New modelling tools for coastal problems related to climate change
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1 New modelling tools for coastal problems related to climate change Nils Drønen Coastal and Estuarine Department, CED, DHI
2 Climate change and coastal engineering Natural system Beach and dune system Coastal erosion Coastline evolution Time scales: Seasons, extreme events, decadal evolution Infrastructure Influence on environment (bypass harbours, breakwaters, revetments, ) Local damage (scour, erosion, sedimentation, ) Coastal erosion management Nourishment (soft solutions) Hard structure shore protection (detached breakwaters, groynes, revements, ) Coastal Flooding Dunes and dikes Threshold (critical wave height/water level) affected by long term processes Catastrophic events affects long term development
3 New Tools 1m-10m 1-10 s 10m-100m 100m-1km 1km-10 km 1-10 min 1-24 h 1-7 d 1-10 yr
4 New Tools 1m-10m 1-10 s Dune and Dikes Erosion 10m-100m 100m-1km 1km-10 km Run-up Overtopping Downrush Profile evolution Nourishment 1-10 min M21BW+ Wave model 1-24 h 1-7 d 1-10 yr
5 New Tools 1m-10m 1-10 s Dune and Dikes Erosion 10m-100m 100m-1km 1km-10 km Run-up Overtopping Downrush Profile evolution Nourishment 1-10 min 1-24 h M21BW+ Wave model Prescribed dike/dune breach Hinterland flooding Dynamic flooding MIKE21 Flooding 1-7 d 1-10 yr
6 New Tools 1m-10m 1-10 s Dune and Dikes Erosion 10m-100m 100m-1km 1km-10 km Run-up Overtopping Downrush Profile evolution Nourishment 1-10 min 1-24 h M21BW+ Wave model Prescribed dike/dune breach Hinterland flooding Dynamic flooding 1-7 d MIKE21 Flooding Bypass harbours 1-10 yr Hard structure shore protection Hybrid model Beach nourishment
7 New Tools 1m-10m 1-10 s Dune and Dikes Erosion 10m-100m 100m-1km 1km-10 km Run-up Overtopping Downrush Profile evolution Nourishment 1-10 min 1-24 h M21BW+ Wave model Prescribed dike/dune breach Hinterland flooding Dynamic flooding 1-7 d 1-10 yr Climate scenario Consequence analysis Hazard and risk assessment Mitigation measures Dynamic decision making Newest knowledge => best boundary conditions MIKE21 Flooding Hard structure shore protection Bypass harbours Hybrid model Beach nourishment
8 New Tools 1m-10m 1-10 s Dune and Dikes Erosion 10m-100m 100m-1km 1km-10 km Run-up Overtopping Downrush Profile evolution Nourishment 1-10 min M21BW+ Wave model 1-24 h 1-7 d 1-10 yr
9 Breaching and flooding MIKE21 BW+ MIKE21 FM, HD/SW Run-up formula Overtopping formula MIKE21 FM, HD
10 MIKE21 BW run-up
11 MIKE21BW overtopping
12 Breaching of dikes (and dunes) Initation and development: Wave overtopping General flow
13 MIKE21 BW Backside erosion - wave induced (soft barrier)
14 Dike strength? MIKE21 BW shear erosion, dikes τ c,clay > τ c,sand
15 Dike strength? Overtopping simulator? van der Meer et al. 2009
16 Dune erosion MIKE21 BW Dune erosion
17 Dune erosion tests MIKE21 BW Dune erosion, model versus lab tests
18 Dune erosion profile evolution
19 Detailed modelling - conclusions New/revised M21BW tool represents an interesting alternative to empirical models The tool has a better resolution than present available tools (Xbeach) The tool can potentially be used to estimate hydrodynamic parameteres The tool can potentially be used to estimate erosion and profile evolution
20 New Tools 1m-10m 1-10 s Dune and Dikes Erosion 10m-100m 100m-1km 1km-10 km Run-up Overtopping Downrush Profile evolution Nourishment 1-10 min 1-24 h M21BW+ Wave model Prescribed dike/dune breach Hinterland flooding Dynamic flooding MIKE21 Flooding 1-7 d 1-10 yr
21 Hinterland indundation MIKE21 FM, HD 1. Prescribed breach in dike/dune 2. Hydraulic resistance formulation for overflow 3. Line structure approach
22 Hinterland indundation MIKE21 FM, HD Development of breach
23 Hinterland indundation: New feature MIKE21 FM, HD - Prescribed breach Dike represented by a line => less computational cells Breach develops in time according to prescribed evolution Added hydraulic resistance over line structure
24 Test example Video: Hinterland_ex
25 Hinterland flooding model - conclusions Strong tool for risk modelling flooding consequences for hinterland Breach location, size and temporal evolution is prescribed
26 New Tools 1m-10m 1-10 s Dune and Dikes Erosion 10m-100m 100m-1km 1km-10 km Run-up Overtopping Downrush Profile evolution Nourishment 1-10 min 1-24 h M21BW+ Wave model Prescribed dike/dune breach Hinterland flooding Dynamic flooding 1-7 d MIKE21 Flooding Bypass harbours 1-10 yr Hard structure shore protection LITLINE+ Beach nourishment (M21 extension)
27 New Long Term Morphology Model Model type Area modeling (MIKE21) 1-line modeling (LITLINE) PROS Detailed representaion of physics: Wave/Bathymetry nonuniformity, current intertia, circulation,... Short CPU time. Coastal profile is not degenerated. CONS Long CPU time. Morphological simulations tend to drift /degenerate coastal profile for long term sims Assuming alongshore uniformity. Profile is not evolving.
28 New Long term morphological model Combination of two model types 1) Morphological area modeling 2) 1-line shoreline evolution model Hybrid model: Area modeling of waves, currents and sediment transport + 1-line shoreline evolution for morphology
29 Example: Offshore breakwater Survey Shoreline model
30 Status model development and release MIKE21 BW is still work in progress (inhouse version) MIKE21 HD dike lines with prescribed dike breaching will be released (2013) MIKE21/LITLINE Hybrid one-line model will be implemented in MIKE21 FM
31 Thank you for your attention!
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