1 Chemistry Foundations

Transcription

1 South Pasadena Chemistry Name Period Date S T A T I O N 1 S I G N I F I C A N T F I G U R E S Indicate the number of significant figures in each of the following measurements Perform the following calculations, writing the answer with the correct number of significant figures. (1.0)(0.850) ( )(298) 2600 (4.184)(25.6) S T A T I O N 2 S C I E N T I F I C N O T A T I O N Write the following numbers in standard decimal notation Write the following numbers in scientific notation ,589,000 2,

2 Station 1 Self-Assessment Objective: Identify the significant digits in a measurement. Objective: Carry out arithmetic operations, expressing the result with the correct number of significant figures. Station 2 Self-Assessment Objective: Write a number in both standard decimal notation and scientific notation.

3 Record the following measurements. S T A T I O N 3 M E A S U R E M E N T S cm cm mm cm ml ml ml C 0 Use the plastic ruler to record the length of this line in cm: S T A T I O N 4 A C C U R A C Y & P R E C I S I O N Consider the following data from groups in Mr. Dalton s class for the mass of an object: Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group g g g g g g g This data should be reported as: g Show your work. If the accepted mass is g, what is the percent error of Group 1 s measurement? Mr. Rutherford s class obtains an answer of g. The result of Mr. Rutherford s class has [ more less the same ] precision than/as that of Mr. Dalton s class.

4 Station 3 Self-Assessment Objective: Appropriately read and record measurements with a digit of uncertainty. Station 4 Self-Assessment Objective: Describe the accuracy (using percent error) or precision (using the average deviation) of a set of measurements.

5 S T A T I O N 5 U N I T S Write down a metric unit that is used to measure Length Volume Temperature Mass Time Complete the following conversion factors 1 dm = m 1 kg = g 1 ml = L 1 cm = m S T A T I O N 6 M E T R I C C O N V E R S I O N S 2.50 kg =? g dl =? L 12.6 m =? km 2570 cm =? km 70.6 ml =? cm 3

6 Station 5 Self-Assessment Objective: Identify appropriate units for a measurement. Objective: Explain the meaning of metric prefixes. Station 6 Self-Assessment Objective: Use dimensional analysis to convert like units. Objective: Relate the volume of a liquid (in ml) to the volume of the container (in cm 3 ).

7 1.8 wks =? min S T A T I O N 7 D I M E N S I O N A L A N A L Y S I S 135 cm 3 =? in 3 (1 inch = 2.54 cm) 2.3 m/s =? km/h How many firkins are there in 825 in 3? (1 barrel = 4 firkins, 1 gallon = 231 in 3, 1 gallon = 3.78 liters, 1 barrel = 42.0 gallons) A column of ethanol and water is created. [ Ethanol Water ] forms the top layer and [ ethanol water ] forms the bottom layer. The density of ethanol is [ less than the same as greater than ] that of water. If a 50.0-mL sample of each is obtained, the mass of ethanol is [ less than the same as greater than ] that of water. S T A T I O N 8 D E N S I T Y I D E A S A 50-g piece of tree bark floats on water, while a 50-g piece of bone sinks. List water, tree bark, and bone from least to most dense: < < The volume of the piece of tree bark is [ less than the same as greater than ] that of the piece of bone. Consider a block of aluminum (density = 2.70 g/cm 3 ) and a block of zinc (7.14 g/cm 3 ). If the two blocks have the same mass, which has a greater volume? If both blocks have a volume of 1.5 L, which has a greater mass?

8 Station 7 Self-Assessment Objective: Use dimensional analysis to convert like units. Objective: Use dimensional analysis to convert units for area and volume. Objective: Use dimensional analysis with unlike relationships (ratios and rates) to convert unlike units. Station 8 Self-Assessment Objective: Describe and compare objects mass, volume, and density quantitatively, graphically, with particulate diagrams, and from macroscopic descriptions (such as whether objects will sink or float).

9 S T A T I O N 9 D E N S I T Y C A L C U L A T I O N S Data Length of metal block Width of metal block Height of metal block Mass of metal block 3.55 cm 1.55 cm 1.11 cm g Use the data to identify the metal in the block: aluminum (density = 2.70 g/cm 3 ) copper (density = 8.92 g/cm 3 ) iron (density = 7.86 g/cm 3 ) gold (density = 19.3 g/cm 3 ) The density of titanium is 4.50 g/cm 3. What is the mass of a 35.0 cm 3 titanium ball?

10 Station 9 Self-Assessment Objective: Describe and compare objects mass, volume, and density quantitatively, graphically, with particulate diagrams, and from macroscopic descriptions (such as whether objects will sink or float).