User s Guide. Electronic Crossover Network. XM66 Variable Frequency. XM9 24 db/octave. XM16 48 db/octave. XM44 24/48 db/octave. XM26 24 db/octave Tube

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Claude Parks
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1 U Guid Elctnic Cv Ntwk XM66 Vaiabl Fquncy XM9 24 db/ctav XM16 48 db/ctav XM44 24/48 db/ctav XM26 24 db/ctav Tub XM46 24 db/ctav Paiv Lin Lvl XM db/ctav Tub Machand Elctnic Inc. Rcht, NY (585)

2 Th lctnic cv i ud t div individual ludpak f paat ptin f th audi fquncy pctum. A tw way cv i ud f ba and high fquncy pak. A th way cv i ud whn diving ba, midang and high fquncy pak. Th ignal fm th pamp i pad t th lctnic cv ntwk. Th utput f th cv ntwk a thn cnnctd t th pw amplifi f th individual ludpak a in Figu 1. A typical cnfiguatin lik thi might hav th cv fquncy t at 3 t Hz, dpnding n th typ f ludpak ud. Whn ud with ubwf a lw fquncy pak, th typical cv fquncy i aund Hz. Th ang i 5 t 15 Hz f mt ubwf. Whn th cv fquncy i blw Hz th uually i n t infmatin pnt fm th und f th ubwf, and a cmmn ubwf can b ud. Figu 3 hw hw t u th cv with a cmmn ubwf. Th um witch n th cv fnt P a m p Out Out C v In In High High Out Lw Out Lw High High Out Lw Out Lw Figu 1 Tw-way ytm ha paat amplifi f high and lw ang pak panl cau th utput f bth lw pa channl t b ummd tgth. Bth utput will hav th am ummd ignal n thm, and ith n can thu b ud t div h cmmn ubwf. Th advantag f a cmmn ubwf i m than jut ct. Bcau th i nly n ubwf pnt, ftn a lag unit can b chn, with an xtndd ba ang. It i al pibl t div m than tw pak p channl. Figu 2 hw a th way ytm with wf, midang and twt. Ching th cv fquncy and lp At fqunci blw th cv fquncy th ignal will g t th lw pa utput. At fqunci abv th cv fquncy th ignal will g t th high pa utput. Th i a gin aund th cv pint wh th ignal will cm ut f bth th high pa utput and th lw pa utput. F h cv ntwk with a lp f 24 db/ctav (XM6, XM9 and XM26) th width f thi gin i abut 1/2 ctav. F th XM16, with a lp f 48 db/ctav, th width f thi gin i halvd t 1/4 ctav. Figu 4 hw th fquncy pn f th 24 db/ctav cv ntwk (XM6, XM9 and XM26). Th figu i dawn f a cv fquncy f Hz. F th cv fqunci Machand Elctnic Inc.

3 th am figu appli, with th fquncy cal cald. Nt that bth th high pa pn and th lw pa pn a dwn xactly 6 db at th cv pint f Hz. Thi man that at thi fquncy th amplitud i xactly half. Adding th high pa and lw pa tgth um t unity. A a matt f fact th um f th high pa and th lw pa pn i unity f all fqunci. Thi i why th filt i calld a cntant vltag ntwk. It i al calld a Linkwitz-Rily ntwk, aft th tw wit wh fit intducd thi cncpt in th audi wld. Th fquncy pn f th pha f th 24 db/ctav ntwk i hwn in Figu 5. Th fquncy pn f th pha i th am f th high pa and th lw pa utput. Nt that at th cv pint th pha hift i xactly 18 dg. Figu 9 hw th fquncy pn f th XM16 cv ntwk. Thi ntwk ha a lp f 48 db/ctav. Figu 8 hw th pha pn f th XM16 cv ntwk. Nt that th pha hift f th XM16 i twic that f th th ntwk. Th XM16 d nt hav a Twt Mid Wf In In P a m p Out Out C v High Out Mid Out Lw Out High Out Mid Out Lw Out Twt Mid Wf Figu 2 Th-way ytm ha paat amplifi f twt, midang and wf damping cntl. Th chic f th cv pint i a difficult n, and ftn m tial and i ndd f achiving bt ult. With th 24 db/ctav cv ntwk a gd ul f thumb i t t th cv pint at lat n half t n ctav away fm th cutff fquncy f th pak. Thu a atllit with a cutff fquncy f 5 Hz at th lw and that i ud with a ubwf qui a cv fquncy f 75 t Hz. Th ubwf huld thn al hav a ang xtnding half t n ctav abv th cv fquncy. In thi ca, if Hz wa chn, th ubwf huld hav a ang f at lat 2 Hz Machand Elctnic Inc.

4 A 48 db/ctav cv huld b chn if thi chic i nt pactical. Thi cv with th tp lp can b ud with a cv fquncy 1/4 ctav away fm th ludpak cutff pint. Changing th cv fquncy Fquncy mdul Th XM6 cv ntwk ha a cntl n th fnt panl t chang th cv fquncy. Th fquncy i hwn n a fu digit LED numic diplay n th fnt panl f th unit. Th ang i 2 Hz t 45 Hz, and th fquncy can b changd in tp f abut 5%. A ttal f 16 fqunci a thu availabl. Thi nic fatu cm with a ct. Th XM9, XM16 and XM26 u fquncy mdul t chang th cv fquncy. Th lw ct mdul a pluggd int a cnnct in th unit. Th pw ha t b hut ff and th tp cv f th unit mvd. Th mdul f th XM9 ha 4 it n it. Th mdul f th XM16 ha 8 it In P a m p Out Out C v In Satllit Satllit High Out Lw Out High Out Lw Out Sum Switch up Cmmn Subwf Figu 3 Tw-way ytm with cmmn ubwf. Th tw lw pa channl a ummd whn th um md i lctd. and th mdul f th XM26 ha 4 it and fu capacit. Th XM9 qui tw mdul and th XM16 and XM16 qui fu mdul f ach cv fquncy chn. Th mdul a availabl f mt fqunci. Th manual f th individual unit hav fmula in thm t cmput th valu f th it and capacit. Whn ding placmnt mdul nly th did fqunci nd b pcifid. In d t plac th fquncy mdul th tp cv f th unit nd t b mvd. Und th tw cw n ach id f th unit and lift th cv. Mak u th pw t th unit i tund ff. Pcd a fllw: XM9 Each cicuit bad ha n fquncy mdul. Th am mdul t bth th high pa and th lw pa cv pint. It i intd in a ckt. Th fquncy mdul ha fu it n it. Rplac ach mdul with th nw mdul Machand Elctnic Inc.

5 XM16 Each cicuit bad ha tw fquncy mdul n it, n f th lw pa and n f th high pa cv pint. Th tw pint a uually t at th am fquncy. Each mdul ha ight it n it. Rplac ach mdul with th nw mdul. XM26 Each cicuit bad ha tw fquncy mdul n it, n f th lw pa and n f th high pa cv pint. Th tw pint a uually t at th am fquncy. Each mdul i Fquncy pn f th amplitud f th futh d cv ntw k. Th lp a 24 db/ctav. Th amplitud f lw pa and high pa add up t unity ( db). db - -2 High pa Lw pa Hz Figu 4 a mall cicuit bad with gld platd cntact fing. Mdul hav pciin capacit and it n thm. Th mdul n th lft f ach cicuit bad i th lw-pa mdul; th th n i th high pa mdul. Mak u t int th mdul that th cmpnnt n it fac away fm th tub. Th tub gt ht and might mlt th capacit. Aft placing th mdul put th cv back n and intall th fu cw. Lvl cntl Th lvl cntl n th fnt f th cabint a ud t t th vlum f ach ludpak. Th a val way t adjut th cntl. A gd way t d thi i t tat ut by tting all cntl in th cnt (12 clck) pitin. Litn t m muic and adjut th cntl f pp vlum fm ach pak. If a fquncy gnat i availabl, hk th gnat up t th input f th cv. Swp th fquncy fm way blw th cv pint t way abv th cv pint. Whn th fquncy c th cv pint th und huld hift fm n pak t th th, but th vlum huld main th am. 36 Fquncy pn f th pha f th futh d ntw k. Th pha f bth high pa and lw pa a th am Figu 5 A thid way i t u a pink ni gnat and a pctum analyz with a gd micphn. Adjut th lvl cntl f a flat pn ac th cv pint Machand Elctnic Inc.

6 Smtim th mthd that u intumnt ult in tting that a nt quit plaing. If that i th ca ty t adjut th cntl until th und i bt. Aft all, it i th final und that i imptant. Th damping cntl Th damping cntl allw adjuting th fquncy pn at th cv pint. Figu 6 hw th ffct f th damping cntl. Th figu hw th fquncy pn f th maximum and minimum tting. Thi cntl i nly availabl n th XM6 and th XM9. Th XM16 and th XM26 d nt hav a damping cntl. Th damping cntl adjut bth high pa and lw pa imultanuly. Thi cntl i uful f fin-tuning th m fquncy pn. Smtim it happn that at th cv pint th i a mall pak dip in th fquncy Th fquncy pn f th amplitud f tw tting f th damping cntl. +5 db db Figu 6 pn. Thi i caud by th fact that at thi fquncy th und i pduc by bth high and lw pak imultanuly. It i ftn vy had t ha thi dip, but it can aily b n if a fquncy pctum analyz i ud. 36 Fquncy pn f th pha f tw valu f th damping cnl. Th pha f high pa and lw pa a th am +5 db db Figu Machand Elctnic Inc.

7 Fquncy pn f th pha f th XM16 ighth d cv ntw k. Th pha f high pa and lw pa a th am Figu 8 Th fquncy pn f th amplitud f th XM16 ighth d cv ntw k Figu Machand Elctnic Inc.

8 P a m p Out Twt Out C v In Paiv Cv In Mid High Out Lw Out Wf High Out Lw Out Twt Paiv Cv Mid Wf Hybid ytm with paiv cv n th high and activ cv n th lw Machand Elctnic Inc.

Vltag lct witch Bf witching n th pw mak u th pw lct witch n th a i t t th pp

Thi i typical in USA, Canada, Cntal Amica and Japan U th 22V tting wh th pw

9 Vltag lct witch Bf witching n th pw mak u th pw lct witch n th a i t t th pp vltag. Thi i imptant. Th wng tting may damag th quipmnt. Th cv a cmpatibl with bth 5Hz and 6Hz. U th 115V tting wh th pw lin vltag i V t 127VAC. Thi i typical in USA, Canada, Cntal Amica and Japan U th 22V tting wh th pw lin vltag i 22V t 24VAC. Thi i typical in Eup, Afica and mt f Aia. Fm (c) Machand Elctnic Inc.

ELEC 372 LECTURE NOTES, WEEK 11 Dr. Amir G. Aghdam Concordia University

ELEC 372 LECTURE NOTES, WEEK 11 Dr. Amir G. Aghdam Concordia University ELEC 37 LECTURE NOTES, WEE Dr Amir Aghdam Cncrdia Univrity Part f th nt ar adaptd frm th matrial in th fllwing rfrnc: Mdrn Cntrl Sytm by Richard C Drf and Rbrt H Bihp, Prntic Hall Fdback Cntrl f Dynamic