Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields

Transcription

1 Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields

2 NATO ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTES SERIES A series of edited volumes comprising multifaceted studies of contemporary scientific issues by some of the best scientific minds in the world, assembled in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division. Series B: Physics Recent Volumes in this Series Volume 78-Excitations in Disordered Systems edited by M. F. Thorpe Volume 79-Artificial Particle Beams in Space Plasma Studies edited by Bj0rn Granda! Volume 80-Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields edited by W. Greiner Volume81-E1ectron Correlations in Solids, Molecules, and Atoms edited by Jozef T. Devreese and Fons Brosens Volume 82-Structural Elements in Particle Physics and Statistical Mechanics edited by J. Honerkamp, K. Pohlmeyer, and H. Romer Volume 83- Physics of Ion-Ion and Electron-Ion Collisions edited by F. Brouillard Volume 84-Physical Processes in Laser-Materials Interactions edited by M. Bertolotti Volume 85 -Fundamental Interactions: Cargese 1981 edited by Maurice Levy, Jean-Louis Basdevant, David Speiser, Jacques Weyers, Maurice Jacob, and Raymond Gastmans Volume 86 -Surface Mobilities on Solid Materials: Fundamental Concepts and Applications edited by Vu Thien Binh ~ This series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with NATO Scientific Affairs Division A Life Sciences B Physics c Mathematical and Physical Sciences D Behavioral and Social Sciences E Applied Sciences Plenum Publishing Corporation London and New York D. Reidel Publishing Company Dordrech, The Netherlands and Hingham, Massachusetts, USA Martinus Nijhoff Publishers The Hague, The Netherlands

3 Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields Edited by W. Greiner Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC

4 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data NATO Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields (1981: Lahnstein, Germany) Quantum electrodynamics of strong fields. (NATO advanced study institutes series. Series B, Physics; v. 80) "Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute of Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields, held June 15-26, 1981, in Lahnstein, Federal Republic of Germany"-Versot.p. Bibliography: p. Includes index. I. Quantum electrodynamics-congresses. 2. Heavy ion collisions-congresses. 3 Quantum field theory-congresses. I. Greiner, Walter, II. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. III. Title IV Series. QC679.N ISBN DOI / ISBN (ebook) AACR2 Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields, held June 15-26, 1981, in Lahnstein, Federal Republic of Germany Springer Science+Business Media New York 1983 Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1983 Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 1983 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher

5 PREFACE The NATO Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields was held at Lahnstein on the Rhine from June, The school was devoted to the advances, theoretical and experimental, in the physics of strong fields made during the past decade. The topic of the first week was almost exclusively quantum electrodynamics, with discussions of symmetry breaking in the ground state, of the physics of heavy ion collisions and of precision tests of perturbative quantum electrodynamics. This was followed in the second week by the presentation of a broad range of other areas where strong fields occur, reaching from nuclear physics over quantum chromodynamics to gravitation theory and astrophysics. We were fortunate to be able to call on a body of lecturers who not only have made considerable personal contributions to these advances but who are also noted for their lecturing skills. Their dedication for their subject was readily transmitted to the students resulting in a very successful school. This enthusiasm is also reflected in their contributions to these Proceedings which, as I believe, will in time become a standard source of reference for future work on the physics of strong fields and will help to spread the benefits of the school to a larger audience than those who were able to attend. I regret that the Soviet colleagues Ya. B. Zeldovich and V.S. Popov were unable to participate. They have made such important contributions to the field, that their presence would have certainly further contributed to the atmosphere of the meeting. A special highlight was the historical lecture on 11 Early germs in quantum field theory in the history of quantum physics" by Friedrich Hund. He was personally involved in several aspects of the early development of molecular physics and also of quantumelectrodynamics (Klein's Paradox). In his lecture he exhibited the roots of the modern developments of QED of Strong Fields. v

6 vi PREFACE The School was sponsored by and had the support of the NATO Research Council, the Bundesministerium fur Forschung und Technologie, and the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI). The meeting took place at the Dorint Hotel 11Rhein-Lahn11 just outside Lahnstein/Rhein which contributed with its facilities to the success of the school. Finally, I wish to acknowledge the contributions made by all those who took part in organizing and running the school. Above all, my thanks go to my secretaries Mrs. Ruth Lasarzig and Ellen Pfister, who handled the correspondence before, during and after the school, managed the budget and helped to make these Proceedings possible. I am grateful to the Organizing Committee for their help in preparing the school, in particular I wish to thank my colleague Reiner Dreizler and many other members of the Institute of Theoretical Physics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University at Frankfurt/Main. Walter Greiner

7 CONTENTS Opening Remarks W. Greiner The States of Quantum Electrodynamical Precision Theoretical Points of View G.W. Erickson 1 25 Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields B. Mi.iller Atomic Collisions with Sticky Nuclei W.E. Meyerhof Positrons from Heavy Ion Collisions-Experiments at the UNILAC H. Backe et al. Heavy Ion Collision Induced Characteristic X-Ray Production - Cross Section Experiments P. Armbruster Experiments on the Excitation of the Innermost Electrons in Extremely Strong Fields F. Bosch Systematics and Discussion of Ionization Probability Measurements P. Armbruster Theory of Positron Creation in Supercritical Quasimolecules J. Reinhardt et al. Spectroscopy of Superheavy Quasimolecules G. Soff et al. vii

8 viii CONTENTS Search for Spontaneous Positron Production in Heavy Ion Collisions 273 H. Bokemeyer et al. Pair Creation in Heavy Ion-Atom Collisions P. Kienle 8-Ray Spectroscopy of Quasi-Atoms C. Kozhuharov 2pcr Molecular Orbital Radiation of Colliding Atoms: Dynamical Model Predictions Versus Experimental Data K.-H. Heinig, H.-u. Jager, K.-H. Kaun, H. Richter, H. Woittennek Continuum X-Ray Emission in Adiabatic Heavy Ion-Atom Collisions.... P. Vincent Density Functional Approach to the Relativistic Many Body Problem R.M. Dreizler and E.K.U. Gross Experimental Tests of QED and Electroweak Theories in e+e- Annihilation at PETRA A. Bohm The Muon (g-2) Experiments at CERN E. Picasso Electron-Electron Correlation in Highly Charged Atoms W.R. Johnson and K. T, Cheng Variational Method for the Time-Dependent Dirac Equation J. Krause and M, Kleber Radiative Corrections in Strong Fields P.J. Mohr The Description of Excitation Processes in Ion-Atom Collisions J.S, Briggs Particle Condensates in Strongly Coupled Quantum Field Theory J. Rafelski

9 CONTENTS ix Non-Perturbative Approach to the Long Distance Behavior of Yang-Mills Theory and the Problem of Quark Confinement in QCD M. Baker Pion Condensation. 635 J.M. Irvine Classical Solutions of Yang-Mills-Theory ; H. Mitter Particles in Strong Periodic Fields H. Mitter Precision Laser Spectroscopy of Hydrogen T.W. Hansch Non-Linear Vacuum Polarization in Strong Fields M. Gyulassy 685 Does Pion Condensation Prevent Pion Condensation? A. Faessler Short-Range Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction and QCD Potential Models C.S. Warke 737 Quark Interchange in Bag-Model QCD H.J. Weber Nonperturbative Treatment of Magnetic Interactions at Short Distances and a Simple Magnetic Model of Matter..... A.O. Barut Strong Magnetic Fields N.D. Hari Dass Particle Production by the Gravitational Field P. Candelas Confining the Aether P. Candelas Early Germs of Quantum Field Theory in the History of Quantum Physics F. Hund

10 X Summary Talk: Theoretical L.C. Biedenharn Summary: Experimental Aspects J.S. Greenberg CONTENTS Contributors Index