Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination. David Zelený
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1 Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination David Zelený
2 Heinz Ellenberg Use of mean Ellenberg indicator values in vegetation analysis species composition observed species ecological optima mean Ellenberg indicator values David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination
3 Heinz Ellenberg Use of mean Ellenberg indicator values in vegetation analysis species composition ordination axes (e.g. DCA) observed species ecological optima mean Ellenberg indicator values Zelený & Schaffers (01) Too good to be true: pitfalls of usingmean Ellenberg indicator values in vegetation analyses. Journal of Vegetation Science 3: David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 3
4 Heinz Ellenberg Use of mean Ellenberg indicator values in vegetation analysis species composition cluster analysis observed species ecological optima (e.g. ANOVA) mean Ellenberg indicator values Zelený & Schaffers (01) Too good to be true: pitfalls of usingmean Ellenberg indicator values in vegetation analyses. Journal of Vegetation Science 3: David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 4
5 Heinz Ellenberg Use of mean Ellenberg indicator values in vegetation analysis observed species ecological optima species composition mean Ellenberg indicator values constrained ordination (RDA, CCA) with mean EIVs as explanatory variables? but: we would use variable derived from species composition to explain species composition... David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 5
6 Heinz Ellenberg Use of mean Ellenberg indicator values in vegetation analysis observed species ecological optima species composition mean Ellenberg indicator values constrained ordination (RDA, CCA) with mean EIVs as explanatory variables! solution: separate external information (species EIVs) from species composition David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 6
7 Adjusted R how does it work? variation explained by random variable variation explained by explanatory variable R perm R R how much variation does explanatory variable explain more than would random variable? R adj 1 = 1 1 R 1 R perm David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 7
8 Adjusted R how does it work? (for mean Ellenberg indicator values) variation explained by mean Ellenberg values R perm variation explained by mean Ellenberg indicator values with no ecological meaning R R how much variation does mean Ellenberg value explain more than would mean Ell. value without ecological meaning? R adj 1 = 1 1 R 1 R perm David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 8
9 Randomization of mean Ellenberg indicator values species EIVs for temperature randomized species EIVs for temperature p1 p p3 p4 T T R sp sp species composition sp sp sp rand. ----> sp sp mean EIVs for temperature mt mean randomized EIVs for temperature mt R David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 9
10 Datasets Artificial data Real data one artificial gradient 300 species with random optima and niche widths 100 survey plots forest vegetation in river valley heterogeneous landscape 97 plots sampled along transects 83 species measured soil ph David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 10
11 explained variation Artificial dataset used in RDA measured environmental variable calculated mean species optima R R R adj R adj R adj/perm David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 11
12 explained variation River valley dataset used in RDA measured soil ph calculated mean EIVs for soil reaction R R R adj R adj R adj/perm David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 1
13 explained variation River valley dataset used in RDA measured ph mean EIVs for soil reaction measured soil ph calculated mean EIVs for soil reaction variation partitioning based on adjusted R R R R adj R adj R adj/perm David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 13
14 explained variation River valley dataset used in RDA R adj/perm can be tested using modified permutation test R R adj/perm ** 1.5 n.s. 0.0 n.s. light temp cont moist nutr react David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 14
15 explained variation River valley dataset used in RDA variation partitioning based on adjusted R soil reaction 4.6 light light n.s. n.s. temp cont moist nutr react 4.6 ** R R adj nutrients 6.4 David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 15
16 Conclusions concept of adjusted R enables to use mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination adjusted R has to be calculated using modified permutation schema (permutation of assignments of indicator values to species) the question asked by this analysis: How much variation does the mean EIVs explain? Does the current assignment of indicator values to species says something more than if they are assigned randomly? And if so, how much? David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 16
17 Conclusions concept of adjusted R enables to use mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination adjusted R has to be calculated using modified permutation schema (permutation of assignments of indicator values to species) the question asked by this analysis: How much variation does the mean EIVs explain? Does the current assignment of indicator values to species says something more than if they are assigned randomly? And if so, how much? Thank you for your attention! David Zelený: Mean Ellenberg indicator values as explanatory variables in constrained ordination 17
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