Valencia 1.April, 2016

Transcription

1 University Chemistry of Wuppertal Education Program Curriculum Innovation Michael W. Tausch Valencia 1.April, 2016 Outline: I: Photo-Blue-Bottle Experiment II: Photo & Nano III: Towards CO 2 Conversion Chemical Conversion and Storage of Solar Light Energy

2 Photoprocesses in Science Education Photosynthesis in numbers t Biomass/a J/a 0,15%

3 Photoprocesses in Science Education blue solution +hν λ < 450 nm +O 2 Silke Korn Silke Korn Shake yellow solution Modern version: LED pocket lamp and ethyl viologene; costs for 5 ml of PBB-solution < 1 M. T., D. Wöhrle Photokatalyse PdN-Chemie 38 (3), 37 (1989); M.T. Photo-Blue-Bottle. PdN-Chemie 43 (3), 13 (1994) D. Wöhrle. M.Tausch, W.-D. Stohrer, Photochemie Konzepte, Methoden, Experimente, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (1998) S.Korn, M. T., J. Chem. Educ. 78 (9), 1238 (2001); M. Heffen, M. T., PdN-ChiS, 64 (2), 45 (2015)

4 Photoprocesses in Science Education c mol/l excess c mol/l M. T., S.Korn, J. Chem. Educ. 78 (9), 1238 (2001); M. T., M. Heffen, R. Krämer, N. Meuter, PdN-ChiS, 64 (2), 45 (2015)

5 Photoprocesses in Science Education Model-Sugar EV + Light EV 2+ Sacrificial Donor Excess Proflavine or TiO 2 Photocatalyst c = mol/l Model-CO 2 Ethylviologene Substrate c = mol/l Oxidizing Agent Supply M. W. Tausch, PdN-ChiS 43 (3), 13 (1994)

6 Photoprocesses in Science Education E A Lowest unoccupied energy level (LUMO) Endergonic reduction of the substrate A Highest occupied energy level (HOMO) Electronically excited state of the photocatalyst

7 Photoprocesses in Science Education Redox Potentials Energy Level Modell

8 Photoprocesses in Science Education Energy Light Model-Sugar EV + Energy Shake EV ++ Model-CO 2 Ethylviologene Energy Light Photosynthesis Apparatus Mechanical, thermic and other Energies C- and O- Respiratory cycles Apparatus M. Tausch, M.von Wachtendonk, C. Bohrmann-Linde, S. Krees (Hrsg.) Chemie 2000+, C.C. Buchner, Bamberg ( )

9 Voltage [mv] Photoprocesses in Science Education EV 2+ + e - EV X Light on X Light off Air on Air off M. Heffen, M. T. PdN-ChiS; in press S.Korn, M. T., J. Chem. Educ. 78 (9), 1238 (2001); Conclusion: Light is converted into chemical energy and stored in the reduced substrate. Time [min] C. Bohrmann-Linde, F. Posala, D. Nietz, M. T., PdN-ChiS 62 (5), 25 (2013)

10 Photoprocesses in Science Education - + Analogies Photosynthesis/Respiration Phenomena: Participation of: a) colored Substances (Chl, Car ) b) Gases and dissolved Substances c) Light and other forms of energy Cycles of matter, Substances: a) Cycles of C, O, Chl... b) O 2 -consumption in the respiration process Differences Photo-Blue-Bottle Phenomena: Participation of: a) Colored Substances (PF, EV) b) Gases and dissolved Substances c) Light and other forms of energy Cycles of matter, substances: a) Cycles of EV and PF b) O 2 -consumption in the oxidation proc. Reaction types, energy conversion: a) Reduction - enderg. / light b) Oxidation - exerg. / heat, mech. energy c) Excitation, photoelectron transfer Reaction types, energy conversion: a) Reduction - enderg. / light b) Oxidation - exerg. / heat, mech. energy c) Excitation, photoelectron transfer

11 Photoprocesses in Science Education

12 Photoprocesses in Science Education K. K. Sakimoto, P. Yang, D. Kim, Angew. Chem. 127, 3309 (2015)

13 Photo & Nano a successful couple in using solar radiation for biology on the planet Earth Photoactive Nanomachines in Biosystems

14 Photo & Nano a successful couple in using solar radiation for biology on the planet Earth 100 nm 100 nm Nano-CuCl from Cu(s)+HCl(aq) [1] Nano-TiO 2 sensitized with Anthocyan Dyes [3] 50 nm 200 nm Silane coated Nano-ZnO [2] Silane coated, UV-modified Nano-ZnO [2] [1] M.W. Tausch, C. Eisel, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 128, 151 (1999) [2] M.W.Tausch, B. Rohe, W.S. Veeman, Nanotechnology, 17, 277 (2006) [3] C. Bohrmann-Linde, M. W. Tausch, J. Chem. Educ., 80 (12), 1471 (2003)

15 Photo & Nano a successful couple in using solar radiation for biology on the planet Earth h ν +O 2 Silke Korn +hν λ < 450 nm blue suspension white suspension +O 2 1. a light driven reduction 2. an oxygen consuming oxidation 3. the need of a light absorbing species 1. the natural cycle of photosynthesis and respiration 2. the CO 2 economy (?) M. T., D. Wöhrle Photokatalyse PdN-Chemie 38 (3), 37 (1989); M.T. Photo-Blue-Bottle. PdN-Chemie 43 (3), 13 (1994) D. Wöhrle. M.Tausch, W.-D. Stohrer, Photochemie Konzepte, Methoden, Experimente, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (1998) S.Korn, M. T., J. Chem. Educ. 78 (9), 1238 (2001); M. Heffen, M. T., PdN-ChiS, 64 (2), 45 (2015)

16 Photo & Nano a successful couple in using solar radiation for biology on the planet Earth 1 LED 400 nm 3 LED 530 nm 4 LED 630 nm EV ++ TiO 2 -Particle EV + Conduction Band EV ++ E g = 3,2 ev TEA Valence Band TEA ox 388 nm (3,1 ev) M.T., D. Wöhrle: PdN (Chemie) 38, 37 (1998); M.T.., M. Heffen, PdN-ChiS 64 in press (2015) M.Tausch, M. v. Wachtendonk, C. Bohrmann-Linde, S. Krees (Hrsg.), CHEMIE 2000+, C.C.Buchner, Bamberg ( ))

17 Voltage [mv] Photo & Nano a successful couple in using solar radiation for biology on the planet Earth EV 2+ + e - EV + X Light on X Light off Air on Air off Time [min] S.Korn, M. T., J. Chem. Educ. 78 (9), 1238 (2001); C. Bohrmann-Linde, F. Posala, D. Nietz, M. T., PdN-ChiS 62 (5), 25 (2013)

18 Photo & Nano a successful couple in using solar radiation for biology on the planet Earth Energy Light TiO 2 * Green Fuel Model-Shugar EV + h ν TiO 2 +O 2 TEA TEA ox TiO 2 + EV ++ Model-CO 2 Ethylviologene

19 Valencia 2016 Spain

20 Chemistry & Chem. Educ. Michael W. Tausch Prof. Dr. Claudia Bohrmann-Linde Prof. Dr. Simone Krees Prof. Dr. Amitabh Banerji Dr. Ralf-Peter Schmitz Dr. Bernd Rohe Heidrun Geller René Krämer Nico Meuter Maria Heffen Melanie Zepp Heiko Hoffmann Sebastian Spinnen Ibeth Rendón Enríquez Heiko Hoffmann Ingrid Reisewitz-Swertz Renate Gärtig David Nietz Frederic Posalla Saskia Ruckebier u.v.a.