Physics : Fall Semester Review Chapter 1-4

Transcription

1 Chapter 1 and 2 1) Which branch of science is fundamental to all sciences? It is concerned with the nature of basic things such as motion, force, energy, matter, heat, sound, light, and the composition of atoms. a. Biology b. Chemistry c. Physics d. Astronomy e. Astrology 2) In order to identify if a hypothesis is scientific or not we need to look to see if you could prove it wrong. If you can, this hypothesis is referred to as the a. Null Hypothesis b. Alternate Hypothesis c. Scientific theory d. Inference 3) If an individual finds evidence that contradicts a hypothesis, law, or principle, then the hypothesis, law, or principle, must be changed or abandoned. 4) When running a lab exercise, we tend to believe what we know to be true. Yet we need to write a hypothesis to find that it is NOT true. When we write the statement that is true, we are constructing a a. Null Hypothesis b. Alternate Hypothesis c. Scientific theory d. Inference

2 5) What is the upward force that balances the weight of an object called? a. Gravity b. Supporting force c. Air pressure 6) As your book sits on your table, how many significant forces are acting on it? a. 8 b. 6 c. 4 d. 2 7) Which of the following is considered to be a close agreement by competent observers who make a series of observation of the same phenomenon? a. Hypothesis b. Fact c. Theory d. Law (principle) 8) Objects in motion but moving at a constant speed in the same direction is said to be in which state of equilibrium? a. Dynamic Equilibrium b. Static Equilibrium c. Equilibrium 9) Which of the following is considered to be a vector? a. Time b. Area c. Force

3 10) Rejection or Failure to reject the Null hypothesis is the purpose of the a. Procedure of the Lab b. Data collected c. Analysis of the data collected d. Conclusion 11) Which of the following is defined as a push or pull? a. Force b. Vectors c. Scalar 12) The combination of all forces acting on an object is called a. Gross Force b. Net Force c. Galactic Force d. Gravitational Force 13) Tension (in our class text) is defined as a. The stretching force on a rope or string b. The force of the supports holding the rope or string c. Combined efforts of all fibers in the weight hanging on the rope d. Taking this exam 14) Which of the following is a temporary conclusion to a set of observations based on NO background information with no intent to test? It usually is just a guess with no merit! a. Null Hypothesis b. Alternate Hypothesis c. Scientific theory d. Inference

4 15) Which of the following is considered to be a vector? a. Speed b. Weight c. Wind direction d. Anything as long as it includes a magnitude and direction 16) Which of the following is considered to be a scalar quantity? a. Force b. Velocity c. Volume d. Acceleration 17) When a relationship between quantities are tested over and over with the same outcome, with no contradictions, the results may be classified as a?. a. Hypothesis b. Fact c. Theory d. Law (principle) 18) What is our text definition of Mechanical Equilibrium? a. No physical changes occur b. A support force applied by machines c. No movement of the machine d. Terminator III movie 19) Which of the following is a temporary conclusion to a set of observations based on background information with the intent to test? a. Hypothesis b. Fact c. Theory d. Law (principle)

5 20) What term is used to identify setting a scale to zero (0)? a. Tare b. Tear c. Hair 21) In science, a large body of information that encompasses well-tested and verified hypotheses about certain aspects of the natural world is referred to as?. a. Null Hypothesis b. Alternate Hypothesis c. Scientific theory d. Inference Chapter 3 and 4 22) The astronomer Copernicus was the first person to publicly state that Earth a. Is the center of the solar system b. Revolves around the sun c. Does not move d. Moves in a straight line 23) Galileo found that a ball rolling down one inclined plane would roll how far up the another inclined plane a. To nearly twice the height as where it originally started b. To nearly the same height as where it originally started c. To nearly half the original height d. To about one quarter of its original height

6 24) The law of inertia states that an object a. At rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force b. Will continue moving at the same speed velocity unless an outside force acts on it c. Will continue to move in a straight line unless an outside force acts on it d. All of the above are correct 25) After a cannon ball is fired into frictionless space, the amount of force needed to keep it going equals a. Twice the force with which it was fired b. The same amount of force with which it was fired c. One half the force with which it was fired d. Zero, since no force is necessary to keep it moving 26) Which has more mass, 10kg of Southern oak or 10kg of West Texas cotton? a. Southern oak b. West Texas cotton c. Neither they are both the same! 27) Speed is a. A measure of how fast something is moving b. The distance covered per unit of time c. Always measured in terms of a unit of distance divided by a unit of time d. All of the above are correct 28) One possible unit of speed is a. Miles per hour b. Kilometers per hour c. Light years per century d. All are units of speed

7 29) When you look at the speedometer in your moving car, you can see the car s a. Instantaneous speed b. Average speed c. Instantaneous acceleration d. Average acceleration 30) Suppose you take a trip that covers 240km and takes 4 hours. Your average speed is a. 480 km/hr b. 240 km/hr c. 120 km/hr d. 60 km/hr 31) Acceleration is defined as a change in a. Position divided by the time interval b. Velocity divided by the time interval c. Time it takes to move from one speed to another location 32) Suppose you are in a car that is going around a curve. The speedometer reads 30 miles per hour. Which of the following is not true? a. You and the car are accelerating b. Your speed is constant c. Your velocity is constant d. Your acceleration is constant 33) If a ball is tossed up in the air, what is the acceleration at the top of its path? a. 20m/s 2 b. 10m/s 2 c. 5m/s 2 d. 0 m/s 2

8 34) It was commonly thought by many ancient thinkers that if an object moved against its nature, then a force of some kind was responsible. 35) Which of the following individuals encouraged the idea that heavy things fall and light things rise? a. Aristotle b. Copernicus c. Galileo d. Newton 36) Many during Aristotle s time believed that violent motion was imposed motion. 37) Which of the following was first in describing that the Earth and other planets move around the sun? a. Aristotle b. Copernicus c. Galileo d. Newton 38) Which of the following individuals did not published their works until late in their life close to their death? a. Aristotle b. Copernicus c. Galileo d. Newton

9 39) Who is credited with the idea that the a force is necessary to keep an object moving? a. Aristotle b. Copernicus c. Galileo d. Newton 40) What is another name for Newton s 1 st law of motion? a. Thermodynamics b. Inertia c. Cryogenics d. Gravity 41) When we describe the motion of one object with respect to another, we say that the object is moving relative to the other object. 42) If you travel 80Km in in 2 hours, what is your average speed? a. 20km/hr b. 40km/hr c. 60km/hr d. 160km/hr 43) In real life, air resistance has no effect on acceleration of a falling body. 44) What is the instantaneous speed of an object that is at its highest point when it is tossed straight up in the air? a. 0m/s b. 9.8m/s c. 10m/s