MOSAiC Science Implementation The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate
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1 MOSAiC Science Implementation The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate MOSAiC Coordination Team M. Shupe. 13 March 2016
2 MOSAiC Plan Drifting, interdisciplinary process study in central Arctic (1 st -year) sea ice: , annual cycle Central Arctic Basin ice pack 1) Central observatory: intensive atmos-ice-oceanecosystem observations 2) Distributed Network: Heterogeneity on model grid-box scale 3) Coordinated, multi-scale analysis & modeling activities, Links with YOPP
3 Multiscale Design Full Annual Cycle Coupled-system Interactions Spatial Variability
4 Central Observatory Atmospheric remote sensing Radiosondes Air sampling Ocean profiling/adcp Laboratories for analysis (biological, chemical, etc.) Base of operations Safety Data/sample storage Polarstern Icebreaker From Alfred Wegener Institute, Germany
5 Central Observatory
6 CO: Ice Camp Limited access zone Snow surveys / ice optics / mass balance Low atmosphere Surface energy budget Snow / precip Sea-ice properties Gas exchange Ocean profiling Ocean heat fluxes Ocean/ice samples Ocean Small CTD Turbulence Net sampling ROV 90 o Contaminated turbulence zone Power line (~500m) Met City Turbulence ARM Radiation Met tower Ice Hut snow Ocean flux SEBS ITP IMB ICE CORE FARM Snow surveys / ice optics / mass balance + ice sites at different ice types Buoy Node
7 Distributed Network Enhanced coupled-system: >5 nodes, 15km, (ocean profiling, ice mass balance, ocean and atmos heat fluxes) Coupled-system: 5-40 km (upper ocean, ice mass, met) Ice deformation: 1-40 km (gps) Spatial mapping: UAS, glider, AUV, helicopter, scanning Periodic visits for ocean/ice sampling & maintenance Larger-scale network: pan- Arctic network of surface pressure buoys
8 Measurement Requirements Needed to address the science questions & objectives outlined in the MOSAiC Science Plan. (* provide enhanced impacts) Described according to disciplines, but implemented in an interdisciplinary design across the Central Observatory, Distributed Network, and beyond.
9 Atmosphere ABL/Atmos Structure: 4-times daily sondes, 10-20m met. Tower, UAV Dynamics: Doppler lidar, sodar Clouds/precip: Radar, lidar, IR/microwave, gauges, etc. Aerosols: Air sampling of CN, CCN, composition, IN* Major investments: DOE ARM Program (US);TROPOS Institute (Germany)
10 Atmosphere Surface Energy Budget: Radiation, turbulence, remote stations, UAV, satellite Opportunistic*: Lead energy budget Aircraft campaigns*: radiation, clouds, aerosols, airmass transitions Large-scale: Links with land stations, other ships*, pressure buoy array*
11 Sea-Ice and Snow Surface type distribution: Manual and aerial surveys, vis/ir cameras, SAR Ice thickness / snow depth: IMBs, manual surveys, EM surveys Thermodynamics, mass, freshwater: IMBs, Radiative properties/optics: Radiometers, albedo surveys, ROV
12 Physical properties: snow pits / ice cores Deformation: GPS bouy array, SAR Roughness/topography: AUV sonar Opportunistic*: Lead, ridge, pond processes Large-scale*: Satellites, aircraft campaigns Sea-Ice
13 Ocean Ocean structure: heat, salinity/freshwater, periodic deep ocean profilers, frequent upper ocean, CTD profiling Heat flux: flux buoys Dynamics: ADCP, turbulence mast/profiler Spatial transects: Gliders Opportunistic*: Lead structure, ocean surface Large-scale*: Pan-Arctic network of ocean profilers
14 Biogeochemistry Carbon: CO 2, CH 4, CO Sulfur: DMS, DMSO Nitrogen: N 2 O, NO x Sampling: Air intake, ice/snow samples near and away from ship, Rosette Trace Gases: GC analysis, and flux measurements Photochemistry: halogen/mercury cycle Radionuclides: 7 Be, 222 Rn, 210 Po
15 Ecosystem Profiling, ocean/ice sampling: Oxygen, chl-a, nutrients, DOM, POC, PN, BSi, Chl-a, flow cytometry, light,. Primary production: carbon/nitrogen uptake, oxygen release Particle fluxes: UVP, sediment traps, 234 Th Plankton: Rosette, net hauls Opportunistic*: Sampling at leads Transects*: Sampling via re-supply vessels
16 Intensive Operation Periods (tentative) Arctic Haze (late winter early spring 2020): Coordinated aircraft campaign for atmos. chemistry and radiation. Spring bloom (May 2020): Linking increase light to productivity Lead Processes (Opportunistic): Heat fluxes, dynamics Melt Season (May-Sept 2020): Events, melt pond distribution, surface type transects, etc. Freeze up (Sept 2020): Heat release through ocean and ice surfaces
17 Many opportunities for engagement. Thanks!
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