CHAPTER 5 MEASUREMENTS & CALCULATIONS

Transcription

1 Approximate Timeline Students are expected to keep up with class work when absent. CHAPTER 5 MEASUREMENTS & CALCULATIONS Day Plans for the day Assignment(s) for the day 1 Begin Chapter Counting sig figs Assignment 5.0 Assignment 5.2a o Discuss 4 rules for counting sig. figs Math w/sig figs Assignment 5.2b Read section(s) Quiz 5.2 Significant Figures 5.1 Scientific Notation o Writing decimal numbers in scientific Assignment 5.1a Assignment5.1b Read section(s) 5.3 notation o Writing scientific notation as a decimal number o Math with scientific notation 4 Quiz 5.1 Scientific Notation 5.3 Unit conversions English Assignment 5.3a Assignment 5.3a due tomorrow Unit conversions Metric o single units (m cm) o unit 3 (cm 3 m 3 ) 6 Quiz Metric Equivalents Unit conversions Metric o unit/unit (g/cm 3 kg/m 3 ) 7 Quiz Metric Equivalents 2 (if needed) 5.3 Unit conversions Temperature 8 Quiz Metric Equivalents 3 (if needed) 5.3 Unit conversions Density Assignment 5.3b Assignment 5.3c Assignment 5.3d Assignment 5.3e Assignment 5.3f 9 Quiz 5.4 Dimensional Analysis Discuss Density Lab 10 Perform Density Lab Assignment 5.4 Lab Report due in 2 days 11 Grade & discuss Assignment 5.4 Review for the Chapter 5 Test 12 Chapter 5 Test Read section(s) 6.1

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3 Study Guides Chapter 5 Reading Quizzes Quiz 5.1 Scientific Notation & Units 1. A measurement always contains what two parts? 2. Scientific notation expresses a number as a and a. 3. Convert a decimal number into scientific notation. 4. Which system of measurement is used by scientists all over the world? 5. Give the fundamental unit of: a. mass b. length c. time d. temperature 6. Give the metric prefix that means: a b. 1/10 c. 1/100 d. 1/1000 Quiz 5.2 Uncertainty in Measurements 7. What do we mean when we say that a measurement always has a degree of uncertainty? 8. How is the degree of uncertainty for a particular measurement recorded? 9. Memorize the Rules for Counting Significant Figures on page Indicate the number of significant digits in a number. 11. Calculate and round your answer to the correct number of significant digits. Quiz 5.3a Problem Solving and Unit Conversions 12. Define the term conversion factor. 13. Give on example of an equivalence statement. 14. What is dimensional analysis? 15. Use dimensional analysis to perform several unit conversions. Quiz 5.3b Problem Solving and Unit Conversions 16. Define the term density. 17. Be able to solve density problems. 18. Be able to convert from one temperature scale to another.

4 Study Guide Chapter 5 Test At the completion of chapter 5 you should 1. Know the definitions of the following terms a. Measurements b. Units c. Scientific Notation d. Significant Figures e. Conversion Factor f. Dimensional Analysis g. Density h. Specific Gravity 2. Scientific notation a. Be able to write numbers from decimal notation into scientific notation b. Be able to write numbers from scientific notation into decimal notation 3. Significant figures a. Be able to count the number of significant figures in a measurement b. Be able to express the answer to a calculation with the correct number of significant figures 4. Unit conversions a. Use the correct conversion factor to convert from one unit to another b. Use dimensional analysis to solve problems c. Be able perform temperature conversions i. Fahrenheit to Celsius ii. Celsius to Fahrenheit iii. Celsius to Kelvin iv. Kelvin to Celsius 5. Density a. Be able to solve all type of density problems

5 Define each of the following terms. 1. Measurement Assignment 5.0 Vocabulary 2. Units 3. Scientific Notation 4. Significant Figures 5. Conversion Factor 6. Dimensional Analysis 7. Density 8. Specific Gravity

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7 Assignment 5.2a Significant Digits Indicate the number of significant figures in each of the following. 1) 519 2) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) 14700

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9 Assignment 5.2b Math with Significant Digits Solve each of the following problems. Your answer should be rounded to the correct number of significant figures. 1) ) ) ) ) x ) / ) 1.35 x 2.79 x ) / ) x ) ) ) / 3.0

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11 Assignment 5.1a Scientific Notation Express the following numbers in scientific notation. Your answer should contain the correct number of significant figures. 1) 3,180 2) 850,000 3) ) ) 4,120,000 6) 395,000,000 7) ) ) ) Convert each of the following to decimal notation. Your answer should contain the correct number of significant figures. 11) 4 x ) 6.0 x ) 3.6 x ) 5.37 x ) 4.60 x ) 3.39 x ) 4.90 x ) 3.68 x ) 1.20 x ) 3.27 x 10 4

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13 Assignment 5.1b Math with Scientific Notation Perform the indicated operations. Your answer should be in scientific notation and have the correct number of significant digits. 1) (2 x 10 3 ) x (3 x 10 4 ) 2) 7.2 x 10 4 / 8.6 x ) 4.26 x x ) 3.5 x x ) 9.00 x 10-5 / 3.00 x ) 6.4 x 10 9 / 3.60 x ) (1.6 x 10 2 ) x (2.8 x 10 4 ) 8) 9.7 x 10-3 / 1.8 x ) 6.4 x x ) 7.3 x x ) (3.7 x 10 4 ) x (8.2 x 10 2 ) 7.29 x ) (2.5 x 10-2 ) x (2.0 x 10-3 ) 5.00 x ) (7.1 x 10 4 ) x (2.6 x 10-2 ) (1.23 x 10 2 ) x (4.45 x 10-1 ) 14) (2.702 x ) x (8.27 x 10 8 ) (1.15 x 10 7 ) x (5.45 x 10-4 ) 15) (6.02 x ) x (1.09 x 10 6 ) (3.7 x 10 5 ) x (7.159 x ) 16) (2.0 x 10 2 ) x (3.0 x 10 3 ) (4.0 x 10-4 ) x (5.0 x 10-5 )

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15 Assignment 5.3a Dimensional Analysis (1) Perform the following conversions. You must use dimensional analysis! Express your answer with the correct number of significant digits and units. 1) 18 inches to yards 2) miles to yards 3) 11.6 quarts to gallons 4) 6.20 miles to inches 5) hours to seconds Extra Credit 6) 3.64 x seconds to centuries

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17 Assignment 5.3b Dimensional Analysis (2) Perform the following conversions. You must use dimensional analysis! Express your answer with the correct number of significant digits and units. 1) 5.21 hours to seconds 2) 12.6 meters to centimeters 3) 79.1 centigrams to milligrams 4) mg to g 5) 6189 nm to cm 6) 0.49 g to mg 7) 450 milligrams to grams 8) 3.62 grams to centigrams 9) milliliters to liters 10) 5,280 centimeters to meters

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19 Assignment 5.3c Dimensional Analysis (3) Perform the following conversions. You must use dimensional analysis! Express your answer with the correct number of significant digits and units. 1) 228 dm 3 to L 2) 50.0 ml to cm 3 3) 159 cm 3 to dm 3 4) L to cm 3 5) 3.12 dm 3 to cm 3 6) cm 3 to L 7) 456 dm 3 to cm 3 8) 761 cm 3 to dm 3 9) 50.0 L to dm 3 10) 1.40 cm 3 to ml

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21 Assignment 5.3d Dimensional Analysis (4) Perform the following conversions. You must use dimensional analysis! Express your answer with the correct number of significant digits and units. 1) 956 mg/cm 3 to g/cm 3 2) 220 dm 3 /sec to L/min 3) 20.5 L/min to cm 3 /sec 4) 2.0 kg/l to mg/cm 3 5) nm/sec to cm/min 6) 65.0 cm 3 /sec to dm 3 /min 7) 570 cg/cm 3 to g/dm 3 8) 52.0 kg/dm 3 to mg/cm 3 9) g/cm 3 to kg/dm 3 10) g/ml to kg/l

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23 Assignment 5.3e Temperature Conversions (2 pages) Solve each of the following problems. In order to receive full credit you must do three things: (1) write the equation, (2) plug in numbers with units, and (3) express your answer with the correct number of significant figures and units. 1) 80.0 F to C 2) 20.0 F to C 3) 25.0 C to F 4) C to F 5) 25 C to K 6) -15 C to K

24 7) K to C 8) 263 K to C 9) 37.0 C to F 10) 98 F to C 11) C to K 12) 292 K to C

25 Assignment 5.3f Density Solve each of the following problems. In order to receive full credit you must do three things: (1) write the equation, (2) plug in numbers with units, and (3) express your answer with the correct number of significant digits and units. 1) A rock with mass g occupies a volume of 20.3 cm 3. What is the density of the rock? 2) A student determines the mass and volume of a liquid to be g and 35.8 ml respectively. What is the density of the liquid? 3) The density of chloroform is g/ml. What is the mass of ml of chloroform? 4) The density of gold is g/ml. What is the mass of ml of gold? 5) The density of iron is 7.87 g/ml. What is the volume of g of iron? 6) The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/ml. What is the volume of g of aluminum?

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27 Assignment 5.4 Chapter Review NO WORK = NO CREDIT (3 pages) How many significant digits are in the following measurements? 1) 150 cm 2) L 3) km 4) g Perform the following calculations. Express your answer with the correct number of significant digits and units. 5) cm cm 6) g 57.4 g 7) 2.50 m x m 8) g / 30.0 ml Express the following numbers in scientific notation. Your answer should include the correct number of significant digits and units. 9) 760 ml 10) km 11) L 12) kg Express the following numbers in decimal notation. Your answer should include the correct number of significant digits and units. 13) x 10-4 g 14) x 10 2 m 15) 9.25 x 10 4 cm 16) x 10-3 L

28 Perform the following conversions. You must use dimensional analysis. No work = no credit. Your answer should include the correct number of significant digits and units. 17) m to cm 18) 84.0 cm to dm 19) ml to L 20) mm to m 21) 47.0 ml to cm 3 22) 2.40 dm 3 to L 23) cm 3 to dm 3 24) 2.70 g/cm 3 to kg/dm 3 25) 5.47 kg/dm 3 to g/cm 3

29 Solve each of the following problems. In order to receive full credit you must do three things: (1) write the equation, (2) plug in numbers with units, and (3) express your answer with the correct number of significant digits and units. 26) Convert -155 ºC to K 27) Convert 52 K to ºC 28) Convert ºF to ºC 29) Convert 20.0 ºC to ºF 30) If 89.2 ml of a liquid has a mass of 75.2 g, calculate the liquid s density. 31) Mercury has a density of 13.6 g/ml. What is the volume of 50.0 g of mercury? 32) Gold has a density of g/ml. What is the mass of 50.0 ml of gold?