SHORELINE AND BEACH PROCESSES: PART 2. Implications for Coastal Engineering
|
|
|
- Priscilla Phillips
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 SHORELINE AND BEACH PROCESSES: PART 2 Implications for Coastal Engineering
2 Objectives of the lecture: Part 2 Show examples of coastal engineering Discuss the practical difficulties of ocean engineering at the coast Explain interactions between beach processes and structures Introduce beach processes and shoreline evolution Introduce beach management methods
3 Shoreline processes - an introduction Outline of presentation Practical importance of shoreline changes Geological evolution of the coastline Cliffs, beaches and the nearshore seabed Cliff recession; causes, consequences and counter-measures Beach changes; causes, consequences and counter-measures Longshore sediment transport - identification and control Cross-shore shore sediment transport - identification and control
4 Importance of shoreline changes Flooding of hinterland Erosion of coastal cliffs/ slopes Damage to structures/ property Siltation (killeşmek) of deepened areas Accretion of beach sediment
5 Coastal flooding - over-washing
6 Coastal flooding - over-washing
7 Coastal flooding - breaching
8 Coastal erosion
9 Happisburgh - July 2002
10 Happisburgh - August 2002
11 Happisburgh - October 2002
12 Happisburgh - December 2003
13 Damage to property - by erosion
14 Damage to property - by erosion
15 Damage to property - by overtopping
16 Harbour siltation
17 Geological origins/ inheritance Today s s shorelines are largely a result of geological processes, i.e. Tectonic processes (uplift, folding, continental drift); Production of sediments by glacial action; Sedimentation in lakes/ shallow seas; Long-term climate changes (glacial/ inter-glacial periods), leading to changes in sea level; Re-working of these sediments by changes in sea level.
18 Shoreline elements Cliffs and coastal slopes Beaches (and dunes) Nearshore seabed (to 5-10m 5 below lowest tide)
19 Cliffs and coastal slopes Cliffs top edges retreat (by definition!) Continually trying to adjust to a stable slope Land-sliding largely due to water flows from landwards Slips triggered by wave action Slips can be small & regular or large & rare (depending on geology) Debris ( talus( talus ) ) deposited after slip protects cliff face (temporarily) Hydrodynamic processes sort debris to provide (some) beach sediments
20 Cliffs and coastal slopes Cliff management methods Drainage (surface or internal) to reduce groundwater levels Planting vegetation to fix surface and de-water ground Direct face protection, e.g. grading / netting./ revetments Toe protection e.g. sills or walls, or higher beach levels Reduction of wave heights, e.g.by offshore breakwaters
21 Cliff slip - Overstrand,, Norfolk
22 Cliff toe protection - rock sill
23 Cliff protection - locking sediment
24 Cliff management - Robin Hoods Bay
25 Beach sediment transport Causes Waves (good at mobilising and stirring sediments) Currents (tide or wind-induced induced - good at carrying sediments) Winds - can transport dry sand in large quantities Human interventions - mining,, dumping waste materials Transport routes Parallel to beach contours - longshore transport Onshore-offshore offshore or cross-shore shore transport Vertical movements suspension or wind-borne
26 Longshore transport on beaches Causes Waves breaking obliquely to contours - causes currents Breaker height gradients - transport towards smaller waves Tidal currents - if strong at high tide Winds on dry sand beaches Clues to longshore transport (drift) direction Spits and diversion of river mouths Accumulation updrift against groins/ harbor arms etc. Erosion downdrift ofof breakwaters, seawalls, etc
27 Longshore transport of sand by wind
28 Massive beach spit, UAE
29 Effects of groins on longshore drift
30 Groin n on shingle beach
31 Long groin and spit, Dorset
32 Longshore drift - north Norfolk
33 Erosion downdrift from a seawall
34 Pocket beach - very little drift
35 Tombolo in Scotland - zero drift
36 Cross-shore shore transport on beaches Causes Waves travelling perpendicular to contours - onshore drift Breakers cause undertow current and suspend sand Beach porosity sucks down sediment particles in swash zone Winds on dry beaches blow sand onto dunes Tidal currents can carry sediments onshore or offshore Steep seabed slopes into deep water - offshore losses
37 Dunes - a sand reservoir
38 Beach management methods Sediment budgets First step is to understand sources, sinks and transfers along a section of coast; Sources include rivers, eroding cliffs, shell fragments Sinks include deep seabed, dredged channels, dunes Transfers longshore (and cross-shore) shore) transport Greater transfers in than out deposition (accretion) Greater transfers out than in - erosion
39 Beach management methods Advantages Relatively cheap and simple to improve / create beaches; Failure is gradual and obvious, with some self- healing; Environmental impacts are acceptable; Adds amenity value to coastline; Work well in areas where drift rates are low; Unlikely to lead to erosion of down-drift drift beaches; Maintenance methods are simple.
40 Beach management methods Disadvantages Rarely a permanent solution (half-life life years at best); May allow some overtopping, and hence flooding; May cause siltation or wind wind-blow problems; Transfers longshore (and cross-shore) shore) transport; Often need regular maintenance or control structures ; May not be suitable for local problems on beaches with high longshore transport rates
41 Beach management methods Techniques Beach recharge,, i.e.adding extra sediment (from offshore); Re-cycling beach sediment (as at Seaford) to counter drift; By-passing sediment around obstructions to drift, e.g. harbours; Controlling drift rates by installing groynes,, breakwaters etc. Dune management and reducing reflections from seawalls; Reducing tidal currents close to the shoreline;
42 Beach recharge in progress
43 Hybrid groin / breakwater
44 Recharged beach with low groins
45 Beach management - guidelines 1 Establish long-term rates of change (expect erosion); 2 Identify sources, sinks and sediment budget; 3 Calculate drift rates 4 Predict future beach changes and validate against past changes; 5 Consider beach recharge/ recycling/ bypassing; Sources of extra sediment? Rates of loss, and maintenance commitments? 6 Assess/ model changes in beach and adjacent coastline 7 Consider control structures such as groynes,, breakwaters etc. 8 Re-model scheme and refine; 9 Carry out sensitivity tests, eg.. changes in wave climate.
Geol 117 Lecture 18 Beaches & Coastlines. I. Types of Coastlines A. Definition:
I. Types of Coastlines A. Definition: 1. Shore = narrow zone where ocean meets land (e.g. beach) 2. Coast is a broad area where both ocean and land processes act a. Includes onshore marshes, dunes, sea
Supplemental Slides. Shore: Junction of Land & Water. Junction of Land & Water. Sea Level Variations. Shore vs. Coast. Sea Level Variations
Shore: Junction of Land & Water Supplemental Slides Sediments come off land Most get dumped at the beach Sediment interacts with ocean waves and currents Junction of Land & Water Features: Breaking waves,
Shore: Junction of Land & Water. Sediments come off land Most get dumped at the beach Sediment interacts with ocean waves and currents
Shore: Junction of Land & Water Supplemental Slides Sediments come off land Most get dumped at the beach Sediment interacts with ocean waves and currents Junction of Land & Water Features: Breaking waves,
The Marine Environment
The Marine Environment SECTION 16.1 Shoreline Features In your textbook, read about erosional landforms, beaches, estuaries, longshore currents, and rip currents. For each statement below, write true or
The Marine Environment
The Marine Environment SECTION 16.1 Shoreline Features In your textbook, read about erosional landforms, beaches, estuaries, longshore currents, and rip currents. For each statement below, write or. 1.
The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The Coast: es and Shoreline Processes Trujillo & Thurman, Chapter 10 Oceanography 101 Chapter Objectives Recognize the various landforms characteristic of beaches and coastal regions.
The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes Trujillo & Thurman, Chapter 10
The Coast: es and Shoreline Processes Trujillo & Thurman, Chapter 10 Oceanography 101 Chapter Objectives Recognize the various landforms characteristic of beaches and coastal regions. Identify seasonal
Coastal Sediment Transport
Coastal & Marine Coastal Sediment Transport Mazen Abualtayef Assistant Prof., IUG, Palestine Sediment Transport Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually
Graduate School of Civil and Ecological Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 10 (2016) 1297-1303 doi: 10.17265/1934-7359/2016.11.011 D DAVID PUBLISHING Ho-Shong Hou Graduate School of Civil and Ecological Engineering, I-Shou University,
Coasts Key Word Glossary
Coasts Key Word Glossary Abrasion Also known as corrosion. It is the wearing away of the cliff by sand, fragments of rock and boulders that are being hurled at the cliff by the waves. It causes grinding
SEGMENTED BREAKWATERS AND THEIR USE IN COASTAL LOUISIANA
SEGMENTED BREAKWATERS AND THEIR USE IN COASTAL LOUISIANA Prepared by: Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority Engineering Division March 2016 The geology of Louisiana s coastal zone is intimately
Term Knowledge Using and applying Grade Criteria Autumn 1 Assessment window October Natural hazards pose major risks to people and property.
Assessment Schedule Year 9 2015/6 Term Knowledge Using and applying Grade Criteria Autumn 1 Assessment window October 2015 3.1.1.2 Tectonic Natural hazards pose major risks to people and property. Definition
4. The map below shows a meandering stream. Points A, B, C, and D represent locations along the stream bottom.
1. Sediment is deposited as a river enters a lake because the A) velocity of the river decreases B) force of gravity decreases C) volume of water increases D) slope of the river increases 2. Which diagram
Waves approach the beach at an angle similar to the prevailing wind.
COASTAL EROSION, FLOODING AND DEFENCE Coastlines are one of the most varied landforms. Erosion, deposition and transport are finely balanced and all affect the geology. If any of these factors are disturbed
Coastal Systems and Landscapes
AQA Geography A-level Coastal Systems and Landscapes PMT Education Written by Jeevan Singh Coastal Systems and Landscapes Features of Coastal Zones Coastal zones develop from interactions between the winds,
Section 2.1 Ocean Basins. - Has helped determine where ocean basins are located. - Tectonic plates move changing the position of the continents.
Science 8 Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2: Oceans Control the Water Cycle Section 2.1 Ocean Basins Oceans are important because: 1. Primary water source for the water cycle 2. Control weather
1 Shoreline Landforms 2. 2 Emergent v. Submergent 2. 3 Wavecutting 3. 4 Planview 4. 5 Marine Terraces 5. 6 California 7. 7 Tombolos, Sea Stacks 8
Shorelines November 9, 2008 Contents 1 Shoreline Landforms 2 2 Emergent v. Submergent 2 3 Wavecutting 3 4 Planview 4 5 Marine Terraces 5 6 California 7 7 Tombolos, Sea Stacks 8 8 Active Processes 9 9 Emergence
Chapter 17. Ocean and Coastal Processes
Chapter 17 Ocean and Coastal Processes Ocean Basins and Plates Ocean Basins Ocean Basins are profoundly different from the continents. Ocean crust is thin and dense and young. New ocean crust is generated
In 1990, 50% of the U.S. population lived within 75 km of a coast. By 2010, 75% of the U.S. population will live within 75 km of a coast.
In 1990, 50% of the U.S. population lived within 75 km of a coast. By 2010, 75% of the U.S. population will live within 75 km of a coast. High Tech Methods for Surveying the Deep Sea Floor Fig. 20.18 1
Weathering of Rocks. Weathering - Breakdown of rocks into pieces (sediment) 2 main types of weathering to rocks
Weathering of Rocks Weathering - Breakdown of rocks into pieces (sediment) 2 main types of weathering to rocks Mechanical weathering requires physical forces to break rocks into smaller pieces. Chemical
Controlling Processes That Change Land
1 Name Date Controlling Processes That Change Land People try to control some of the processes that change land. To do this, people apply technology- the use of science to solve problems in everyday life.
COASTAL DYNAMICS VIRTUAL FIELD TRIP, NORTHEAST FLORIDA. Joann Mossa Department of Geography University of Florida
COASTAL DYNAMICS VIRTUAL FIELD TRIP, NORTHEAST FLORIDA Joann Mossa Department of Geography University of Florida WHERE ARE WE GOING? In NE Florida (Flagler and St. Johns County, south of St. Augustine),
What are the different ways rocks can be weathered?
Romano - 223 What are the different ways rocks can be weathered? Weathering - the breakdown of rocks and minerals at the Earth s surface 1. 2. PHYSICAL WEATHERING Rock is broken into smaller pieces with
Coastal issues: Beaches and Estuaries
Coastal issues: Beaches and Estuaries Definitions: Coast = broad zone where both marine & terrestrial processes act It includes the beach, lagoons, marshes, bars etc. Coastal processes act to shape the
Ocean and Coastal Processes. Ocean Basins. Chapter 20. Ocean Basins and Plates. Ocean Terms. Sea Arch Bay-mouth Bar Spit Tombolo Coast.
Chapter 20 Ocean Basins and Plates Ocean and Coastal Processes Tide Wave Height Length Period Base Refraction Tsunami Beach Sea stack Ocean Terms Sea Arch Bay-mouth Bar Spit Tombolo Coast Emergent Submergent
Protection of Coasts
Protection of Coasts [Coastal Zones] Jan van de Graaff Delft University of Technology 1 Coastal Zone: many definitions here: rather narrow strip of land adjacent to sea or large inland water (say: 150
Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2
Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2 Create a mind map with the driving question, Why are Oceans Important? Remember: Why are oceans so important? Why are oceans so important? Primary water source
Chapter 3 Erosion and Deposition. The Big Question:
Chapter 3 Erosion and Deposition The Big Question: 1 Design a way to represent and describe the 4 types of mass movement. You may use pictures, diagrams, list, web, chart, etc 2 Chapter 3: Erosion and
1. The coastal system. Constructive and destructive waves, Tides Sediment sources and cells.
Features of the Coastal System INPUTS PROCESSES OUTPUTS Sediment 95% = 5% = 5% = 1. The coastal system Constructive and destructive waves, Tides Sediment sources and cells. The Coastal System Identify
Connecticut Coastal Management Program
Connecticut Coastal Management Program Fact Sheet for SHORELINE FLOOD AND EROSION CONTROL STRUCTURES What are Shoreline Flood and Erosion Control Structures? The Connecticut General Statutes (CGS) define
Seaton to Seaton Hole SUMMARY OF PREFERRED PLAN RECOMMENDATIONS AND JUSTIFICATION
Location reference: Policy Unit reference: Plan: Seaton to Seaton Hole 6a29 and 6a30 SUMMARY OF PREFERRED PLAN RECOMMENDATIONS AND JUSTIFICATION The large number of properties and assets at risk in the
BYPASS IN GROYNE FIELDS: CASE STUDY ALONG THE LOBITO SPIT
BYPASS IN GROYNE FIELDS: CASE STUDY ALONG THE LOBITO SPIT Sten Esbjørn Kristensen 1, Nils Drønen 2, Rolf Deigaard 3, Berry Elfrink 4 Abstract The Lobito spit, in Angola, is fronted by a groyne field along
Physical landscapes River landscapes in the UK
Physical landscapes River landscapes in the UK The shape of river valleys change s as rivers flow downstream - PROCESSES Erosion Abrasion or corrasion Attrition Hydraulic Action Solution or corrosion Deposition
Sediment and Sedimentary rock
Sediment and Sedimentary rock Sediment: An accumulation of loose mineral grains, such as boulders, pebbles, sand, silt or mud, which are not cemented together. Mechanical and chemical weathering produces
QU: Where does sand do jail time? AIM: To explain the sediment cell concept as a system and what human and natural factors create/upset a dynamic
QU: Where does sand do jail time? AIM: To explain the sediment cell concept as a system and what human and natural factors create/upset a dynamic equilibrium. ST: On your copy draw and label future depositional
Importance of Understanding Coastal Landforms
Importance of Understanding Coastal Landforms Costa Concordia Shipwreck, Isola del Giglio, Italy Depositional Coastal Landforms Can interpret landforms in light of geomorphic processes, both terrestrial
Erosion and Deposition
CHAPTER 3 LESSON 2 Erosion and Deposition Landforms Shaped by Water and Wind Key Concepts What are the stages of stream development? How do water erosion and deposition change Earth s surface? How do wind
Surface Processes Focus on Mass Wasting (Chapter 10)
Surface Processes Focus on Mass Wasting (Chapter 10) 1. What is the distinction between weathering, mass wasting, and erosion? 2. What is the controlling force in mass wasting? What force provides resistance?
Coastal Processes and Shoreline Erosion on the Oregon Coast, Cascade Head to Cape Kiwanda
State of Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Vicki S. McConnell, State Geologist Open File Report OFR O-04-11 Coastal Processes and Shoreline Erosion on the Oregon Coast, Cascade Head to
Coastal Processes 101. Greg Berman (Woods Hole Sea Grant & Cape Cod Cooperative Extension)
Coastal Processes 101 Greg Berman (Woods Hole Sea Grant & Cape Cod Cooperative Extension) January 23, 2019 Coastal Processes 101 Outline: ~30 min talk Coastal Processes What is Erosion? Value of the Ecosystem
1. Any process that causes rock to crack or break into pieces is called physical weathering. Initial product = final product
Weathering 1. Any process that causes rock to crack or break into pieces is called physical weathering. Initial product = final product End Result of physical weathering is increased surface area. 2. Physical
Lab 12 Coastal Geology
Lab 12 Coastal Geology I. Fluvial Systems Hydrologic Cycle Runoff that flows into rivers = precipitation (rain and snowmelt) [infiltration (loss to groundwater) + evaporation (loss to atmosphere) + transpiration
What is weathering and how does it change Earth s surface? Answer the question using
7 th Grade Lesson What is weathering and how does it change Earth s surface? Answer the question using the sentence frame. You have 4 minutes. Weathering is. This changes the Earth s surface because. 1
Map 10: Ayrshire Coast: Barassie to Prestwick North Map Content Descriptions
Map 10: Ayrshire Coast: Barassie to Prestwick North Map Content Descriptions 1. Built Heritage and Archaeology A total of thirteen sites were recorded in the area covered by Map 10. Of these nine were
Map 9: Ayrshire Coast: Stevenston Pier to Barassie Map Content Descriptions
Map 9: Ayrshire Coast: Stevenston Pier to Barassie Map Content Descriptions 1. Built Heritage and Archaeology A total of thirteen sites were recorded in the area covered by Map 9. Of these five were previously
core mantle crust the center of the Earth the middle layer of the Earth made up of molten (melted) rock
core the center of the Earth mantle the middle layer of the Earth made up of molten (melted) rock crust the surface layer of the Earth that includes the continents and oceans 1 continental drift the theory
Erosion and Deposition
Erosion and Deposition Erosion Sediment natural forces move rock/soil from one place to another. gravity, water, wind, glaciers, waves are causes material moved by erosion Deposition when erosion lays
SHORT AND LONG TERM IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF COAST DEFENCES ON COASTAL EROSION
SHORT AND LONG TERM IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF COAST DEFENCES ON COASTAL EROSION by 1, Kevin Burgess 1 and Ben Hamer 1 1 Halcrow Group Ltd, Burderop Park, Swindon, Wiltshire, SN4 0QD Abstract: Significant
1. Erosion by Running Water Most powerful cause of erosion
I. Destructive Forces Notes: Destructive force: a process in which land is destroyed or changed such as weathering and erosion. All landforms are a result of a combination of constructive and destructive
Protecting the Storm Damage Prevention and Flood Control Interests of Coastal Resource Areas
Protecting the Storm Damage Prevention and Flood Control Interests of Coastal Resource Areas Presented by: Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection & Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management
1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition
CHAPTER 12 1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition SECTION Agents of Erosion and Deposition BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a shoreline? How
Erosion Control Using
Erosion Control Using Geosynthetics Prof K. Rajagopal Department of Civil Engineering IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036 e-mail: gopalkr@iitm.ac.in i Introduction Erosion is the process of detaching soil particles
Day 3 Weathering and Erosion.notebook. October 02, Section 7.2. Erosion and Deposition. Objectives
Objectives Describe the relationship of gravity to all agents of erosion. Contrast the features left from different types of erosion. Analyze the impact of living and nonliving things on the processes
Science EOG Review: Landforms
Mathematician Science EOG Review: Landforms Vocabulary Definition Term canyon deep, large, V- shaped valley formed by a river over millions of years of erosion; sometimes called gorges (example: Linville
Ch 10 Deposition Practice Questions
1. Base your answer to the following question on the data table below. Six identical cylinders, A through F, were filled with equal volumes of sorted spherical particles. The data table shows the particle
Example Quiz on Earthquakes
Example Quizzes, Tests, and Review Information A Example Quiz on Earthquakes Quizzes such as this one are given at the beginning of each lab. 1. The point beneath the Earth s surface at which an earthquake
1/6/ th Grade Earth s Surface. Chapter 3: Erosion and Deposition. Lesson 1 (Mass Movement)
Lesson 1 (Mass Movement) 7 th Grade Earth s Surface Chapter 3: Erosion and Deposition Weathering the chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth s surface Mechanical weathering when rock
Coastal Sediment Properties and Longshore Sediment Transport
Coastal Sediment Properties and Longshore Sediment Transport Julie Rosati Julie.D.Rosati@erdc.usace.army.mil 601-634-3005 Coastal Planning Course Lesson #8 Tuesday 8:00-9:00 am CEM III-1, III-2 1. Coastal
Bell Ringer. Are soil and dirt the same material? In your explanation be sure to talk about plants.
Bell Ringer Are soil and dirt the same material? In your explanation be sure to talk about plants. 5.3 Mass Movements Triggers of Mass Movements The transfer of rock and soil downslope due to gravity is
Erosion and Accretion Patterns along the Danish Shores
Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management rosion and Accretion Patterns along the Danish Shores Aart Kroon Danish Coasts and Climate Adaptation (COADAPT) Climate Change and Coastal Adaptation
Grade 8 Science. Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2
Grade 8 Science Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2 Oceans are important... 1. Primary water source for the water cycle 2. Control weather 3. Support diverse life 4. Provides humans with food, minerals,
Australian Coastal Councils Conference
Australian Coastal Councils Conference 11 March 2015 Estimating Future Coastal Inundation and Erosion Hazards Dr Andrew McCowan Dr Christine Lauchlan-Arrowsmith Warwick Bishop Background Victorian Future
The Systems Approach. Alun Williams, ABPmer
The Systems Approach Alun Williams, ABPmer Overview What is A Systems Approach? Behavioural / Qualitative Modelling? System Definition / Mapping (Behavioural Statements Objective) What is a Systems Approach?
DESIGN ENGINEERING ANALYSIS FOR TERMINAL GROIN LENGTH
APPENDIX F DESIGN ENGINEERING ANALYSIS FOR TERMINAL GROIN LENGTH (Prepared by Olsen Associates, Inc.) DRAFT Environmental Impact Statement Village of Bald Head Island Shoreline Protection Project Brunswick
Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition Guided Notes
1. Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition 2. Outline Section 1: Weathering Section 2: Erosion Section 3: Deposition Section 4: Case Study Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition Guided Notes 3. Section 1: Weathering
Page 1 of 9 Name: Base your answer to the question on the diagram below. The arrows show the direction in which sediment is being transported along the shoreline. A barrier beach has formed, creating a
Changing Earth s Surface
Name Date Class Changing Earth s Surface What processes wear down and build up Earth s surface? What causes the different types of mass movement? Erosion is the process by which natural forces move weathered
New modelling tools for coastal problems related to climate change
New modelling tools for coastal problems related to climate change Nils Drønen Coastal and Estuarine Department, CED, DHI Climate change and coastal engineering Natural system Beach and dune system Coastal
Coastal Processes 101 & The Regs. Greg Berman (Woods Hole Sea Grant & Cape Cod Cooperative Extension)
Coastal Processes 101 & The Regs Greg Berman (Woods Hole Sea Grant & Cape Cod Cooperative Extension) March 26, 2019 Coastal Processes 101 & The Regs Outline: ~15 min talk Coastal Processes What is Erosion?
Edexcel 2 Landscape systems, processes and change
Edexcel 2 Landscape systems, processes and change Area of the Spec Field Site Research areas Primary data collection Secondary data access Statistical analysis High and low Identifying of different Local
The Erosion Problem: Perspectives. Physical
Greg Berman The Erosion Problem: Perspectives Physical Education Regulation The Erosion Problem: Physical Perspectives What is a hotspot? Erosion Rate / Vulnerability / Frame of Reference Sandwich Town
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, and Landscape Development
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, and Landscape Development I. Weathering - the breakdown of rocks into smaller particles, also called sediments, by natural processes. Weathering is further divided into
Scenarios for the NI coast in the 21 st Century
Scenarios for the NI coast in the 21 st Century Prof Julian Orford Geography, Archaeology & Palaeoecology Queen s University, Belfast Challenging perspective Living by the coast is good for your health!
UNIT 1: WATER SYSTEMS ON EARTH CHAPTER 2: OCEANS CONTROL THE WATER CYCLE
UNIT 1: WATER SYSTEMS ON EARTH CHAPTER 2: OCEANS CONTROL THE WATER CYCLE ORIGINS OF OCEAN WATER OCEANS HAVE FILLED OVER HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS OF YEARS SCIENTISTS BELIEVE THE OCEANS ARE MORE THAN 3 BILLION
UNIT 3 GEOLOGY VOCABULARY FLASHCARDS THESE KEY VOCABULARY WORDS AND PHRASES APPEAR ON THE UNIT 3 CBA
UNIT 3 GEOLOGY VOCABULARY FLASHCARDS THESE KEY VOCABULARY WORDS AND PHRASES APPEAR ON THE UNIT 3 CBA A map that shows Earth s Topographic Map surface topography, which is Earth s shape and features Contour
New GCSE Geography AQA
Learning Checklist Half Term 1 26 th September 3 rd October 10 th October 17 th October 1.1.1 Tectonic Hazards Plate tectonics theory. Global distribution of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and their
Phillip Island Nature Parks Coastal Process Study 8 October 2014
Phillip Island Nature Parks Coastal Process Study 8 October 2014 Project Overview Coastal Geology Basaltic and fragmented lavas, granite at Pyramid Rock and Cape Woolamai Weathered basalt (>10m thick)
EROSION AND DEPOSITION
CHAPTER 8 EROSION AND DEPOSITION SECTION 8 1 Changing Earth s Surface (pages 252-255) This section explains how sediment is carried away and deposited elsewhere to wear down and build up Earth s surface.
27. Running Water I (p ; )
27. Running Water I (p. 424-436; 440-444) Hydrosphere How much of the Earth s surface is covered by water? Earth's water is collectively called the and is stored in a number of so-called as follows: 1.
6. SURVEY MAPS OF THE ISLE OF ARRAN MAP 1: DRUMADOON POINT TO AIRD NAN RON
6. SURVEY MAPS OF THE ISLE OF ARRAN MAP 1: DRUMADOON POINT TO AIRD NAN RON Hinterland Geology and Coastal Geomorphology: Both Permian sandstone and Triassic mudstones are represented in this coastal section.
GenCade. Combining and Extending the GENESIS and Cascade Models for Planning and Design in a Regional Sediment Management Framework
GenCade Combining and Extending the GENESIS and Cascade Models for Planning and Design in a Regional Sediment Management Framework G Presented by Nicholas C. Kraus For the GenCade Development Team Ken
Topic 6: Weathering, Erosion and Erosional-Deposition Systems (workbook p ) Workbook Chapter 4, 5 WEATHERING
Topic 6: Weathering, Erosion and Erosional-Deposition Systems (workbook p. 95-125) Workbook Chapter 4, 5 THE BIG PICTURE: Weathering, erosion and deposition are processes that cause changes to rock material
Depositional Environment
Depositional Environment Sedimentary depositional environment describes the combination of physical, chemical and biological processes associated with the deposition of a particular type of sediment. Types
Which map shows the stream drainage pattern that most likely formed on the surface of this volcano? A) B)
1. When snow cover on the land melts, the water will most likely become surface runoff if the land surface is A) frozen B) porous C) grass covered D) unconsolidated gravel Base your answers to questions
Lecture 10 Glaciers and glaciation
Lecture 10 Glaciers and glaciation Outline Importance of ice to people! Basics of glaciers formation, classification, mechanisms of movement Glacial landscapes erosion and deposition by glaciers and the
Looking after Lyme Regis
Looking after Lyme Regis Lyme Regis sits on one of the most unstable stretches of coastline in the country. The highly active and unstable nature of the land which Lyme Regis is built upon can easily be
Pratice Surface Processes Test
1. The cross section below shows the movement of wind-driven sand particles that strike a partly exposed basalt cobble located at the surface of a windy desert. Which cross section best represents the
EXTERNAL LAND FORMING PROCESSES
NAME SCHOOL INDEX NUMBER DATE EXTERNAL LAND FORMING PROCESSES WEATHERING 1 1998 Q 7 (a) (i) What is the difference between weathering and mass wasting (ii) List five processes involved in chemical weathering
Objectives: Define Relative Age, Absolute Age
S6E5. Students will investigate the scientific view of how the earth s surface is formed. c. Classify rocks by their process of formation. g. Describe how fossils show evidence of the changing surface
Elements of Ocean Engineering Prof. Ashoke Bhar Department of Ocean Engineering and Naval Architecture Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
Elements of Ocean Engineering Prof. Ashoke Bhar Department of Ocean Engineering and Naval Architecture Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture - 4 Physical Oceanography - IV (Refer Slide Time:
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition The breakdown of rocks at or near the Earth s Surface. Physical Chemical - The breakdown of rock into smaller pieces without chemical change. - Dominant in moist /cold conditions
Landscape. Review Note Cards
Landscape Review Note Cards Last Ice Age Pleistocene Epoch that occurred about 22,000 Years ago Glacier A large, long lasting mass of ice which forms on land and moves downhill because of gravity. Continental
Name Roy G Biv Page 1
Name Roy G Biv Base your answers to questions 1 through 3 on the diagram below. The arrows show the direction in which sediment is being transported along the shoreline. A barrier beach has formed, creating
Environment Bay of Plenty Ohope Beach system
Environment Bay of Plenty 7 5. Ohope Beach system Environmental Publication 27/ NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring Environment Bay of Plenty 5..1 Ohope Spit (CCS 9) Discussion The site is located 2m to the
Environmental concerns for marina planning in the Gulf of Suez
Journal of Coastal Conservation 6: 51-56, 2000 EUCC; Opulus Press Uppsala. Printed in Sweden - Environmental concerns for marina planning in the Gulf of Suez - 51 Environmental concerns for marina planning
Dunes Growth Estimation for Coastal Protection
Dunes Growth Estimation for Coastal Protection Muhammad Zikra Department of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Marine Technology, ITS, Kampus ITS Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111 Abstract: This paper describes
Annual transport rates at two locations on the fore-slope.
Sediment Transport by Currents Fore-slope Sediment transport rates and sediment concentrations were computed from the hydrodynamic model runs as well as from direct measurements of current velocities at
Potential short answer questions: What is Pangea? Describe at least 4 pieces of evidence that led Wegener to suggest the theory of Continental Drift.
6th Grade Earth Science Fall Semester Mid-Term Study Guide The mid-term may include: 4 short answer questions,1-2 sketches to draw and/or label, 4 partially filled charts which you should complete, 30
MODELING OF EROSION CONTROL ALTERNATIVES AT STUMP PASS, CHARLOTTE COUNTY
2014 NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BEACH PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGY FEBRUARY 13, 2014 MODELING OF EROSION CONTROL ALTERNATIVES AT STUMP PASS, CHARLOTTE COUNTY 1 VADIM ALYMOV, PH.D. 2 CHUCK MOPPS 3 MICHAEL POFF,
For the multiple-choice questions, completely fill in the circle alongside the appropriate answer.
DRAFT SPECIMEN MATERIAL A-level GEOGRAPHY Paper 1 Physical geography Specimen Question Paper Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes Materials For this paper you must have: a pencil a rubber a ruler. You may