Theme 3. Plate tectonics theory
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1 Theme 3. Plate tectonics theory 3.1. General principles 3.2. Mantle convection 3.3. Types of plate boundaries
2 Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever The lithosphere is underlain by a plastic layer of the mantle, the asthenosphere, over which the plates can move.
3 The theory of plate tectonics describes: -the movement of plates; -the forces acting between them.
4 The theory of plate tectonics explains: -continental drift; -volcanoes; -earthquakes; -the distribution of mountain chains; -rock assemblages; -structures on the seafloor.
5 Continental drift 3.1. General principles Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
6 Source: USGS
7 Source: internet
8 Source: USGS
9 Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
10 Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
11 Plate tectonics theory by whom?
12 Plate tectonics theory by whom? By the close of the nineteenth century, Eduard Suess had put together some of the pieces of the puzzle. Source: internet
13 Plate tectonics theory by whom? Remarkable similarity of rocks, geologic structures, and fossils on opposite sidesoftheatlantic Alfred Wegener(1915) Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
14 Plate tectonics theory by whom? In the early 1960s, Harry Hess and Robert Dietz proposed that the crust separates along the rifts in mid-ocean ridges and that new seafloor forms by upwelling of hot new crust into these cracks. Source: internet
15 Plate tectonics theory by whom? -by a group of geologists and other scientists. The basic elements of the plate tectonics theory were established by the end of 1968.
16 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
17 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
18 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
19 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
20 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
21 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
22 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
23 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
24 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
25 PANGAEA? Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
26 3.2. Mantle convection
27 3.2. Mantle convection
28 3.2. Mantle convection Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
29 3.2. Mantle convection Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
30 3.2. Mantle convection The general process, in which hotter material rises and cooler material sinks, is called convection.
31 3.2. Mantle convection The convecting mantle and its overlying mosaic of lithospheric plates constitute the plate tectonic system. Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
32 3.3. Types of plate boundaries
33 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: USGS
34 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
35 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
36 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
37 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
38 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
39 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
40 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
41 3.3. Types of plate boundaries Source: Understanding Earth J.Grotzinger, T.H. Jordan, F. Press, R. Siever
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