New concepts to prevent excursions or the consequences of excursions Frédéric BARBARESCO THALES AIR SYSTEMS FP8 Future Sky Safety Project / WP3.

Transcription

1 New concepts to prevent excursions or the consequences of excursions Frédéric BARBARESCO THALES AIR SYSTEMS FP8 Future Sky Safety Project / WP3.4 Technical Manager SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril 216

2 European Ac,on Plan European Ac,on Plan for the Preven,on of Runway Excursions Report (31/1/213) Changing Runway Condi.ons: If the runway surface becomes contaminated, it is important that the aerodrome operator has a process for promptly assessing or measuring the amount of contamina.on, or the opera.onal surface fric.on. This task should be undertaken at any,me there is a change in the nature of the contamina,on e.g. depth or type of contaminant. Informa.on to be transmi;ed: The informa,on to be transmined to the flight crew includes: The runway condi,on code for each third of the runway The type and depth of the contaminant and percentage of coverage in 25% increments The PIREPs (Pilot braking ac,on report) when available SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril 216 2

3 Update Rate/Accuracy/Forecast Adapted Update Rate of Runway Surface Condi5ons Accurate Wind Informa5on along the runway and touchdown zones New processes to provide weather/wind/runway surface condi5ons Compliance of the actual weather condi5ons and past condi5ons used for braking performance assessment SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril 216 3

4 WP3.4.1 Inventory of current developments and new ini,a,ves SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril 216

5 D3.1 Deliverables Title: Inventory of current developments and new ini,a,ves 7 pages Contributors: BECHENNEC T. (THALES AVIONICS) MAYOLLE M. (AIRBUS F) VECHTEL D. (DLR) LARROUTUROU B. (ZODIAC) BARBARESCO F. (THALES AIR SYSTEMS) SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril 216 5

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8 Weather and Airfield condi,on repor,ng Weather and airfield condi,on repor,ng are mainly provided by: Sensors: X- band Radar and Lidar (not yet available on all airports but requested by ICAO for Wind- Shear and Wake- Vortex) High Resolu.on Weather Forecast Models (Resolu,on should be improved un,l 5 m: AROME AIRPORT of Meteo- France) Mode- S Downlink (available on almost main european countries; could be replaced by ADS- B downlink of MET data) Lidar Radar SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril 216 8

9 WIND Assessment Other parameters could be assessed for runway excursion EDR (Eddy Dissipa.on Rate) => for Landing veeroff When the earths surface is heated by the sun, it will generate convec,ve EDR Average EDR value Peak EDR value (m 2/3 s - 1 ) < < >.8 27 Nil report 28 >.8 Nil report ICAO EDR Levels with respect to: Peak EDR value Average EDR value When strong wind pass over a large obstacle they create turbulence EDR1/3 (m2/3.s-1)averaged over 1 mn, no error terms (e.g. EDR monitoring: FP7 UFO trials at Toulouse Airport) altitude(m) Apr : EDR1/3 1:32 11:3 12:29 13:27 14:26 15:24 16:23 17:21 18:

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14 2-3 mins prior to landing: ()$*#+'>)14#23'!,$-&.,$/'P13-&2.,$'',$'$3`6'SV'5&$)63/' Uplink of Predicted Runway Surface Conditions in 3 mins Downlink of Stopping distance Selection of Exit Taxiway (_[D?a'!=[b?F9[?[b' b='ci'e=(i!?>big'sv'f9[_bi>' cie=(i'b?[g9[d' w!)d(:,'2&g)e7)x#$"(g)<"%.:(k)$1)-#&g:+2&g) Y&'23&#?Y:(G?5"(6'7)S"#1'+&)]$(G:,$(9B) w!)t.:l32)]#&6)#&9%$(g9)<!9,f',$()$#) ]$F%"2',$()$1)S2$%%:(L)[:92'(+&B) w!)*j]c)f'g&)'6'#&)23'2)&8:2):9)':#e$#(&):(2&(g&g) w!)5c**s)<5"(6'7)c4&##"()*6'#&(&99)v)*.&#,(l) S792&F9B))6:..):(9"#&)S'1&27)1$#)i('.).'(G:(L) FOR AIRCRAFT NON EQUIPED WITH OPTIMIZED BRAKING SYSTEMS, STOPPING DISTANCE COULD BE COMPUTED BY GROUND SYSTEM Accurate, predicted Stopping Distance and exit now available for use by AMAN/ DMAN and ASMGCS S*T!JU)V)TWJW5!)SXU) Airborne and Ground Systems share identical data >A)'4#:.)A@>R) >Z)

15 Runway Contaminant Prediction & Wind along Runway (feasibility study) Cumulative Rain 3 minutes prior before landing Rain Rate Retrieval around the airport Radar covering Airport Area Water Level probes if installed on runways Rain gauges data deployed around the airport Cumulated Rain Forecasting Cumulative Forecast Rainfall based on data in 1 minute increments for periods up to 3 minutess /1 hour ahead Forecast reliability by the supply of data from rain gauges/ Water level probes (calibration) Runway Contaminant Forecasting (usability of STAC Water Depth Prediction model) 3D map of Runway defined by Laser scanning instrument Run-off model based on cumulate rain and runway slope Wind Monitoring for the last 1 m in altitude X-band Radar Data from Météo-France Vertical Wind Profiler from Leosphere Anemometers mast along the runway Probes/Sensors ingested Prediction System Cumulative Rainfall Forecast for 3 mn Ahead SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

16 Cumulate Rain Prediction for the next 3 minutes Sequence of Weather Radar Rain Clouds Forecasting For the next 3 minutes and Current Image 16

17 Cumulate Rain Prediction for the next 3 minutes Sequence of Weather Radar Rain Clouds Forecasting For the next 3 minutes and Current Image Rain Clouds Forecasting For the next 3 minutes and Image 3 minutes after 17

18 Collaboration with METEO-France: Use of «Lame d eau» Data Product (Cumulate Rain for the next 3 minutes Airport X-band Radar (CDG & Nice) Radar Rain Rate better spatial coverage & accuracy than rain gauges network SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

19 pluvios Correction of Radar data with Rain gauges data Time at half size Sum of hourly Cumulate Gauge Rain rate for time t on Dp C Memory H p ( i, j) t= 2 t= M p = t= t/ Tp 2 t= M p t/ T R p P t, D t, D p + p + C C C Rap p Rap p Hp-1 ( i, j) Sum of hourly Cumulate Gauge Rain rate for time t for pixel matched with Rain Gauge Spatial Resolution: 5 m (objective: 25 m for airport) Development of probabilistic model: error associated to cumulate Rain rate Quality analysis: to be indexed with the statistical error. SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

20 LEOPARD Project of Météo-France (weather X-band Radar for CDG Airport) Operational Product at CDG: - Wind on 15 km/8 km at elevation 3 - dbz on 15 km/8 km at elevation 3 - Windshear on runway at elevation 3 - Vertical Profil of Wind along runway : (5 km long x 4 km Altitude) SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril 216 2

21 DGAC/STAC Contribution Method Cross fall Long. slope Macrotexture Rutting Numerical map Water accumulation areas Rain intensity Wet? Slippery wet? Water depth Wet? Standing water? SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

22 Ground Runway Excursion Alert & Warning System (Safety) Analytics Tool to extract Pattern for Ground Runway Overrun Awareness & Alerting Systems Description The objective is first to consolidate THALES database on Runway information for CDG Airport: Air Traffic Data (Landing final speed & trajectories, wheels ON time, braking distance); Aircraft/Flight Data (weight, span, ); Runway Data (layout, Exit positions, contaminant, friction coefficient, ); Weather Data; THALES will develop Analytics tool to extract Patterns of inter-correlations between these elements: Braking Distance and Runway Exit indexed by aircraft weight, wheel ON point, head wind and runway contaminant, aircraft characteristics SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

23 Data Analysis Air Traffic Data Aircraft/ Flight Data Data Filtering Look-Up Tables Runway Exits Management Decision Support System (Capacity) Runway Data Weather Data Contaminant Data DEEP LEARNING Machine Learning (Pattern Discovery) Predictive (Forecasting, Rules) Prescriptive (Simulation, What-If) Descriptive (Statistics, Historical) Reporting (Scoreboard, Metrics) Handling (Visualization, Display) Correlation Tables Model Fitting Real Time Data Stream Ground Runway Excursion Alert & Warning System (Safety) SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

24 Data Correlation Analysis Interdependencies and models could be elaborated based on big data analytics Air Traffic Data (Landing& Take-Off speed & trajectories,!) Aircraft/Flight Data (weight, span,!) Runway Data (layout, Exit positions, contaminant, cross fall, long.slope, macrotexture, rutting, friction coefficient,!) Weather Data (from Met Office, Radar/Lidar Sensors) Momentum (speed x Weight) versus ROT Probability of ROT per aircraft type SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

25 THALES BIG DATA CDG AIRPORT Existing Data-base (SESAR P12.2.2), Paris-CDG Airport (6 months recording) 1 aircrafts recorded on CDG North-West Closely spaced parallel runway SQL Structured Database mixing and correlating: Traffic data (ADS-B, Mode-S) Flight Data (aircraft code, aircraft type, aircraft weight MLW,!) Weather Data (Météo-France CDM 95) Database Future Extension: FP8 Project «Future Sky Safety: Runway Excursion» Head/Tail/Cross Wind and EDR (Eddy Dissipation Rate) along runway -! Rain Rate and Runway contaminant (radar rain rate/run-off model calibrated with Water-Level gauge) -! Braking distance (Braking deceleration, speed at wheel-on) SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

26 Update of CDG Data base Data Base -! flight have been recorded -! 7936 flights in rainy conditions SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

27 Predictive Braking Distance & Exit Taxiway Runway Exits SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

28 2 1 FDX5238 A :11:17 ROT : 53.2 sec Time (s) y (m) 2 1 MSR799 A :21:34 ROT : 28.6 sec Time y (m) (s) 2 1 FDX511 B77L :24:34 ROT : 54.5 sec Time (s) x (m) AFR145 A :37:31 2 ROT : 37.5 sec x (m) EZY93HP A :19:36 2 ROT : 28.9 sec x (m) ICE542 B :21: ROT : 36.2 sec Time (s) y (m) 1-1 y (m) Time (s) Time (s) AFR185 x (m) A :47:55 2 ROT : sec SWR6W -1 F x (m) 15:51:51 2 ROT : sec y (m) Time (s) x (m) Time (s) Estimation of Runway Occupancy Time (and soon of Braking distance) SAFETY FUTURE SKY 12 avril

29 THALES AVIONICS To develop a prototype that provides to the pilot all information for approach phase preparation (predictive mode > 15 feet) Landing assessment The activities will be shared as follows: Identify existing solutions which improve runway overrun systems based on runway contaminant detection automatically transferred to the aircraft. Define the feasibility of a global solution, based on ground/on board systems collaboration, for an improved runway overrun protection In coordination with ground system, develop an application to: Improve pilot awareness of runway contaminant (with 3 min predictions) on a tablet Integrate the application on PC environment (no integration within The Link environment) Short final: ROAAS alert for go-around On Runway: ROAAS alert for deceleration Propose assessment of the estimated braking condition ot better anticipate potential alerting from the ROAAS safety net. 29

30 THALES AVIONICS Landing assessment Technical solution : The solution simulates onboard use of destination runway friction information reported by ATC It is based on : Predictive solution hosted on an EFB tablet connected to avionics system : Approach parameters coming from FMS (ground speed, weight, etc ) Meteorological parameters of destination airport coming from weather system Runway friction parameters Flight crew performs a verification of landing capability before TOD on EFB tablet which presents the forecast runway contaminant (3 minutes prediction) SAFETY FUTURE SKY 3

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