J. Environ. Si. & Nturl Resoures, 4(2): 83-87, 2011 ISSN 1999-7361 Totl Nutrient Uptke y Grin plus Strw n Eonomi of Fertilizer Use of Rie Muttion STL-655 Grown uner Boro Seson in Sline Are M. H. Kir, N. M. Tluker, M. J. Uin 1, H. Mhmu 1 n B. K. Bisws 1 Deprtment of Agriulture Chemistry, BAU, Mymensingh, 1 UAO, DAE Astrt An experiment ws onute t BINA (Bnglesh Institute of Nuler Agriulture) susttion, Stkhir on slightly lreous silty ly soil uring the oro seson of 2009-2010 to investigte the effets of ifferent omintions of inorgni fertilizers in orer to hieve sustinle high yiel gol in the STL-655 rie mutnt ultivr. The six tretment omintions were: T 1 (solute ontrol), T 2 (N 60 P 20 K 40 S 10 Zn 1 ), T 3 (N 80 P 25 K 50 S 15 Zn 1.5 ), T 4 (N 100 P 30 K 60 S 20 Zn 2 ), T 5 (N 120 P 35 K 70 S 25 Zn 3 ) n T 6 (N 140 P 40 K 80 S 30 Zn 4 ) tht ws li out in rnomize omplete lok esign (RCBD) with three replitions hving per plot size ws 5m x 4m. The results revele tht grin n strw yiels of STL-655 rie mutnt respone signifintly with the ifferent tretment omintions. The highest grin (3.95 t/h) n strw yiel (7.38 t/h) ws otine in T 6 (Soil test sis high yiel gol) tretment, whih ws signifintly higher thn ll other tretments. The tretment T 6 (N 140 P 40 K 80 S 30 Zn 4 ) use n inrese of 60% grin yiel n 27% higher strw yiel over the ontrol. Nutrient uptke of N, P, K n S y grin of oro rie (STL-655 rie mutnt) vrie from 25.14 to 48.02, 5.40 to 8.14, 11.76 to 23.02 n 4.15 to 7.09 kg/h, respetively. The N, P, K n S uptke y strw of oro rie (STL-655 rie mutnt) vrie from 20.36 to 35.85, 5.47 to 11.05, 59.01 to 159.6 n 9.54 to 12.97 kg/h, respetively. Key wors: Sline re, Mutnt ultivr, High yiel gol, Inorgni fertilizers Introution Delining ln proutivity with negtive nutrient lne is the min onerns ginst the foo seurity prolems in the ountry. Fertiliztion is one of the most importnt notle mesures tht help to inrese griulturl proution. So, pplition of equte mount of minerl nutrients to rop is one of the importnt ftors in hieving higher proutivity. Moern rie vrieties oviously require higher mount of nutrients to give higher rop yiels. The frmers of this ountry use only out 102 kg nutrients/h (70kg N, 24kg P 2 O 5, 6kg K 2 O, 2kg S + Zn) nnully, while the rop removl is nerly 200 kg/h/yr (Islm et l., 1994). The intensive ropping with moern vrieties, nutrient lehing with monsoon rins n light texture soils re lso fvoring the emergene of mironutrient efiieny in the soil, onsequently Zn n B efiienies re frequently reporte on some soils n rop (Jhiruin et l., 1995). Signifint trnsition to the use of N, P, NP n NPKS fertiliztion on rie ultivtion with etter eonomi return hs shifte tritionl griulture to mximum yiel onept. Slinity uses reution in rop yiel on out 10 m h of worls irrigte ln (Rhoes & Lovey, 1990). Slinity reues photosynthesis rte, metolism proess, rohyrte trnslotion, ry mtter proution, lef re inex, nutrient sorption, ll yiel ttriutes n grin yiel, while it inreses sterility perentge of rie (Zye et l., 2007). In generl, soil slinity is elieve to e minly responsile for low ln use s well s ropping intensity in the re (Rhmn & Ahsn, 2001). Thus, omting ln sliniztion prolem is vitl for foo seurity in the ountry through option of long-term ln mngement strtegy. Slinity in the ountry reeive very little ttention in the pst. Inrese pressure of growing popultion emn more foo. Thus it hs eome inresingly importnt to explore the possiilities of inresing the potentil of these (sline) lns for inrese rop proution. Keeping the ove points in view, the present stuy ws unertken to sertin optimum n eonomi rtes of fertilizer for rie ultivtion in sline re. Mterils n Methos The experiment ws onute t BINA (Bnglesh Institute of Nuler Agriulture) susttion, Stkhir on slightly lreous silty ly soil uring the Boro seson of 2009-2010 to investigte the effets of ifferent omintions of inorgni fertilizers like N, P, K, S n Zn in orer to hieve sustinle high yiel gol in the STL-655 rie mutnt ultivr. The six tretment omintions were: T 1 (solute ontrol), T 2 (N 60 P 20 K 40 S 10 Zn 1 ), T 3 (N 80 P 25 K 50 S 15 Zn 1.5 ), T 4 (N 100 P 30 K 60 S 20 Zn 2 ), T 5 (N 120 P 35 K 70 S 25 Zn 3 ) n T 6 (N 140 P 40 K 80 S 30 Zn 4 ) tht ws li out in rnomize omplete lok esign (RCBD) with three replitions hving per plot size ws 5m x 4m. N, P, K, S n Zn were pplie s Ure, TSP, MP, gypsum n zin oxie, respetively. Ure ws pplie in three equl splits. The first split ws pplie uring finl ln preprtion, the seon split t the tive tillering stge n the remining split t ooting stge/pnile initition stge of the rop.
J. Environ. Si. & Nturl Resoures, 4(2): 83-87, 2011 Forty ys ol three helthy seelings of oro rie (STL-655 rie mutnt) were trnsplnte per hill in the experimentl plots t plnt sping of 20 m x 15 m on 20 th Deemer, 2010 n the rop ws hrveste t mturity on 25 th April, 2010. All the ulturl prties were one in time. Ten plnts were rnomly selete from eh plot for t olletion. Grin n strw smples were nlyze for the etermintion of N, P, K n S onentrtions. The uptkes of these nutrients were lso lulte from the yiel n the nutrient onentrtion of grin n strw. The nutrient uptke ws lulte y % of minerls onstituent x grin/yiel weight (kg/h) ivie y 100. All the t were sttistilly nlyze following the F-test n the men omprisons were me y DMRT (Gomez n Gomez, 1984) t the 5% level. Results n Disussion 1.1 Nitrogen onentrtion in grin n strw Dt in Tle 1 inite tht the ifferent tretment omintions h signifintly influene on N onentrtion oth in grin n strw of STL-655 rie mutnt. The N onentrtion of grin vrie from 0.87 to 1.21% (Tle 1). The highest grin N onentrtion 1.21% ws oserve in tretment T 6. The next highest grin N onentrtion ws otine in T 2 n signifintly higher thn the rest of the tretments. The lowest grin N onentrtion ws otine in tretment T 1. In strw, the N onentrtion rnge from 0.34 to 0.53% (Tle 1). The highest N ontent (0.53%) ws oserve in tretment T 4, whih ws sttistilly ientil with tretments T 5, T 3 n T 2. The lowest N onentrtion (0.34%) ws foun in tretment T 1. Similr results were oserve y Rhmn et l. 2005. 1.2 Nitrogen uptke y grin n strw The results presente in Tle 2 inite tht wie vrition in N uptke y grin n strw ue to ifferent tretment omintions. The rnge of N uptke y grin ws 25.14 to 48.02 kg/h. The highest N uptke (48.02 kg/h) y grin ws otine in tretment T 6. The next highest grin N uptke ws otine in T 4, whih ws sttistilly similr to tretments T 5, T 3 n T 2. The lowest N uptke (25.14 kg/h) y grin ws foun in tretment T 1 (ontrol). Similrly, the rnge of N uptke y strw ws 20.36 to 35.85 kg/h. However, the highest N uptke strw ws otine in tretment T 4, whih ws higher thn ll other tretments ut sttistilly ientil with T 5, T 6 n T 3. The lowest N uptke y strw ws foun in tretment T 2. Tle 1. Effet of ifferent nutrients on N, P, K n S onentrtion y grin n strw of STL-655 rie mutnt Tretments Conentrtion (%) Grin Strw N P K S N P K S T1 = Control (0) 0.8767 f 0.4233 0.3400 0.1033 1.130 f T2 = N 60 P 20 K 40 S 10 Zn 1 1.067 0.2033 0.5267 0.5233 1.700 0.1867 T3 =N 80 P 25 K 50 S 15 Zn 1.5 0.9300 0.2100 0.4767 0.1667 0.5067 1.390 0.1667 T4 = N 100 P 30 K 60 S 20 Zn 2 0.9000 0.2133 0.5000 0.1867 0.5367 0.1467 2.387 0.1700 T5 = N 120 P 35 K 70 S 25 Zn 3 1.010 0.1933 e 0.4267 0.5133 1.887 T6 = N 140 P 40 K 80 S 30 Zn 4 1.217 0.2173 0.5833 0.1700 0.4500 0.1500 1.207 e 0.1767 SE 0.052 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.030 0.011 0.194 0.05 CV% 8.36 3.41 2.29 5.91 14.38 2.64 2.16 0.004 SE = Stnr error of mens, CV = Coeffiient of vrition 84
J. Environ. Si. & Nturl Resoures, 4(2): 83-87, 2011 The rnge of totl N uptke oth y grin n strw of STL-655 ws 52.79 to 81.25 kg/h (Tle 3). The highest totl N uptke (81.25 kg/h) ws reore in tretment T 6. The lowest totl N uptke (kg/h) ws foun in tretment T 2 (52.79). The result showe tht the totl N uptke oth y grin n strw were more prominent ue to omine pplition of fertilizers. Tle 2. Effet of ifferent tretments on totl nutrient uptke y STL-655 rie mutnt Tretments Grin Nutrient uptke (kg/h) Strw N P K S N P K S T 1 = Control (0) 25.14 5.40 11.76 4.15 27.86 5.47 59.01e 9.543 T 2 = N 60 P 20 K 40 S 10 Zn 1 32.43 6.21 16.02 5.57 20.36 10.85 101.5 11.06 T 3 = N 80 P 25 K 50 S 15 Zn 1.5 32.74 7.19 14.83 5.76 33.31 10.15 91.33 10.85 T 4 = N 100 P 30 K 60 S 20 Zn 2 34.63 8.14 19.17 7.09 35.85 9.67 159.6 10.92 T 5 = N 120 P 35 K 70 S 25 Zn 3 34.03 7.32 16.35 6.01 34.12 10.27 124.8 11.63 T 6 = N 140 P 40 K 80 S 30 Zn 4 48.02 7.49 23.02 6.40 33.23 11.05 89.14 12.97 SE 3.044 0.403 1.574 0.403 2.355 0.845 14.06 0.457 CV (%) 14.97 18.56 8.59 10.19 16.61 10.05 4.50 3.63 SE = Stnr error of mens, CV = Coeffiient of vrition 1.3 Phosphorus onentrtion in grin n strw The results shown in Tle 3 inite tht the P onentrtion oth in grin n strw iffere signifintly n influene y the tretments. Phosphorus ontent in grin vrie from 0.183 to 0.217 %. The highest P onentrtion (0.217 %) ws foun in tretment T 6, whih ws sttistilly similr to tretments T 4, T 3 n T 2. The lowest P onentrtion in grin ws foun in tretment T 1 (ontrol). The P onentrtion in strw rnge from 0.103 to 0.183%. The highest P onentrtion in strw ws oserve in tretment T 2, whih ws sttistilly ientil with tretments T 5, T 3, n T 4. The lowest P onentrtion ws reore in tretment T 1 (ontrol). 1.4. Phosphorus uptke y grin n strw The results presente in Tle 2 showe tht P uptke of grin n strw iffere signifintly ue to ifferent tretment omintions. The rnge of P uptke y grin vrie from 5.40 to 8.14 kg/h. The highest P uptke (8.14 kg/h) y grin ws reore in tretment T 4, Whih sttistilly ientil with tretments T 5, T 6 n T 3. The lowest P uptke ws reore in tretment T 1 (ontrol). However, P Uptke of strw showe signifint ifferene ue to ifferent tretments. The rnge of P uptke y strw vrie from 5.47 to 11.05 kg/h. The highest P uptke of strw reore in tretment T 6, whih ws sttistilly similr to tretments T 4, T 3 n T 5. The lowest P uptke ws oserve in tretment T 1 (ontrol). The totl P uptke y grin n strw rnge from 10.87 to 18.54 kg/h. The highest totl P uptke (18.54 kg/h) ws otine in tretment T 6. The lowest totl P uptke ws oserve in tretment T 1 (ontrol). 1.5 Potssium onentrtion in grin n strw Different tretment omintions of inorgni fertilizers signifintly influene the K onentrtion in grin n strw. The K onentrtion in grin vrie from 0.423 to 0.583% (Tle 1). The highest K onentrtion in grin (0.583%) ws reore in tretment T 6, whih ws sttistilly ientil with tretments T 2, T 4 n T 3. The lowest K onentrtion in grin (0.423%) ws oserve in tretment T 1 (ontrol). The results showe tht the K onentrtion in strw ws higher thn of grin in ll tretments. The highest K onentrtion in strw ws oserve in tretment T 4 (2.387%), whih ws sttistilly ientil with tretments T 5, T 2, n T 3. The lowest P onentrtion ws reore in tretment T 1 (ontrol). 1.6 Potssium uptke y grin n strw The results inite tht the K uptke y grin n strw of STL-655 rie mutnt were signifintly ffete y the ifferent tretments (Tle 2). Potssium uptke y grin vrie from 11.76 to 23.02 kg/h. The highest K uptke (23.02 kg/h) of grin ws oserve in tretment T 6, whih ws sttistilly similr to tretments T 4, T 5, n T 2. The lowest K uptke (11.76 kg/h) of grin ws reore in tretment T 1, (ontrol). K uptke y strw rnge from 59.01 to 159.6 kg/h y the ifferent tretments. The highest K uptke (159.6 kg/h) y strw ws reore in tretment T 4, whih ws sttistilly similr to tretments T 5 n T 2. The lowest K uptke (59.01 kg/h) y strw ws oserve in T 1 (ontrol). 85
J. Environ. Si. & Nturl Resoures, 4(2): 83-87, 2011 The totl K uptke y grin n strw rnge from 70.77 to 178.77 kg/h. The highest totl P uptke (178.77 kg/h) ws otine in tretment T 4. The lowest totl P uptke ws oserve in tretment T 1 (ontrol). 1.7 Sulphur onentrtion in grin n strw The S onentrtion oth in grin n strw were signifintly influene y ifferent tretment omintions. The S onentrtion in grin vrie from 0.156 to 0.186% (Tle 1). The highest S onentrtion (0.186%) in grin ws oserve in tretment T 4, whih ws sttistilly similr to tretments T 2, T 6 n T 3. The lowest onentrtion (0.163%) in grin ws reore in tretment T 1 (ontrol). In strw, the S onentrtion lso influene signifintly ue to ifferent tretment omintions (Tle 1). The S onentrtion in strw rnge from 0.163 to 0.186%. The highest S onentrtion (0.163%) in strw ws foun in tretment T 2, whih ws sttistilly ientil to tretments T 5, T 6 n T 4. The lowest S onentrtion in strw ws foun in T 1 (ontrol), whih ws sttistilly ientil with T 3 tretment. 1.8 Sulphur uptke y grin n strw The results presente in Tle 2 inite tht S uptke y grin n strw influene signifintly ue to ifferent tretment omintions. The S uptke of grin rnge from 4.15 to 7.09 kg/h. The highest S uptke of 7.09 kg/h y grin ws foun in tretment T 4, whih ws sttistilly similr to tretments T 5, T 6, n T 3. The lowest S uptke of 4.05 kg/h ws foun in T 1 (ontrol). On the other hn, the S uptke y strw vrie from 9.54 to 12.97 kg/h. The highest quntity of S uptke (12.97 kg/h) y strw ws reore in tretment T 6, whih ws sttistilly ientil with the tretments T 5, T 2 n T 3. The lowest S uptke (9.54 kg/h) y strw ws foun in tretment T 1 (ontrol). The totl S uptke of grin plus strw vrie from 13.69 to 19.37 kg/h. The highest quntity of totl S uptke (19.37 kg/h) ws foun in tretment T 6. As expete, the lowest totl S uptke (13.69 kg/h) ws oserve in T 1 (ontrol). Tle 3. Effet of ifferent tretments on totl nutrient uptke y grin plus strw of STL-655 rie mutnt Tretments Totl nutrient uptke (kg/h) of STL-655 rie mutnt N P K S T 1 = Control (0) 53 10.87 70.77 13.69 T 2 = N 60 P 20 K 40 S 10 Zn 1 52.79 17.06 117.52 16.63 T 3 = N 80 P 25 K 50 S 15 Zn 1.5 66.05 17.34 106.16 16.61 T 4 = N 100 P 30 K 60 S 20 Zn 2 70.48 17.81 178.77 18.01 T 5 = N 120 P 35 K 70 S 25 Zn 3 68.15 17.59 141.15 17.64 T 6 = N 140 P 40 K 80 S 30 Zn 4 81.25 18.54 112.16 19.37 2. Eonomi of fertilizer use The results of prtil uget nlysis of STL -655 rie mutnt (Tle 4) emonstrte tht the highest net enefit of 53,300 Tk h -1 ws otine in T 4 followe y Tk. 52,465 n Tk 51,670 h -1 in T 5 n T 6 tretments. Another ttempt lso een me to fin out the mrginl enefit ost rtio (MBCR) ginst the tretments, whih is shown in Tle 4.10. The highest MBCR (1.017) ws otine in T 4 followe y 0.916 n 0.789 in tretment T 3 n T 5, respetively. However, the MBCR of tretments ws foun to follow the sequene T 4 > T 3 > T 5 > T 6 > T 2. This is greement with the finings of (Hque, 2002). 86
J. Environ. Si. & Nturl Resoures, 4(2): 83-87, 2011 Tle 4. Prtil uget nlysis for fertilizer use in rop proution uner Boro rie seson t BINA susttion, Stkhir Tretment Yiel(kg/h) Fert. ost Grin Strw Gross return Vrile ost Net return Mrginl gross return MBCR T 1 31155 5233 0 36388 0 36388 0 0 T 2 45600 5950 6850 51550 6850 44700 8312 1.213 T 3 52650 6573 8840 59223 8840 50383 13995 1.583 T 4 57450 6687 10830 64137 10830 53307 16919 1.562 T 5 58750 6610 12895 65360 12895 52465 16077 1.246 T 6 59250 7383 14960 66633 14960 51673 15285 1.021 Grin = 15 Tk./kg; Strw = 1 Tk./kg; N = 26 Tk/kg; P = 135 Tk/kg; K = 50 Tk/kg; S = 44 Tk/kg n Zn = 150Tk/kg, MBCR = Mrginl enefit ost rtio Conlusion Bse on the results of stuy it my e onlue tht tretment T 3 (N 80 P 25 K 50 S 15 Zn 1.5 ) is eonomilly suitle for ultivtion. However, the mrginl frmers who re unle to invest more my go for T 3 tretment n rih frmers my e vise to follow tretment T 4 whih supply lne fertiliztion s the suitle one. Referenes Gomez, K. A. n Gomez, A. A. 1984. Sttistil proeure griulturl reserh (2 n en.), John Willy n Sons, New York. 680p. Hque, D. E. 2002. Effet of Mgsr tehnique of younger seeling n wier sping on growth n yiel of orn rie, MS thesis, Dept. of Agron. Bnglesh Agril. Univ., Mymensingh, pp:28-71. Islm, M. S.; Amin, M. S. n Anwr, M. N. 1994. Integrte soil fertility mngement in Bnglesh, Pper presente t the workshop on Integrte Nutrient Mngement for Sustinle Agriulture hel t SRDI, Dhk, June, pp:26-28. Jhiruin, M.; Ali, M. S.; Hossin, M. A.; Ahme, M. U. n Hoque, M. M. 1995. Effet of Boron on grin set, yiel n some others of whet ultivrs, Bngleh J. Agril. Si., 22: 179-184. Rhoes, J. D n Lovey, J. 1990. Slinity in irrigte Agriulture. pp.1084 1142. In: Stewrt, B. A. n Neelsen, D. R. (Es.), Irrigtion of Agriulturl Crops-USA-CSSA n SSSA. Agronomy No. 30, Mison, WI. Rhmn, M. M. n Ahsn, M. 2001. Slinity onstrints n griulturl proutivity in ostl sline re of Bnglesh, Soil Resoures in Bnglesh: Assessment n Utiliztion. Rhmn, M. M.; Srker, M. N. H.; Aktr, F. M. F. n Msoo, M. M. 2005. Comprtive yiel performne of two high yieling rie vrieties to ifferent nitrogen s levels, Bnglesh J. Crop. Si., 16(1):73-78. Zye, B. A.; Elkhoy, W. M.; Sheht, S. M. n Ammr, M. H. 2007. The role of potssium pplition on proutivity of some inre n hyri rie vrieties uner newly relime sline soils, Eights Afrin Crop Siene Soiety Conferene, 27-31 Otoer, 1:53-40. 87