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1 )U k/ >9!0?;?F " /2/2 :e'q. o') //7 :S' o') -DU!*I. A s` ~' Z, S TM*S/ 6) U` ' EPCM W.! [!{)*!,?O ).! W. ~' S/ 6) *U` u?_! DM [' T F4F3 ['0 Š! E!! W. -'4)*I.?O ) TDD! D,{) 4H, T@4 w 5_ 4/ O/ S TDM T x` W. A q 4! x'>) M g4 [' *4) +0. A3 TZ*D D TD D! [D) DrZD?@.S M T?U! [')J U *( T) *TDF D Ž4D! Db* T [0a.S ) A, A [ U [!y) D D TD SD! 4D! DM!4 4M.4! -E0!!, I. T!c 3(EPC) M ['.0! M4EU} - y E Z y Š 4@ s7/ +Dw0) 4DO D D' D D TD 2'HD) *D?? [D T4 3?/ g4 )2'HD) TDE DD! Dw 4O I.!, 'H T T?@4O.!!4D f'd*d D T*TE d, *S/ 6) *U` TM:?- 6l.. Mehdi-nrz-365@yahoo.com.! >A- +}3\ o- 2

2 )U k/ >9!0?; 22 DM (DM 4D! *S0DO D D D! D, Da. +D! TDM DI' (D D' EPC TDM D' S/D 6D) *DU` TDM SD.! Engineering Procurement construction)?!d D TDM 0DO D > T ` '! T! ) WD. T@*H! A?! T? I.!, Z,! 2 HDE TD) D!, -D!4 D, 4D [', [' R.0! TDS, nc_), -OU [' +,+,.,! )7IH! *w *DU`-DU!!D) D D (order)5e!, 4 2 TI. Š4D! 2«, )» M ['.qf I. T '/ S/ 2D Z DD! D/ WD. *D?, ~' /3 z'!, ' [D' 2D*4) +0. A3*A4 T!,{) S'0!.0,! S 5'> _! k*. *2*Tm4 > '0O M S0DO D4. A>D.!-I e [' S [' TW.!) z'e) SD -DU![D'[')J U, M '. T?U!, S Z! *k4eu f'd T!0HD_ T ) A F4F3 +'v.+ M 4! «~'»?? [ E! EPC T.!4 Ff9?!+f=0 x)uf kf/ xb'?j@@( ;D- (?P_-) 3; 7P, DD! EPC TDM l4c/ xe) [' X g4b4!, ' Z F'@ Nv +'v M [' 4` S Am DM [D' O4CD/ -D? [ ) 4b4! E! FZ 4 '0.+'v )U k/ xb'?j@@( ;D-- D 4D/ R, E! E0! R M z) M!

3 )U k/ >9!0?; fd Da. D0O! lc/ Z -?). )a. + Z S! / 4 p) > M g4b4! g4*@ HD0! 4D0 D DM D TDM HD0! HD 40C! [')+w! D! D 'D/c 4D SD? D D! 4HD,.SD SHD. r '4) D! 4DM TD! qd DD! 7D, TDM D t! D0! 4 TD SD!) D@4 D!!D» :D! 4D0 f'd D? (4DO[D0a! [) T(T4@ S' R'4CD) ND. D) TD![D'Z*D T ` Ž4! TM!4 D'D! 7D '@ TF Am - 4 J Z ' { 380//4o') J [.0! Z S' u ˆ4! '@ TF ud 2_! D, EPC 4Dw0!.D' 7D!0HD_ 4DO D EPC TDM *DI. ~D', S ['! (Engineering Procurement construction) D D WD. ~' S/ >) mz [! '/ *U` u?_! -U! g4d [D' D ŠD0,D! T +? D) D!, S / -!, 4`, W.?, z' I. 43 Š4! 2«S?,» 0' «, )» M! [!{) T2ˆ 0) *!,!!, -'4)!Z 4O.S I. T +! [!{)* EPCFg4. TD?, D!, DZ, 'W.» :! ^ EPC 2') [03«>» DU ~D' xd'` T RC S/ 6) *U` T Am!/.'![!{) 'q.s 4!.SD EPCTM 4) T! A3 4M ' 5'>D 4w0! S ' u ˆ4! S *4) A3 T! 4M 3T! -MDU DD I' Tq'! TW. ` H_r T!Z, - Tony Gibbs assessment of turnkey contracts, for realization of capital works projects, Genève fidicedition, 200, No, page

4 )U k/ >9!0?; TDI. TM ' «S?,» TM ` O -3 D 4! 390(, 4) T! +0. 4M [0a.0, 2 0.S M [' J W. T@ > S M 4H,, EPCTM T?,!! w 4DM D@! 40 Z «.!4 f'» T!0H_,!@ D3 S@mAm!0H_ Z,!4 T ` 4/ 4! O4C/ T5_ f4), EPCTM.S Tb Am 4M [' t! '0 4/ [ % ;D Silver Book?J@@( 0 % --2 D*~D'Y? 4HD, D D, 4D HD! 0!?? [ 4:~' «~'D» N{) ( ,.4 Tq0. Z N'4 4yD D@ 4HD, 73bU (U.S e! [' q TI Z > T! S/ f)! 7, 0 «~'» 2.00,! ICC5E 0! S/ T -? [ ) k4eu + «~'» 5E.! m, ) EPC@ >D/?>9 /?J!N 0 >9!0?;-2 D 4D/! I0'!.S ) Ž4E -? I' T 3 D' S ) Ž4E T? [')(4! T.![ ), :4 :. +3;!3 =D AA>W23.!\$». K2"L =$9 -.38! =387 =3 OA- X A; 5A` =«$ Ow +: =: =0 IJ =O A4 =$B.!>4 =?A>W23. +; Kv 3>G = C =378 =@> =393: =3 + = =H\3 IJ =\$ >- -$ K2"3 =[9-3.23C

5 )U k/ >9!0?;.Z! S w E ) -IH) [`, T x'` [' TDM:D0'D! TD0+ DE) DI?) TD T M DE T! ' S, A, *Z S/ 6) *U` (WD. ~' S/), ~' A I. A s` ~' Z, S T > M [' I?) T0@ 4)! Z 4! / SM.'! ) ) *E r ' Š 4@ I?) T E + E) )'.. 4)! S 2! / 4! ['.S ) E œ4! ) ŠS.D' D4D?@... S@*M4EU SC_ '* M*c*~?) -I 4/ g4d D) *DEt0! D ŠS ) T/ 4)! > ~?) ['0 83 T! E u')! 4M.S N0@... S@ *c *~?) S D' ~D' -E! 2 03 ' ~' I0' S E» :! 40! 4M 4)! u') [', T'.«(4M 4!, 0' T! ) F' 2 03 >D ~D?) 4 40 ', U ŠS I?) 4E -!, S [' S D@ zdz*([d! [) 4H! 0! TE, S ) 4 *(?, ) 4!,)4O 4! >D ~?) 4 E?O r [` T ) ' EPCTM (U D.!4D f'd 53T! 50. 4@ M [' r 40!D) *SDb4DO D?! S' 0,! ) I.» :S ' 40 D!Z D!, ~D?) Sb4O Z P >) j C!, D S D XD r l_d D S D D D D4 u ˆ4! I..S EPC E TY' *I. f4) ~?)! ['.«SZ (4!*-'c Ž x E) ŽH! >«~' TE d,» E!7 T!70 :'Z!!, ~?) W..-'4), I.,! (u.20 C =39=; + 25 = =H [\ IJ =+E k K! =!3G -

6 )U k/ >9!0?;.' S' >) /, SM I.,! (d D' k4deu D, SD [' 4! H! M [', 2'ˆ 2) g4d D! DD! AD SDb4O S' N.?U!?U! ~?) q! A I' 4O, -'4) N. ~?) *?? [ f'd T!0HD_ *S/D 6D) *U` TM I?) T0@ l4c/ xde! ~D?) D) Z AD ND. D, D )) s` *.!4 SD `4! /, >) T?, 6) ) u ˆ4! I..4! -E0! SI! *!, f4) Z S/. l4c/ Z Sb4O T) N. 4! TM rz ' 4)! 'Z*M g4 [' 4 S T@ M [' NU xu b! b -V! -DM >D M [' 6 b NU xu*b! b! w DI. *D.!4 f' T!0H_ 53T! 50 4 ~' ' ŠS@, S Z T'4! [' 0, ~?) (4!*Sb4O S' S u ˆ4! SD' D) D4)D! I. q ~?) xu *Sb4O [!, 4! NU xu [I ŠS NU xu! [' T4/ ~?) *! 5 D0.D udm4) xu ) T@ I. T?U!, DI. [D s7d/ 4D!» :SD D DE!.!4 f' 32T! 4D0 \D D 4! T! x`? T! u ˆ4! I. *!, D sd` DI0' F!, '5_ ', -, x'4) ' um4) xu 4/ TM ) ' >!, *s7/ f'.00, x4) TF' T4 ' ŠS EPCT ` S! 4 ' S?.«0, -! T! x` Z f4) EPCTM ['), m4 _! *k*.*s2 '0O qd D4/D! D4. TCDM!4 +w 4?! T ` 4! E0! )U TC0! Z, ` ['?t) R ' I.!, s7/.4!!@ s` ' R z) W. um4) *! Sq. S 26

7 )U k/ >9!0?; )U >9!0?;)J-3 Dk4DEU T. s7/ k4eu [ T S! 4! -D ~D' D! EU (E ' ~?) *) g4b4!, T4! E! SD Am D00,D'{) 'HD T Z x E) T, S ` ~' M4EU SD 'ym - ~' zo EU (E ' ~?) R@4! ) T2', )4O Z +? D) D, [D![ +? ):0!.! 'H T Z x E),. ) T2' CM! 03 Š! ) Ž4E R 2 ~D' DF' TD. D M4EU}? T *) T. D' SD DE M4DEU -D 4CDE! 00, j'c) IZ *(M4EU) 'ym - 3 TDM SD! T T, S [' k4eu 4H! (4M.gE'.S D! T D' -D'm D S/D 6) *U` TM! w : 4@ Z M E f'!) S TM SD? T*tM -'4) 0', '. ) '!, I. *M[` ''. M*[` ~' F I ' (7 4O.0 TM * 68TD! D0 A4D S DM.4DD! [I!D} D D TD D D TD TD2 T T0, R I. (7 ' F I.! *D!, f4) Z +? ) I. s`, -'4) T, )2'H) f' D D TD sd` D 'HD CM A> S ' E! [ 0E! T4.! -DU! AD) ND. SD ud?i! DI. *D.!4D f' 58T! 27.2 C =+E k K! =!3G -.76C =386 = =OJ IJ =OJ A4 =\$ >- -$ K9 = -2.34C =335 =3 + = =O IJ =] A4 = K2"3 = -3

8 )U k/ >9!0?; TD5D. TD!Z ) A. g4b4! *, RC / HD! D TD5D.? 5'!Z A! T! R)! D? H'!Z!, H!!, 0' 4yU g7`!,!, H! '{) N.. 4/!, U ) A T5., T5.?*T5. T, 4!Z 0! *0' 40!, 0'!, H! 4yU S!, g7` R'4C) z7m D A7D D nm4d N. )/.4! A I. T? D TD TD DU!Z, II! -I) 4*!, H! T4 [!{D) *DI. *II! -I) 4 O N..! O!, T? gd*td ND. D'D! SD4/ TD TD D!, ) TDI? 4D! TD5'D!Z N. 4! S4/ TI? T5'!Z.'!!, SM4! -'4) S4/ I. *, T n_h! Z D' ŠS D DI. T4D d' 4 4)! SM4! -'4) S4/ D' TD M [` I' S4/ d'.s Am d' f'!) I. > EPCT. f' 60T!.+'4 u') (M) M4EU t.d!!, S T ', -'4) 0! 4/ T 4/ 'H œ I. ' ŠS H CM z0 t! S4/ [' D D`4! TDHDE D A T5'!Z Ž4! 6!!) D D!!, (4M S4 I. d' +? ) N..0,! +? )!, D' ND. D0'!, H! S H CM > (4M[' TD Z D!Z D, D T' 4 0` (4CU, -!, TD D, 4D D' SD [I!.0,! A7!, R)! *SM4!-'4) M4DEU Dr. M4EU r ', S«E» A T4@4! *(4M d' [ U 4, [!y) TZ S 3!, (4M, -'4) I. d' Db (E[0a.S E [' T*) A T!Sb, A.S (4M d' [' rz 4)!!, I. W. Sˆ2U 5TD4! D!, *D, mi 4!, H! A7 N. 28

9 )U k/ >9!0?; *D!, D0' 4yU T *SM4! -'4) T I. S4/! HD! D!, D0'.D'D! [) W. -! I.!, H! S D, ' [b bu -! E! 4! I. k2)!, TD >0! D?@4O Ty!.0'! AM SM4! -'4) T?@4O +w0) D T*SM4! -'4) x E) y! [',! w S!, (4M N., - tm -'4) n'e -M T4!.'! xe) EPCM D) -DI) DI. D D) 4D0 ' -4! A SM4! -'4).'! xe) SM4! -'4) T?@4O Ty!?O ) A S!4D f'd 6TD! 5 D0 * T xe) I. ) ud ˆ4! I. *. g4b4!? SM4! -'4) N.» :S ' E!. PD/ *4D/ SDM4! ID T-! ) **, 3 S S DM ' 4! > 4/ x?! j C! 4! 4 / mz[! *SDM4!-D'4) D AM 4/ SM4! {), 3 D D! [' x` mz[! P/, 3 T2ˆ I. *SDM4!-D'4) N?!4O Ty! A ), 4!! 4['.!, 6) u ˆ4! T ['0 Š! fm I. ) k/ >9!0?; )J v"/ )U xd` F [`? x4) T >«TE d,» E! D, D! -».D 4/ RUC)!, f4) l/ f' `, *0T!.SD D D D! Z RUCD) -I) Ut! E! M x`, -MDU SD udˆ4! DI. O, T RUC) 4,! -2 RUCD) D!Z -I) I. 4/ w, I0' -M 4! sˆ D.D' TDbE) RUCD) 4D ~' O!, T!7 x'` 5_ T -I[ 4)! I. + E) '5_, 29

10 )U k/ >9!0?; 4/? T I. *![' +0!.«' RUC) 4 TbE), D) A> '!, T d' ['.'! A7!,, -'4) T DI' *I. TbE) S' N. 28! sˆ S u ˆ4!!,.'! : A ' 4! 5D_ D', Z, _'), O I. T RUC) 4 -».',c -I) M xt! nde D T -I. ', T, ' be) -'m,c -2 uˆ4! S U [' I..0, n_h! A -RUC) 4 O I! T, S jb.«' -I) ' ['!7 ~' O -M S >D 4 [' O '! xe) RUC) 4 *«~'» E! D!, D'D! 4D [D' O d' I. ' ŠS E ') (4M d', [` 'H T x4).0, ' (4M Z 4)! 4HD! TD!«~'» E! (7/ (, A 4) M4EU r ' T dd,» 0TD! 2D0 4D@ Dw [D' D'{), TF' (m.s TD DI. T T M4EU - T.S«TE T>D@» :S E! [', U ŠS!, f4), RUC) DM I0' F! M 2 4! ' RUC)!, f4) ',.«M [` SE4! 4! ' M Ž ' c* M (4CU» :! 40,! 4M 374T! s7/ D«TE d,» E! Š«0, M*c! 4)! TH! S DI. T S -'M(EPC) T T, TM S! S? 4D0 TDE dd, DE! TD! 9 D0.D! Ž T T o'd) D,c D I? 4!,,! ) I. ) -»:! D) A 4 S uˆ4!!,. 4_ E?) A I O - condition of contract for EPC and Turnkey contracts, Washington, heriout Watt University, 202, No, article 0. 30

11 )U k/ >9!0?;?O7 ' R'! A7 T! TyE o') ['/Z N. 28! sˆ D D R'!, 5'!Z, ' [!{) 0?, I. IZ N. 4D D'0 DO DI? 4D JD [' x`!,.' O * 4D Z O M 0 [' x`, _') N. +H S JŒ I? SG D! udm4) S' T,.! [' x` 0b.«4! E?) O S T >0! I? 4 0).S(-M}*I? 4 O!, D'ZD! D TDE dd, D2! D, 4D` q.4! d4!, e'q. T Ž *SM4! -'4)?@4O +w0) «.!4 f'», 4 TDb D D TD x E) T ) A ' I? 4 O*S Dr - 0) EPC M, + )2'H) TE ' T S.S )2'H) [03 g4m*) A kf/ >D 0-5 )U Ž4E R! n_ T? (4! 4` ) A*!4 S/. 4'! n_ T? H [', S Am [I S ) D3 S >'@ + 4'!} R@ [' T2'» :! 4M 267T! x` >@! T0@, )) [0a.«@ 4'! s` D TD >D DF' n_ T4 ) A! Ž, )4O.4! d4! 4D/ sd` D' D) DD! Dw S/ 6) *U` TM xd` XD r l_d D DI. T4D D. TqD D' Š4 A I. ['D0 Š4DD! D, DI. TD0, R«.!4 f'» 68 T! M Z! T? S '! fe, )) ' EPCTM, A) S G! > 33T!.S Ž, A T! 4 A D*A SD I. 0* ` 0! T? A!/ D DZ 0,, ( S G! T S I. T 3

12 )U k/ >9!0?; A SD DI. D!, T@, H_ 4)! I.. 4D A?O I. f4) ' CE SM4! -'4)! ' q dd_ TD S_D )2'HD) D' ŠSD TCM (4E! *! ['.S (G! f'd SU7O T I. S [ ' 5_ '[) I. SD qdr{) d_ I. '4) ) nc_) q 4O l/ DI. 4D/ fd4) ' > ) q Š0'>! 67! } E ) A '> zm:sd D' D DI.! A> >«TE d,» E! TqD xdu [D` ~' \»:S ' 40 E! [' ~' T! 7 0 F! X r n_ Z -OU 4 ' 0! 4 ' M H_ ' A) Dr M -` X r n_ f4), A q ŠF' s` 'U7O?M x4).«s M4EU :S,{), A I.! j'o 4` > 6T! 80 ) T T, Z )!, T@ U` (4` I.» *S' *6) *T>'! T -!,! S uˆ4! S w D, D O_ f4) '! ['.'[!{), 5'!Z *S''! *D? D S D >D SD AD (DU ) Z, T4H, S 4w0!, U t/ 4U T4?@ Te * 4! 40 e + q.0, 5 T! A, [ t! 5_S'b T@ *Z D?? [D TD4 D0' TDE d, + EPCT.!4 f' ) A S Ž! 4M 268 T! x` - A I.!.S F A T*F' I. f4) >'4D) RD*TDF' f4) T A!, Tb so S ' D2Tc M T A > I. 4/ ) A.S 0! I.!, S'b ) A T X r n_ S / S.6=3C =OJ A4 =\$ >- -$ K9 = - 32

13 )U k/ >9!0?; c{! ~! [0a S? A> *! 4M 269T! x`! f'.d M4EU SC_ EPC I. S Am.S ) 4! S/. T 4! k2) F I ' (7, M4EU SC_ S *S? [ D D@4) D [0a.S M 4! 68T! ~' 0 A4 S M TD!04 T I. [ EPCI. S Am I0' 7D. E! T M '. ) ' Ž [' 4 d_, A!4 `, D EPCTW. I. S?, TF'!*Z S 0,, T?/! 0! 4M E! S40! 0,! / -(p 4D! 4! [' A S d4c! 7!! 37TD! 7 D0.4DD! DM 7Dt R Z s7/ *S ) S? A D, 0,! A7 I.» :S ' E! 4['«!4 f' T!0H_» d4cd! 7!! S 0,, T?/! 0! 4M (4H!*. E M4! 4D -D` 4!!, T Z s7/, )4O.S 337 D A T, tm -'4)! *,[-'4) 4w0!!, *. *D, A [ U [y). ) A [y)*.0,! 7 I. 7t R U S? E ['.! >' >/ d U fb D, )4O g7`!, R)!, S u?i! I. 4! ).«! '. M!, 4H 4M! D,{) M '. ) I. S? A> >«~'» TE d, E!!!,» :S ' 40 E! Z 5T! 20 5S M.S -0! ' 4 N?2! ' I I., S T4! M +.«4 O? +IU ~' ' T» :, S [',{) Z! 4M 269T!, TF' g4b4! DI..D c{! ' ~!!, T>3!, S [' Ž40! u ˆ4! [0a Š0, (, )!, A, >) j C! ' T4D D/ D' TD t! D D 4!, S 33

14 )U k/ >9!0?; '4F_. S G! F 4C! *. g4b4! T, -/ k4eu UO TD, D Ž) Sr k4eu UO / ' ' e! [' 6 b M.S T *. g4b4!.! 0 5 g/ xu?@ xu T*!0)N 0 >D/!- := v"/ 0-6 sd` D, D, D D' [' n_ ' ['»:! 4M 27T! x`.«m xu z4m,, ' '{) S, I. +'4 40 z7m,4` > S/ 6) *U` TM R)! *!Z, RC / -U! A) ) A N. S u ˆ4! D!, 0' 4yU g7` S 4M T0',!, H! WD. *HD! D'{) N. 0, be) T5. 5'!Z!, H! D!, HD! *D!, D0' 4yDU T A) N..' T D) DM 4DD! ADM D?@4O +w0) S *W. -! I. 2.4! E?) ' xe)!, S W. I. W. S/ ) I.!, * EPCM,! C/ D!, D0' I. f4) (?@4O +w0)) 2'H) ` z'.'! D?? [ E!.! E?) A*) (!, T0'*!, H!) S DM D, 4` ' -'4)!, ', A >«TE d,» dt/, 4O I. s` *RUC) TbE) 2'H) jb4) -M D.0,! O Z, RUC) 4 28! sˆ!, A7!, D*2'HD) AD -DM D' D!, * T TM - condition of contract for EPC and Turnkey contracts, Washington, heriout Watt University, 202, No, article 9, section 3.!:\:>3 9`B >- G!@ = 7D U 4.# -2 b`: EPCOd +9. > B +3; = 23 = =380//4

15 )U k/ >9!0?; ud ˆ4! DI. *RUC) 4 O N..' RUC), I. S'b SD DM4! 4DO RUC) 4, ', T?, T! x` S 4,qD! d4d! TD, TD?, D!, -'4) A 0!! sˆ AD D SD D [D) M, R'! S?! '. ) RUC) 4 0D TD?, S uˆ4! *R'! 4/ ) - N. I.. [D' D -D'4) D!, ) H'!Z A R ( 6! ['D/Z ND. 28D! sˆ, A 4 S uˆ4!!, 4O [!{) 0?, I. IZ N.?O7 ' R'! A7 T! TyE o').! E?) T 0 T >0!, A 4 ['.' O*4 )U >9 0?; >D/ jfyf-7 4D0 D!, az S Am 4 T!! T!c I0' T SD D' [D) D) 4! 40 E az 0,! +? ) ) T2'. xt0! D. d43d3 DI. ) *EPCT.!4 f' 24 T! D, AD) AD *,D' A4 >) j C! [!{) *0!!/ :-! T5'!Z A*T*RC*/*'/ *U` T 4! 0!/ M 0 C_H! HE J. g4b4!, -'4) -I) *TI? g4db4! 4D0 D Z ', M T@ I. )?, 4`.! :S-'c S T.S T, N [!{) 0! *U` T, - /D mz[! *C! j C! 4! * T [!{)*, >) -2 kd*dz*d?/ TD(DE -EA) SM4! j C! {) g4 >._ - condition of contract for EPC and Turnkey contracts, Washington, heriout Watt University, 202, No, article. 35

16 )U k/ >9!0?;.RC /? A-3.!,, -'4) -I) TI? T5'!Z A T-4.!, 0,, e4!z T0 (E-5 D, SD D' D,{) EPCTDM!4D f' *) 4! A. A 0! s x` 0! U` ' I. 4 (G! I. * EPCT.!4 f' 25T! x` D D TD T?U! ) 7` 0 6! 0 4, M0) D WD. D' Z D, EPCDM I. [0a.! (D0,*S''D!(!!, -'4)«S?,»!Z 4O D'@ TDe [D D, D S G D!!, jo T@ w [!{D) D. x`, SH. S2,, T4, 4) S' R0!. 0, SD Ž (4M d' T?U! fe 4), M ' s7/ *D@ T?U!, 4) *-C! + ), EPCTM D0' I. F' ) l4c/.s Ž26T! M x` ) '. ) DM CD_H! xd` ) [' ' 29T! x` > >) j C! [!{) x` W.,' A4 >) j C! S u ˆ4! I. [0a. A - 4D JD Am TD! f' >) TF (4O.4H Z Z, 0, TF T4 D! D D?, [![ ) g4b4! *! 4M 279T! x` D4)D + S d4! z, T [I 0, 2' Z T7 S 4! -D'4), T '!?, ), )4O s 4M!. H xe! T -!*N0@ ['0. 4 -!}!!:\:>3 9`B >- G!@ = 7D U 4.# - b`: EPC Od +9. > B +3; = 23 = >G =a =380//4

17 )U k/ >9!0?; D' DI.» :S ',{)! ['*.!4 f' 29 T! 60.S.D0,[!{D) 0 C_H! x` 4 4O. g4b4! >) j C! A) D!, (4M 4! T4 >) Z 0'>F'@ -! >) SH S G!.«S I. T0'> Z T, A) /{) g4 [!{D) [ U 4 Z S uˆ4! I., F' ) 4! 4D!.S, T 4! 7 ) C! 4! *>*/ mz[! [!{) u ˆ4! I. 0) *.!4 f' 30T! ~' 0 > ) [' D. Z D S D D) D0 xu 4*, N.!, I? SZ TDEr mz[d! DI! D!, T@ 0) mz[! P/ 0,! -DI) D S Z e -! S! T4!!,.! ) A DI. *D! 4DM 277 TD! xd` [0a.' AM I. A) ) g4db4! HD_, )4O A z)! ) g4b4! A) S uˆ4! D!, D'{) 4D! 0D SD [ ' A F' f4) ) >D U` 0! T, T ` 0! l4c/ [0a.' d_ D!, D D! N. *RC /? T A S I. d_.! 4O '{) 4 TD! DI. D) g4db4! >D (Silver book) TE d, E! SD udˆ4! DI. DM xt!, S A7DM 'D CD! 4D! *Dm,*I.-0. T?, *I. 0*/, D,.D' D) [!{) S Am, A T, +^ 3 M4! 3!/ DM ' S Am!, 4! f' xe) T, T, -! ' DI? D0'*-DI) *AID TD, ', T?, 4! Ž0 D? TD?, 0' AI*S'2, (G! I..S 4!, jo.!, T?, S/ Te T?, S' - condition of contract for EPC and Turnkey contracts, Washington, heriout Watt University, 202, No,. article. 37

18 )U k/ >9!0?; [y) + *I. ) A S2, [y) T«TE d,» E! DaZ D D D T T A 4! kt H T S2, 4M275 T! ' q4m A> M Š 4@ S ' [! M SD D0 SDb ' -'4) az ) az kt A>! D' E! «TE d,» 4T! 90 az.s 4['«~'» ' q4m f4) 0 [y) 40 4)! M4EU TCM w S HD TD SD2, [yd) + D ~' S uˆ4! I.» :4, D A7D D^>@ D xdt! D' + ['.0, ' M f' kt D' D, T?, ^>@ *m,[!{) S/ *U` -U! T?,. M.«(!, xt) [' ) g4b4! xt0! DU` (G D! I.» :S ' E! «TE d,» 5 T! ~' 0 0D U`, S! I.!!, 4! f', DM TD0-IH) 0 [4M xt! -I) SD' DS/D [4M*0 T xt!, T?, A 4D!! 4M 354T! E! A> 0!> «TE d,».«' 4M ! *0![', 4@ 4 ) g4b4! U A> 7T! 20. TH SUO.!4 f' T!0H_ S! D D, 'DD4 (D D S D S u ˆ4! I. *«Silverbook» E! D DI. 0D T' SEt! 4w0!!, T 4/ T0'> T D' D4 D.' AM*S j'c) M, 4 S.S M, T Z w4!, Œ!, 3 )U k/ >9!0?;?!@I/ =-8 ŽD DI0' DF! S 4'! T '{) P_!» :! 4M 28T! x`.«s7/ TD0'> S/. T2ˆ,! n_h!.!4 f' T t! +? D) D) TD2ˆ 4D DI. TD EPCDM D D T 38

19 )U k/ >9!0?; f'd5td! 3 D0 xdt!.d!! T!Sb! D >H xu S/.?@ *! 2U ) T0'>*.!4 TD0'> [0a. 05. TF' 4 I0' F! S I. T udˆ4! SD T 9T! 20x` W. u {) g/ 0 5 '/ *gd/ 2D D, T4D!» :! j'c)! ['.! 4! [!{) *D0! DU` ud?_! T0! Sr k4eu ' u {)*TZ4*g SD D 4!. g4b4! T, A T >) F *0'Z d_ SD) D SDr k4deu SD/. ŽH! Z 2!, g7` J, *D DZ 0! H xu*s!7 Sr xu*g/ Sr xu*n xu T40 [!{D) D udˆ4! DI. S [)6S4. 0! 0 0 4! [' DIZ DF! SDZ D Ž4D! TDD0'> S/. k4eu 4[' 2 4!.«!, T 4! [' / T0'> ŽD d4d?t! TD (4CDU S ) *0 [' P0! ) AD D) D ŽD D, 2, (4CU A 4O S Z A 2 udˆ4! DI.» : D D! [' T 0! (G!! F UDO T4 / ' t! * 4!, S SDr k4deu D4[' U]. g4b4! T, 2 4! Sr k4eu D@ '4Do. S G! F 4C! [ H [). 0 D D. g4b4! T, Ž) Sr k4eu UO / ' g4.«! T I.» :.!4 f' 27 T! ~' 0 x` U` 5_ TD AD) D2,, w, T [!{) S S! - condition of contract for EPC and Turnkey contracts, Washington, heriout Watt University, 202, No, article 9, section 2. =: : : :;3 A3. E 3,8!EW8 K3>LW,- =!o A->L =G[ =O! =H;5 0 =,!5A` 39

20 )U k/ >9!0?;.D0, ADM D. g4db4! D? M4! [ U T 4!?p H.. ', T@ +E! 0,, + 4! T D 0D 4/ Am T, SU7O! *nc_) ' u?_! T5_ AD) SD/..0D RD0! Ž4D! D, TD@ TD D, 4! T4 D D! **k4eu-m, T T, A_ T0'>.«S I. T Z 4M T'>! g4.!4 f'29 T! 8 0 3S M P0! SUO > P5_ j CD! TD?_) TD».S[ T! 0'> S/. I. ) 4! D 4HD, D, TDm, n/d) [D0a, -! >).«j'c) TF' 4 IZ F! S I. T0'> S G! D, D k4deu 'D 4D*D! T0'> T?, S/. * 4D*! g4 S/.» :S I. T S ) A T!m -D/. g4b4!, Ž) k4eu [!{) T xu!d/ -DM. g4b4! T, '5_, '4H, ' ' 4H, DI. T 4! A Z >) j C! [!{) ' 0! 0 D, DD! Dr RD?t! [D' >D(~') TE d, E!.«S *~'D DE! 4TD! 5 D0.SD I. T ) T@ T0'>.SD I. T, T R0) A T0'> *S'*-U*T*T0 T0'> S/. (G! I. *![' 60 SD D, T, S!7M ' m, T?, Sw! *?_) D TDD0'> RZ* / 4 -E!!, S uˆ4! I. SD/. 4D/ md, [!{D) t! T?, F 4C! m, -U D, )!D/ 'D dz*kd T0'> S/. S G!! [' 90.'.!4 f' 0.S q I. e S Am ) T@ T - condition of contract for EPC and Turnkey contracts, Washington, heriout Watt University, 202, No,article 4, section 5. 40

21 )U k/ >9!0?; SD/. D, D >D ' S uˆ4! I.» :~' E! D, D t'd > (4! jt,, ' S' t' '.«4! S/. * I. H! 0O ), '!, f4) T ~' E! > 4! S/ ` 4! */,[!{) S G! TD 4D/ TD0'> '4 S uˆ4! 7 T! I. S I..'( M 0 T' xt! T 4w0!!, RD'! D TD0'>*(~') EPC T.!4 f' T! 20 TD0! T, T?,» :S I. T, 4@4! S Am ' 4! I' d4 0!, 'Z ) R'! M4!, -I) :4 A I. T0'> S G!., U`(u. M xt! S/ ` ' 4! T/, (d. Z (G! I., T4! d4 0! R0! TF ' I?(P.I. ) ' S' A( D?/ 4 M g4 ) A T0'>, 4` D! [!{D)» D D, D0'> [D'[!{) T.S I. T?? [ I' (Projectfinance) TW.! [!{) 0'Z, 4! S s! «W. TDSD TD4! TD D, SD! T (! Te D Dt M4DEU D! *TCM*0 TtU 0, Ta. TqD'!D TD e ['! [!{) SE4!.S l/ TW. DD D! D0'Z [D' ld/ T!Dx4) M T0 S''! *`4! (Project investment life cycle) ' W. TqDD'! DD T/3.S +:EW8 ": O:A- :\< =e: W: 23}: $!\5 \$ K =$ =H;5 =" OA- p4 0 =5\ 4

22 )U k/ >9!0?; DV, D! D, SD! T4 I' S/ 6) *U` TM 2D 4!. *_!*m4*s2 TS, f4) > TW. S/ '/,) *U`*0! u?_! -U! T?, Z! M.D!-'4) W.?, fe!,! A I. ~' f4)!4 4M.S!! 4! E?) A I. )! 3 I0' SD! 4! k4eu.! ) Ž4E -? I' T*M EPCTM T! w. )2! w T dd', TM! «TE d,» 0' Z?? [ T4 ' D, M4DEU Dr TD 'HD T x4) '! x E)!, (4M I. -D!, SD/. D, 6D) TD D) *SDw! b (E*[y) TZ TD TE S! T0H S Z T?@ EPC M Sb4O.S 42

23 )U k/ >9!0?; 2- condition of contract for EPC and Turnkey contracts, Washington, heriout Watt University, ; C0(^4.335*!7 H*) *A4]3*~'?@ *! k4euš[ U*!!- D? ) Et) T t! Š *T4y)!?! *2)-2.388*A T*+0. (*k4eu! E T!0?C*' k4eu E.39*! H*) *+2]3*) Ž4EŠT! *T-3 D S/ >) T) *U`?? [ TM Š[! *MO-4 k4deu IHD D?! k4eu!0?c*' M4EU Aw Z F'@ F.38T*387* A4? *+>D]D3*A?@ *M!4 4M )!E! Š[ U *'2O-5.39>'.*>! H*) f'd TD!SDE4! *0DO TDWD. S/ ` e '@ f4b-6 4O / >) *m, [!{) *0! T. O4C/!4.380//4d4C!*4H, T>'! S''!! EPCAŒ4) S,D *D)*AD3]D3*A3?@ *M!4 4M ŠO *'4),-7.386*H! *A D?@ *DM7/ D, T@) *-? [ ) k4eu Šs4 *4'7,-8.378*S H*) *(]3 A4? FHY. *W.! [!{) M4EU T!0E4) MŠ! *M-9 *WD. S''D!!0?C * A4?!@ (). *F0 t!.386*+0. U C0(_ - Tony Gibbs assessment of turnkey contracts, for realization of capital works projects, Genève fidicedition, 200.

24 Ghazavat, No Fulfillment the covenant in the EPC or Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Contract By: Mohammad Norouzi Abstract: The EPC or Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Contract is a contract in which one party, namely contractor, takes the responsibilities of different stages including engineering, procurement and constructionof the project. The main obligation of the employer, is financing of the project and the commitment of the contractor is delivering the project on time; thus, fulfilment of the obligation in such contract is of great importance. Regarding the fact that a large amount of country s budget are invested on such contracts with an emphasis on the fourth and fifth Development Plan, then, fulfilling the project according to the contractual standards (fulfilment the obligation), is the most sensitive stage of the contract. One of the effects of determining the time of fulfilment of the obligation is releasing the guarantees of good performance and fulfilment of the commitment. Also, by fulfilling the obligation, the guarantee related to the maintenance as an obligation is transferred from contractor to employer. There is a disagreement about the nature of fulfilment of the obligation in general principles of the contracts; some call it a contract and some others consider it as an illegal action. In such contracts, whether in domestic or international standard samples, the procedures of fulfilment the obligation, a minute must be adjusted with the written will of both contractor and employer and it seems to be a ceremonial contract. Keywords: engineering, procurement, and construction contracts, silver book, fulfilment the obligation, general terms of the agreement. F