managing vic oganization modulaization and it vn do not analyz ky poblm in vic modul opation of vic valu cation and valu addition in dtail. Thi pap attmpt to ly on global valu chain thoy, intoducing vic outoucing valu chain concpt, and analyzing intnational tanfing law in vic induty, o that ou national vic copoation could b involvd in global vic induty diviion and t up it comptitiv advantag in global vic ntwok to off om bnficial thought. W tudy th unifid tatgy of indutial valu chain fom valu ditibution and valu cation and intoduc a gnalizd two-tag gam poc-bad mixd gam modl. A a kind of application, thi pap tudi poduction valu chain lationhip btwn valu cation and ditibution fom uppli and manufactu. II. VALUE CHAIN CHANGE ANALYSIS DURING MANUFACTURING SERVICETIZATION A. Envionmntal Cai-bad Coopativ Dvlopmnt Evaluation Modl Baic activiti and uppot activiti mak up taditionally manufactuing valu chain togth. Poduction opation, logitic tanpotation, makting managmnt and aft-al vic a uually gadd a baic activiti in valu chain whil uppot activiti tak pucha input, tchnological dvlopmnt and human ouc managmnt a main contnt. Pott viwpoint [5] bliv that taditional valu chain tak ingl manufactuing a valu chain of vaiou valu activiti in co analyi copoation, which i hown a figu. DOI 0.503/IJSSST.a ISSN: x onlin, pint

2 Figu. Baic Contitution of Taditional Manufactuing Valu Chain Th valu chain of manufactuing induty i uually mad up by th tp including uptam, middl ach and downtam. Uptam tp contain tchnological dvlopmnt, human ouc and puchaing managmnt. Poductiv opation i middl ach and downtam tp i mad up by logitic tanpotation, makting managmnt and aft al vic [6,7]. On manufactuing i pfomd vaiou activiti t including poduct dvlopmnt, poduction manufactu, makting managmnt, tanpotation and maintaining poduct in uptam, middl ach and downtam. Thi i uually calld taditional valu chain and it involv baic activity and uppot activity. Du to iing makt comptition, poduction manufactu l and l influnc copoation comptitivn advantag but poductiv vic activiti at uptam, middl ach and downtam a mo fqunt. Poductiv vic activity alo bcom impotant incmnt nod in manufactuing induty. B. Svictization Valu Chain Stuctu in Manufactuing Induty With tanfomation and upgading in manufactuing induty, contant hift in victization of copoation pomot latd activiti of victization in manufactuing induty to bcom th co of copoation comptition advantag. Figu how that tuctu modl of victization valu chain in manufactuing induty and vic activity in uptam, middl ach and downtam [8]. Manufactuing vic valu chain i a ytm tuctu which i alizd by valu in nc. By man of co ability, manufactuing i idntifid a cutom offd co poduct and latd vic activity. Though outoucing non-co ability, vic can b outoucd to adaptiv poduction vic copoation in compani o a to povid vic fo cutom in lif cycl of poduct. Compad to taditional manufactuing valu chain, valu chain chang of victization in manufactuing induty i flctd in th whol lif cycl at uptam, middl ach and downtam: Uptam tag: it contain main buin activiti uch a quimnt analyi, nw poduct dvlopmnt and poduct dign. Cunt knowldg tchnology intnivly poductiv victization occupi makt ha. In addition, it alo dvlop aiming vic in ik invtmnt and financial vic. Midtam tag: with poduction, modification, poduct ambling, tc, it involv pucha, ba toag, aw matial and quality contol of oth activiti. Midtam activity i uually calld th poc fom aw matial poc to at poduct. Mo and mo manufactuing compani low invt cot and impov co comptitivn though outoucing poduction activiti. Downtam tag: it contain poduct al, maintnanc, tc and involv poduct makting, advtimnt, aft-al vic, maintnanc, poduct cycl, tc. Many manufactuing waant poduct al, aft al vic and poduct pai to individual al clint and fully tak advantag ouc optimization ambly to impov comptitivn. In addition, infomation managmnt, financ, human ouc a fully concntating whol lif cycl of poduct duing uptam, middl ach and downtam. Compad to taditional valu chain, manufactuing induty victization ffctivly lat all lvant copoation on a unifid platfom bad on valu nt which i fomd in victization of manufactuing. It fully atifi cutom quimnt o a to impov fficincy in manufactuing and futh inca copoation valu [9]. Figu. Svic valu chain and vic activiti of Manufactuing III. VALUE RALATION STUDY OF MANUFACTURING SERVICE VALUE-CHAIN BASED ON GAME THEORY A. Pincipl Aumption of Modl In conidation of vic uppli poviding vic to downtam ntpi, w aum vic poduct pic a P, upply quantity a Q, and cot a C. Th th valu acquid fm vic by uppli i: v PQ C ( Q) () Total valu bought to downtam of vic poduct i V V( Q), and incmntal vic valu of downtam ntpi i: DOI 0.503/IJSSST.a ISSN: x onlin, pint

3 v V( Q) P( Q) () Incmntal vic valu of co-opation i: v v v V( Q) C ( Q) (3) Auming th cont function povidd by vic uppli and vic valu function of downtam ntpi i mutual connu, w hav th following popoition: Popoition : If both uppli and downtam ntpi cannot dtmin th pic of poduct, which choo quantity to maximiz thi valu. Both id play gam to gt a maximum balanc of common valu. Poof: Svic uppli choo Q to maximz it povit a v. Th optimal on-od condition i: P # MC ( Q) (4) MC ( ) Q i maginal cot of uppli. Th downtam ntpi dtmin th maximum valu v. Th optimal on-od i acquid by quation 5: # P MV( Q) (5) MV( Q ) i total maginal cot. Gam quilibium # olution Q can b obtaind by imultanou quation: # # MV ( Q ) MC ( Q ) 0 (6) Equation 6 i jut th condition of quation 3. Thfo, # Q mak th maximum incmnt of total ivic valu catd by both id.du to popoition, if both id hav not dciion ight, thy will choo th maximizd vic quantity of lf valu. Thn gam quilibium can gt th maximum valu and accodanc of lf and total valu. B. Svic Poduct Pic Dtmination of Diffnt Gam In uppli ointd valu chain, w fit dtmin th wholal pic w. Thn downtam ntpi dtmin tail pic p and quantity Q accodint to w. Whn Q a bp, th pofit of uppli and downtam ntpi i: ( wc) Q ( wc)( abp) (7) ( pw) Q ( pw)( abp) (8) Popoition : In uppli ointd valu chain, th optimal dciion of uppli and downtam ntpi i: * a * 3a * a w, p, Q b 4 Poof: Inv puh mthod i adoptd. Fit th dciion of downtam ntpi i conidd. Sinc d d a abp bw, b 0 dp dp (9) W dtmin i concav function fo p. Thn th d * optimal p atifi 0. Aft th olution w gt dp * a bw p (0) b Abov quation i ubtitutd into Q a bp to gt th optimal od quantity a * a bw Q () So it can b n that, whn wholal pic i known, w can mak optimal dciion without knowing th cot c of uppli. Whn coniding th dciion of uppli, und optimal dcion of downtam ntpi, th pofit function of uppli i: ( wc)( abw) ( wc) Q () Sinc d abw d, b 0 dw d w (3) d W olut 0 dw to gt th optimal lution of uppli a: * a w (4) b At lat, w ubtitut quation 4 to 0 and to gt concluion of popoition. In downtam ntpi ointd valu-chain, downtam ntpi announc it maginal pofit fo domination. Th qunc of downtam ntpi and uppli i: fit downtam ntpi dtmin th maginal pofit U. Thn uppli dtmin wholal pic w accoding to U. At lat tali dtmin tail pic p and quantity Q. Whn Q a bp, p w U, th pofit of both i: ( wc) Q ( wc)( ab( wu )) (5) UQ U( abw ( U) (6) Popoition 3: In downtam ntpi ointd valuchain, th optimal dciion of uppli and downtam ntpi i: * a 3 * a * 3a * a w, U, p, Q b 4 Poof: Inv puh mthod i adoptd. Fit th dciion of uppli who ha known th maginal pofit of downtam ntpi i conidd. Sinc d a bw bu dw, d b (7) dw DOI 0.503/IJSSST.a ISSN: x onlin, pint

4 W know i concav function of w. So it d optimal olution atifi 0 dw. W gt th olution a * ( abu ) w (8) Und th optimal dciion of uppli, th pofit function of downtam ntpi i U ( a bu ) d abu d Sinc and du du b, w know i concav function of U. Thn th optimal d olution atifi 0 du. So U * a (9) b * a Finally w ubtitut U to quation 8 to gt b * a 3 w (0) Subtitut quation 9 and 0 to Q a bp, * 3a * a p w U, to gt p, Q and 4 popoition 3 i povd. By analyi w know, in downtam ntpi ointd valu-chain, downtam ntpi mak dcion fit and a th optimal maginal pofit i. Th mot impotant b paamt i uppli cot c. Th downtam ntpi cab dtmin th optimal maginal pofit only whn c i known. So w obtain th pic of intmdiat poduct fom diffnt gam qunc and compa it to th whol optimal pic. Th pic dcidd by uppli i alway high than th whol optimal poduct pic, and pic dcidd by downtam ntpi i alway low than th whol optimal poduct pic: P P P Thu, w gt th pic ang of intmdiat poduct P. Whn bilatal cot function and makt dmand function a public infomation that i known by both id, th uptam and down tam ntpi will mak ngotiation in th pic ang. Fom th qunc of gam, th on who play gam will gt mo pofit than th on li in lagging poition of gam. It alo vifi th advantag of fit mov in bhavio. Fom th dciion of pic, w find th on who ha dciion on intmdiat poduct pic, will gt mo pofit, inc it foc th oppoit to accpt th poduct pic and choo optimal quantity. Simultanouly, it illutat that th intmdiat poduct pic ha ky function on pofit ditibution fo uptam and downtam ntpi. Actually, in th lation of valu-chain, pic dciion ight i tong ight, which dtmin th pic of intmdiat poduct duing th poc of mutual bagaining. C. Gam Thoy-bad Valu Rlation Study in Manufactuing Svic Valu Chain W conid that uppli and downtam ntpi mak up a impl uptam and downtam upply lationhip to fom poviding chain. Poviding company off downtam copoation poduct. Suppoing poduction of upply chain in uptam and downtam copoation, two copoation in upply chain a indpndnt copoation and th xit tatgic patn lationhip btwn copoation. Th optimizd poduction of pofit dtmin upply chain poduction. Th xit two condition: () Uptam uppli ha pic hgmony and poduction flction function in downtam copoation dtmin upply-chain match poduction. () Downtam copoation ha pic hgmony and poduction flction function of uptam uppli dtmin upply chain match poduction. It i povd that th xit pic ang [ p, p ], which pctivly dnot two xtm ca of uptam uppli and downtam ntpi owing pic monopoly ight. Th pic of intmdiat mut b in thi ang, a dpictd in figu 3. Figu 3. Pic ang of intmdiat poduct of bilatal monopoly pic If both id hav not pic monopoly, it i a mutual dynamic bagaining poc. Thn th valu-chain li btwn dynamic ocillation of two monopoly picing of [ p, p ]. In dynamic picing ytm, both id hav no pic dciion, but thy all hav th ight to dcid thi own optimal output accoding to th pic of th intmdiat poduct, that i, th pic of th action function [0]. But DOI 0.503/IJSSST.a ISSN: x onlin, pint

5 to upply both id, in th pic ang givn by intmdiat poduct a a pic, both id can't alo mak poduction accoding to thi own optimal yild poduction. If it i likly to cau th upply chain uptam and downtam poduction that do not match, w aum that th uptam and downtam ntpi of th output a matchd. So w divid th upply into th fomula of pic and output, and divid th dynamic pic of th intmdiat poduct into two poc, accoding to th pic poduction and output matching: pic adjutmnt poc and an intmdiat poduct pic adjutmnt poc. Auming th pic-poduct pon function fo q f( p) poduct poduction and quantity match i, thn q f ( p) th ocillation ytm can b dcib a: pt 0 p0 qi f( pi) i 0,,,... () pi f ( qi) In on ocillation piod, th changing lation of pic can b dcibd a: p i f ( f( pi)) F( pi) () Th quilibium point of ytm atifi: p f ( f ( p )) F( p ) (3) Th pic ocillation poc of valu-chain may cau intmdiat poduct pic convgnc o divgnc of untabl pic. Popoition 3: Fo any initial pic input p* [ p, p ], th pic ocillation function of vic poduct ytm atifi FP ( ) FP ( ) P P, (4) Thn th pic ocillation ytm i convgnt. Poof: Obviouly, p [ p, p ]. Fom quation 4, lt () P F( P), w hav () P P P P (5) Thfo, () P [ p, p ]. Similaly, fom quation 5, () i P [ p, p ]. () i ( i) i P P P P... P P (6) () i lim P P 0 i (7) So popoition 3 i povd. W dfin pic pon at in pic pon function, which dnot th changing abolut valu of optimal vic quantity pon of all id, caud by unit pic chang und ctain pic. Popoition4 : In dynamic ang of vic poduct pic [ p, p ], if th pic pon at of downtam ntpi a lag than pic pon at of vic uppli, atifying ( ) dmv P dmc ( P ),, thi dp dp dynamic pic ocillation ytm i convgnt. Poof: Initializ pic P [ P, P ], lt Q dmc ( P) and th banlanc poduct quantity i Q. FP ( ) FP ( ) MVQ ( ) MVQ ( ) (8) Taking into account th pic adjutmnt of vic quantity matching poc, and th monotonicity of pon function, w gt Q Q dmv ( Q) dmv ( Q) FP ( ) FP ( ) (9) QQ QQ Whil Q Q dmc( Q) dmc( Q) P P So Thn (30) QQ QQ dmv ( Q) dmc ( Q) (3) FP ( ) FP ( ) P P (3) Du to popoition, it i convgnt. IV. IMPLEMENTATION ANALYSIS A. Poof of Intmdiat Poduct Ocillation Adopting th aumption in pviou cto, th cot function of uptam and downtam ntpi in valuchain i: 3 q TC ( q) ( q ) 3 q TC( q) ( q ) 3 (33) Th dmand function of final poduct i q p f( q) 6 (34) Thn th pofit function of uppli and downtam ntpi i: pq TC( q) (35) f ( qq ) pq Th pic pon function of uppli and downtam ntpi i: p 0.5 q q 5.5 p So th pic ocillation function i: (36) DOI 0.503/IJSSST.a ISSN: x onlin, pint

6 3 p p 0.5 F( p) (37) Th pic laticity of pon function of uppli and p 0.5 downtam ntpi i, 5.5 p. 6 3 Whn.8 p 5.5, th pic laticity of downtam ntpi function i tictly lag than that of uppli. It can b appoximativly blivd that thi ul i common, and it atifi p p.04 (38) Suppli a poduc by pic and downtam ntpi a poduction matching id. Th intmdiat poduct pic i convgnt. W lct any intial pic, aft 0 piod of pic adjutmnt, to acqui balanc pic of valu-chain a p= B. Ca Study Company A i a lag tat-ownd pow gnation quipmnt manufactu, which ha a lag numb of machin quipmnt. With th apid gowth of a hap inca in dmand fo pow gnation quipmnt and makt od, th nomal opation of a vaity of machin tool quipmnt bcom factoy poduction goal and mt th u dmand, to duc th makt ik with impotant auanc. Whn quipmnt poblm mgd pviouly, it ndd quipmnt manufactu to gt in touch with th fild maintnanc in tim. Du to tmpoay vic dmand fo quipmnt manufactu of th high cot of vic, ponnl aangmnt and pa pat a mo difficult. Such vic can not gt manufactu apid pon whn th poc i mo complicatd. Th quality of vic can not gt ffctiv auanc. At th am tim, in th vic pic bagaining in paiv civ poition in long quipmnt vic and cuity coopation, it xchang gadually with quipmnt manufactu that fom maintnanc of quipmnt complt waanty vic chm. Th full vic plan includ tchnical vic and pa pat vic, uch a vic ppaation wok, aching bakdown aon, th dciion of paiing o placing tc. TABLE I. CONTRACT AMOUNT, WARRANTY AMOUNT, ACTUAL FEE OF ENTERPRISE A OVER THE YEARS Contact Amount Actual F Cot diffnc Numb of 7 5 lath Avag pic Th contact ha mad accuat qut to th vic pocing tim, which can atify A to th quipmnt maintnanc vic qut in tim Tabl and how th amount of inuanc quipmnt and th pic infomation of th vic contact, whn adopting waanty vic contact inc 0. TABLE II. WARRANTY SERVICE PRICE CHANGE OF EACH MACHINE OF ENTERPRISE A OVER THE YEARS NO. Nam CH530EX XK C550(GAI) DH00/NC MF Dh CK600/ PCM5000AT MAMQ50-LG SC50/ SR3TG TK C550(GAI) XKH XKH Sinc 0, fom th contnt and cot of paiing vic w hav following analyi: Numical contol quipmnt fo A gt lativ waanty aft th failu. Company B povid not only fit-cla vic and tchnical uppot, but alo impov th quality of vic pat. Th action tim i vy hot, which nabl th quipmnt to quickly to th function, to b put into poduction Fom th analyi of th numb of CNC quipmnt, inuanc, mainly in th duction of quipmnt failu downtim, th ffct i obviou, and th maintnanc cot a lativly aonabl. In od to nu th maintnanc of factoy quipmnt, A qui machin tool manufactu of th contol modul uing SIEMENS automatic contol modul, in th nw quipmnt bidding poc. In cnt ya, with th apid dvlopmnt of factoi, quipmnt invtmnt, and th nw pucha o tanfomation of lag ky quipmnt i gadually incaing... In cnt ya, th factoy NC bain dain i iou. It alo can't invt lag amount of fund to pucha pa pat of ctain company, coving mainly in ducing quipmnt failu downtim that ha obviou ffct. Fom analyi of CNC quipmnt inuanc ituation a fw ya, th maintnanc cot i alo mo aonabl. 0 on th bai of th gam btwn th two id th waanty vic tatd. Th manufactu C paid 7 machin tool, and vic uppli mt th vic pon tim quimnt accoding to th contact. Th contact amount i yuan, and th avag pic i Accoding to actual cot of accounting fo , it gatly xcd th contact amount of.8%, whil th makt chang in a apid inca in th manufactu fo paiing. In th 03 waanty vic contact ngotiation, th manufactu' valu cation function and vic uppli' DOI 0.503/IJSSST.a ISSN: x onlin, pint

7 cot function ha mad th big adjutmnt, both ynthi lad to vic pic baic tability. Fom 03 to 04, th amount of vic dtmind by th manufactu did not chang. By th nd of 03, th actual cot of th vic uppli than th contact amount i low than.4 million yuan. Accoding to th concluion, th obvation to th vic uppli of th actual cot i low than th contact cot, whil th vic of maintaining lativly i unchangd, which will lad to dclining in th pic of vic. So in 04, th contact pic of vic ducd fom 4.87 to 4.69 million yuan. Fom 04 to 05 uppli contact and th diffnc btwn actual obvd cot i vy mall. Th uppli baically main th am vic pon tim. At th bginning of 05, th manufactu' valu cation function wa changd, and vic mad by manufactu fom to 4 obvd manufactu actual vic dmand wa high than that of th upp tag. Th manufactu vic valu cation function i to b adjutd, to maintain th vic pon tim that i lativly contant. Th amount of vic manufactu of incaing will lad to a dclin in th pic of vic,. So in 05, th contact pic vic fll fom 4.69 to 4.5 million yuan. V. CONCLUSION Duing cunt induty tanfomation, it i mo and mo inffctiv to puly dpnd on ntity manufactuing induty to acqui pofit. A a nw poduction dvlopmnt fomat, manufactuing induty victization chang valu cation of induty and comptitivn and it dply affct ocial conomy tuctu. Bad on futh analyi of valu chain in valu chain ppctiv on manufactuing induty victization, thi pap mainly dicu numical thoy lation in manufactuing vic valu. Bad on manufactuing vic copoation and downtam copoation to cat vic valu togth, pic dfinition can b ud to aliz valu ditibution. Diffnt pic ight ambly can dtmin vic pic cop and convgnc condition duing pic gam of two pati a povidd. Svic cation and it numical phyic lation of valu ditibution i alo obtaind. Ou chm intoduc nw ida and viwpoint to tudy modn manufactuing induty victization ytm and it i ignificant to impov th comptitivn of gional conomic. REFERENCES [] Kikwood Clyd. Svic outoucing-a tatgic oppotunity. SEAISI Quatly (South Eat Aia Ion and Stl Intitut,vol. 33, No. 0, pp. 8-4, 004. [] Fng B.. Multioucing uppli lction in vic outoucing. Jounal of th Opational Rach Socity, vol. 63, No. 05, pp , 0. [3] Lv XiYan, Zhang RunTong. Pofit ditibution of opato ld intnt of thing indutial valu chain bad on gam thoy. Advanc in Infomation Scinc and Svic Scinc, vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 55-6, 0. [4] Qi GuiQing, Yang XiHuai, Li Sn. Cooptition analyi of clutd ntwok upply chain by ptitiv gam thoy. Jounal of Nothatn Univity, vol. 7, No., pp , 006. [5] Ronthal Edwad C.. A gam-thotic appoach to tanf picing in a vtically intgatd upply chain. Intnational Jounal of Poduction Economic, vol. 5, No., pp , 008. [6] Li JianFng, Chn Yan, Cui XuShng. Th tatgy bad on gam thoy fo co-oganizational buin poc gining in upply chain. WSEAS Tanaction on Comput, vol.7, No. 6, pp , 008. [7] Lv Xiyan, Zhang Runtong, Yu Jiang. Comptition and coopation btwn paticipant of th intnt of thing induty valu chain. Advanc in Infomation Scinc and Svic Scinc, vol.4, No., pp , 0. [8] Qiu RuoZhn, Huang XiaoYuan. Robut Stacklbg gam of upply chain und unknown dmand ditibution infomation. Jounal of Nothatn Univity, vol.30, No. 8, pp. 08-, 009. [9] H LongFi, Zhao DaoZhi. Optimization of invntoy and tanpotation and fuzzy coalitional gam bad coodination fo poniv upply chain. Sytm Engining Thoy and Pactic, vol.3, No. 6, pp , 0. [0] Li Changwn, Zhou Yongwu, Lu Yong. Coopativ gam analyi of a upply chain with on Rik-Nutal uppli and two ik-av tail. Jounal of Indutial Engining and Managmnt, vol.7, No. 4, pp , 0. DOI 0.503/IJSSST.a ISSN: x onlin, pint