Graham Cracker Plate Tectonics

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Graham Cracker Plate Tectonics"

Transcription

1 Graham Cracker Plate Tectonics Purpose 1. To identify and demonstrate the forces that shape the features of the Earth 2. To understand how plate boundaries interact with each other and the features created as they drift atop the slow moving asthenosphere. 3. To represent the natural world by creating models and analyzing their limitations Materials 1 Graham Crackers Cake frosting Wax paper I Piece of Fruit Rollup Small cup of water 1 Plastic knife Napkins or paper towels Background Information The main force (push or pull) that shapes our planet s surface over long periods of time is the movement of the Earth s outer layer (crust). This outer layer of crust is divided into plates that move very slowly at rates of several centimeters per year. That is about how fast your fingernails grow! Movements deep within the Earth, carry heat from the hot interior to the cooler surface, causing the plates to move (convection). As the plates move, the continents also move or drift over the Earth s surface. The movement of the Earth s plates, especially at the plate boundaries where the plates meet, produces features on the continents and on the ocean floor. Looking at the World map, you may have noticed that the continents seem to fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. In the early 1900 s, a German scientist named Alfred Wegener developed a hypothesis to explain this observation. He found evidence that the continents that existed millions of years ago moved together. As the continents collided, they formed one large landmass or supercontinent called Pangea. The supercontinent later broke apart to form our modern World map.

2 Terms Pangaea name of the single landmass that broke apart about 250 million years ago also termed whole Earth. Plates sections of the lithosphere that make up the outermost layer of Earth. Plate Tectonics Theory the theory that states the Earth s plates move in a constant, slow motion and interact with each other to produce features of the Earth. Lithosphere the rigid layer that includes the uppermost mantle and crust. Asthenosphere uppermost plastic-like layer of the mantle that is just below the lithosphere. Continental crust the thicker but less dense area of the Earth s lithosphere that lies beneath the continents. Oceanic crust - the thinner but more dense area of the Earth s lithosphere the lies beneath the oceans. Convection the transfer of heat by movements of a current through a fluid. Convergent boundary places where the plates push together; mountains often form where continental plates collide and shift. Subduction when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the more dense oceanic plate moves under the less dense continental plate; volcanoes often form when subduction occurs. Divergent boundary - places where plates are moving apart, forming rift valleys (on land) and sea floor spreading (at the bottom of the ocean) (see textbook p.287). Transform boundary places where plates slide past each other horizontally; the sliding motion causes earthquakes. Answer the questions using your knowledge from this activity, your text and other handouts. Procedures, Observations, and Questions Spread about a 1cm thick layer of frosting on the wax paper. Carefully break your graham cracker into 4 sections. Place one graham cracker on the layer of frosting. Dip the end of the other cracker in the cup of water for about 1 second and gently place it small end to small end with the other cracker. Push the dry cracker and wet cracker together. Draw and label your observations in the space below. (use arrows to show the direction of movement)

3 1. What type of boundary does this model? 2. What land feature does this model? 3. What are some limitations of this model? 4. Which layer(s) of the Earth are represented by the graham crackers? 5. Which layer of the Earth does the frosting represent? 6. Carefully remove the two crackers, smooth the frosting with the knife and place two dry crackers long side by long side on the frosting. Slide the crackers past each other from side to side. Draw and label your observations in the space below. (use arrows to show the direction of plate movement) 7. What type of boundary does this model? 8. What catastrophic event is normally caused by this motion? 9. Explain the process that causes the Earth s plates to move?

4 10. Carefully remove the crackers and smooth the frosting. Take two crackers and place them long side by long side on the frosting. Gently pull the crackers apart just a few millimeters. Draw and label your observations in the space below. (use arrows to show the direction of plate movement) 11. What type of boundary and landform does this model represent? 12. Carefully remove the crackers and smooth the frosting. Place one dry cracker on the frosting, divide the fruit roll-up into four pieces and then place one piece of fruit rollup on the frosting next to the side of the cracker. Push down gently on the fruit rollup, then gently push the cracker towards the fruit rollup until it starts to slide over the rollup. Draw and label your observations in the space below. (use arrows to show the direction of plate movement) 13. What type of boundary does this model? 14. What is the process called that is being modeled and what is the land formation that can be caused by this plate movement? 15. Remove the cracker, smooth the frosting, and place two pieces of fruit roll-up side by side on the frosting, now gently push down and pull away both crackers at the same time. Draw and label your observations in the space below. (use arrows to show the direction of plate movement) 16. What type of boundary and landform does this model represent?

5

Unit 4 Lesson 6 Plate Tectonics

Unit 4 Lesson 6 Plate Tectonics Unit 4 Lesson 6 Plate Tectonics Indiana Standards 7.2.1 Describe how the earth is a layered structure composed of lithospheric plates, a mantle and a dense core. 7.2.4 Explain how convection currents in

More information

Earth s Interior. Use Target Reading Skills. Exploring Inside Earth

Earth s Interior. Use Target Reading Skills. Exploring Inside Earth Plate Tectonics Name Date Class Earth s Interior This section explains how scientists learn about Earth s interior. The section also describes the layers that make up Earth and explains why Earth acts

More information

The Theory of Plate Tectonics

The Theory of Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics Objectives Describe how plates move. Explain the features of plate tectonics. Describe the types of plate boundaries and the features that can form and events that can occur at each. The

More information

Unit 4 Lesson 2 Plate Tectonics. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 4 Lesson 2 Plate Tectonics. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Puzzling Evidence What evidence suggests that continents move? In the late 1800s, Alfred Wegener proposed his hypothesis of continental drift. According to this hypothesis, the continents once formed a

More information

Finding Fault with Food or Modeling Plate Movement

Finding Fault with Food or Modeling Plate Movement Finding Fault with Food or Modeling Plate Movement Objective: Use models to describe how tectonic plates cause major geological events such as; ocean basins, earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building.

More information

sonar seismic wave basalt granite

sonar seismic wave basalt granite geologist sonar crust geology seismic wave mantle constructive force basalt inner core destructive force granite outer core The solid, rocky, surface layer of the earth. an instrument that can find objects

More information

Outcome C&D Study Guide

Outcome C&D Study Guide Name: Class: Outcome C&D Study Guide Identify the layers of Earth s interior Lithosphere the upper most layer of the earth that includes the crust and the hard outer mantle. It is fractured into tectonic

More information

TECTONIC PLATES. reflect

TECTONIC PLATES. reflect reflect Has anyone ever told you to sit still? You may do as you re told, but in truth, you can never really sit still. You have probably already learned that Earth is constantly moving through space,

More information

Snack Tectonics or Modeling Plate Movement

Snack Tectonics or Modeling Plate Movement Snack Tectonics or Modeling Plate Movement Objective: Use models to describe how tectonic plates cause major geological events such as; ocean basins, earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building. Questions:

More information

10/27/2014. Before We Begin, You Need to Understand These Terms: Earth s Structural Key Elements & the Hazards of Plate Movement

10/27/2014. Before We Begin, You Need to Understand These Terms: Earth s Structural Key Elements & the Hazards of Plate Movement Earth s Structural Key Elements & the Hazards of Plate Movement Before We Begin, You Need to Understand These Terms: Density Convection Currents AICE EM: Lithosphere Key Content 1 & 2 Density: heat rises,

More information

22.4 Plate Tectonics. Africa

22.4 Plate Tectonics. Africa The Red Sea between Africa and the Arabian peninsula in Asia marks a region where two pieces of the lithosphere are slowly moving apart. Over the next 100 million years, the Red Sea could become an ocean.

More information

Name Date Class. How have geologists learned about Earth s inner structure? What are the characteristics of Earth s crust, mantle, and core?

Name Date Class. How have geologists learned about Earth s inner structure? What are the characteristics of Earth s crust, mantle, and core? Chapter 4 Plate Tectonics Section 1 Summary Earth s Interior How have geologists learned about Earth s inner structure? What are the characteristics of Earth s crust, mantle, and core? Earth s surface

More information

Theory of Continental Drift

Theory of Continental Drift Plate Tectonics Theory of Continental Drift Alfred Wegener suggested that continents had once been part of a supercontinent named Pangaea, that later broke up. The pieces moved apart over millions of years

More information

identify the three types of plate boundaries, model how plates can move, and identify some features plate movements can create.

identify the three types of plate boundaries, model how plates can move, and identify some features plate movements can create. Key Question How can you use models to learn about what takes place along the boundaries of plates? Learning Goals identify the three types of plate boundaries, model how plates can move, and identify

More information

UNIT 11 PLATE TECTONICS

UNIT 11 PLATE TECTONICS UNIT 11 PLATE TECTONICS A. ALFRED WEGENER 1. Continental drift hypothesis Single supercontinent called Pangaea 200 million years ago Pangaea (all land) began to break up and started drifting to their present

More information

Exploring Inside the Earth

Exploring Inside the Earth Plate Tectonics Exploring Inside the Earth Geologists have used evidence from rock samples and evidence from seismic waves to learn about Earth s interior. Geologists are scientists who study the forces

More information

Plate Tectonic Vocabulary Chapter 10 Pages

Plate Tectonic Vocabulary Chapter 10 Pages Name: Period: Plate Tectonic Vocabulary Chapter 10 Pages 239-260 Vocabulary Word What is this? What are some examples? What does it look like? (draw a picture or diagram) Continental drift Mid-ocean ridge

More information

Unit 11: Plate Tectonics

Unit 11: Plate Tectonics Unit 11: Plate Tectonics A. Alfred Wegner 1. Continental drift hypothesis a. single supercontinent called Pangaea b. 200 million years ago Pangaea (all land) began to break up and started drifting to their

More information

SUBSURFACE CHANGES TO EARTH. Ms. Winkle

SUBSURFACE CHANGES TO EARTH. Ms. Winkle SUBSURFACE CHANGES TO EARTH Ms. Winkle OVERVIEW Subsurface events: occurring inside the crust and mantle Moving the lithosphere due to the convection currents in the asthenosphere Main Theories: 1912 Wegener,

More information

Snackin Plate Tectonics

Snackin Plate Tectonics Name of group members: Date: Period: Snackin Plate Tectonics Purpose of Activity: To model the interactions of Earth s lithosphere (tectonic plates) as they slowly move on the Earth s upper mantle (asthenosphere),

More information

Earth s Changing Surface

Earth s Changing Surface Earth s Changing Surface Tectonics What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you agree with the statement or

More information

Continental Drift. Wegener theory that the crustal plates are moving and once were a super continent called Pangaea.

Continental Drift. Wegener theory that the crustal plates are moving and once were a super continent called Pangaea. PLATE TECTONICS WHAT IS TECTONICS? Tectonism is the faulting or folding or other deformation of the outer layer of a planet. It happens very slowly, on the scale of millions of years. Tectonic activity

More information

Chapter 5 Notes: Plate Tectonics

Chapter 5 Notes: Plate Tectonics Chapter 5 Notes: Plate Tectonics Earth s Interior Scientists learn about the interior of Earth in 2 ways o Direct Method Rock Samples Drilling Caves o Indirect Method Seismic Waves Speed of waves and paths

More information

Plate Tectonics Lab. By PresenterMedia.com

Plate Tectonics Lab. By PresenterMedia.com Plate Tectonics Lab By PresenterMedia.com Pre-Lab Reading with Questions The theory of plate tectonics states that the crust of the Earth is composed of 7 major plates and numerous smaller plates. These

More information

1. List the 3 main layers of Earth from the most dense to the least dense.

1. List the 3 main layers of Earth from the most dense to the least dense. 1. List the 3 main layers of Earth from the most dense to the least dense. 2. List the 6 layers of earth based on their physical properties from the least dense to the most dense. 3. The thinnest layer

More information

The Theory of Continental Drift. Continental Drift Discovery

The Theory of Continental Drift. Continental Drift Discovery The Theory of Continental Drift Continental Drift Discovery The World ALFRED WEGENER THEORY OF CONTINENTAL DRIFT Found evidence for PANGAEA and proposed the theory of continental drift. Continental Drift

More information

Name Test Date Hour. the interior of the Earth to the surface. younger less dense plate.

Name Test Date Hour. the interior of the Earth to the surface. younger less dense plate. Name Test Date Hour Earth Processes#2 - Notebook Plate Tectonics LEARNING TARGETS I can identify and describe the three main layers of Earth. I can explain the difference between an oceanic and a continental

More information

Ch. 9 Review. Pgs #1-31 Write Questions and Answers

Ch. 9 Review. Pgs #1-31 Write Questions and Answers Ch. 9 Review Pgs. 356-357 #1-31 Write Questions and Answers 356-357 #1-5 Answers 1. The layer of the upper mantle that can flow is the: A - Asthenosphere 2. Most scientists rejected Wegener s theory of

More information

Section 1: Continental Drift

Section 1: Continental Drift Plate Tectonics Section 1 Section 1: Continental Drift Preview Key Ideas Wegener s Hypothesis Sea-Floor Spreading Paleomagnetism Wegener Redeemed Continental Drift (Pangaea) Plate Tectonics Section 1 Key

More information

Continental Drift. & Plate Tectonics

Continental Drift. & Plate Tectonics Continental Drift & Plate Tectonics Alfred Wegener, a German scientist, proposed the hypothesis of CONTINENTAL DRIFT, in 1912. Hypothesis stated: All Earth s continents were once a single landmass (Pangaea)

More information

I. Earth s Layers a. Crust: Earth s outside layer. Made of mostly rock. i. Continental: er; made of mostly granite, forms the continents and shallow

I. Earth s Layers a. Crust: Earth s outside layer. Made of mostly rock. i. Continental: er; made of mostly granite, forms the continents and shallow I. Earth s Layers a. Crust: Earth s outside layer. Made of mostly rock. i. Continental: er; made of mostly granite, forms the continents and shallow sea beds, floats! ii. Oceanic: er; dense rock such as

More information

EARTH S INTERIOR, EVIDENCE FOR PLATE TECTONICS AND PLATE BOUNDARIES

EARTH S INTERIOR, EVIDENCE FOR PLATE TECTONICS AND PLATE BOUNDARIES EARTH S INTERIOR, EVIDENCE FOR PLATE TECTONICS AND PLATE BOUNDARIES LAYERS OF THE EARTH Crust Inner Core Most Dense Solid Iron & Nickel Mantle Thickest layer Outer Core Liquid Iron & Nickel ANOTHER LOOK

More information

CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY

CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY Proof or crazy idea? CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY What is Continental Drift Theory? Continental drift theory (CDT): Alfred Wegener found all the continents were once together called

More information

1. occurs when the oceanic crust slides under the continental crust.

1. occurs when the oceanic crust slides under the continental crust. 1. occurs when the oceanic crust slides under the continental crust. 2. What type of stress is shown? 3. Where two plates slide past one another is called a boundary. 4. What type of stress is shown? 5.

More information

Key Question How can you use models to learn about constructive and destructive forces on the Earth? Learning Goals

Key Question How can you use models to learn about constructive and destructive forces on the Earth? Learning Goals Key Question How can you use models to learn about constructive and destructive forces on the Earth? Learning Goals identify how plate boundaries can contribute to constructive and destructive forces,

More information

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics 9.1 Continental Drift An Idea Before Its Time Wegener s continental drift hypothesis stated that the continents had once been joined

More information

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics 9.1 Continental Drift An Idea Before Its Time Wegener s continental drift hypothesis stated that the continents had once been joined

More information

1. What is Wegener s theory of continental drift? 2. What were the 4 evidences supporting his theory? 3. Why wasn t Wegener s theory excepted?

1. What is Wegener s theory of continental drift? 2. What were the 4 evidences supporting his theory? 3. Why wasn t Wegener s theory excepted? Notebook 7a and 7b Objective (left-side): Students will be able to explain the theory of plate tectonics and be able to make predictions about plate interactions. Mapping Reflection 1. What is Wegener

More information

Plate Tectonics. Chapter 5

Plate Tectonics. Chapter 5 Plate Tectonics Chapter 5 Earth s Interior Scientists learn about the interior of Earth in 2 ways Direct Method Rock Samples Drilling Caves Earth s Interior Indirect Method Seismic Waves Speed of waves

More information

Earth s Interior StudyGuide

Earth s Interior StudyGuide Name Date Period Earth s Interior StudyGuide 1. The two main elements that make up the Earth s crust are and. 2. The Earth s inner core is made of solid and. 3. When one plates slides under another plate

More information

PLATE TECTONICS REVIEW GAME!!!!

PLATE TECTONICS REVIEW GAME!!!! PLATE TECTONICS REVIEW GAME!!!! Name the four layers of the earth - crust - mantle - outer core - inner core Which part of Earth s structure contains tectonic plates? LITHOSPHERE Name one reason why the

More information

Plate Tectonics. Continental Drift Sea Floor Spreading Plate Boundaries

Plate Tectonics. Continental Drift Sea Floor Spreading Plate Boundaries Plate Tectonics Continental Drift Sea Floor Spreading Plate Boundaries Continental Drift 1915, Alfred Wegener - Pangea hypothesis: suggested Earth s continents were part of a large super-continent 200

More information

Science 10 PROVINCIAL EXAM STUDY BOOKLET. Unit 4. Earth Science

Science 10 PROVINCIAL EXAM STUDY BOOKLET. Unit 4. Earth Science Science 10 PROVNCAL EXAM STUDY BOOKLET Unit 4 Earth Science Student nstructions 1. Ensure that you have blank paper and a Data Booklet. 2. Record all answers on a separate piece of paper. 3. Answer keys

More information

Name: Date: Per. Plate Tectonics Study Guide (Ch. 5)

Name: Date: Per. Plate Tectonics Study Guide (Ch. 5) Name: Date: Per. Plate Tectonics Study Guide (Ch. 5) 1. Fill in the Chart about heat Transfer Types Description Examples Where it takes place Radiation Sun s rays reaching earth Heat Transfer between objects

More information

UNIT 6 PLATE TECTONICS

UNIT 6 PLATE TECTONICS UNIT 6 PLATE TECTONICS CONTINENTAL DRIFT Alfred Wegner proposed the theory that the crustal plates are moving over the mantle. He argued that today s continents once formed a single landmass, called Pangaea

More information

PLATE TECTONICS 11/13/ Investigations of glaciers also indicated that the land masses on Earth were once a supercontinent.

PLATE TECTONICS 11/13/ Investigations of glaciers also indicated that the land masses on Earth were once a supercontinent. PLATE TECTONICS Alfred Wegener thought that the landmasses fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. He called the land mass Pangaea. Meaning all land Continental Drift Wegener theory first coining the word -

More information

Name Date Class. Plate Tectonics

Name Date Class. Plate Tectonics Chapter Review Plate Tectonics Part A. Vocabulary Review Directions: Write the term that matches each description below in the spaces provided. Then unscramble the letters in the boxes to reveal the mystery

More information

5. Convergent boundaries produce a relatively low number of earthquakes compared to other boundaries. a. True

5. Convergent boundaries produce a relatively low number of earthquakes compared to other boundaries. a. True 1. Earth s crust is thinner than its mantle. ANSWER: True 2. The concept of isostacy states that high-density rock will stand higher than low-density rock, which explains the formation of subduction zones.

More information

Ch 9.1 Notes. Objective: Be able to explain the theory of plate tectonics and be able to explain evidence that supports it.

Ch 9.1 Notes. Objective: Be able to explain the theory of plate tectonics and be able to explain evidence that supports it. Ch 9.1 Notes Objective: Be able to explain the theory of plate tectonics and be able to explain evidence that supports it. Pangaea Alfred Wegener proposed that land on Earth formed a single, huge landmass.

More information

PLATE TECTONICS Chapter 4 Notes

PLATE TECTONICS Chapter 4 Notes PLATE TECTONICS Chapter 4 Notes Review Earth s Interior Ch 1. Geologists have used two main types of evidence to learn about Earth s interior: Direct evidence from rocks drilled from deep inside Earth

More information

Plate Tectonics Scavenger Hunt

Plate Tectonics Scavenger Hunt Plate Tectonics Scavenger Hunt Directions: GO TO TEACHER WEBPAGE FOR LINKS TO WEBSITES! Read each page from the websites very carefully and use the information given to complete the scavenger hunt. SITE:

More information

The Four Layers The Earth is composed of four different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and

The Four Layers The Earth is composed of four different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and Earth s Structure The Four Layers The Earth is composed of four different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is much hotter and

More information

Slow and Steady By ReadWorks

Slow and Steady By ReadWorks By ReadWorks How did all the amazing things on our planet form? How did magnificent mountain ranges rise up in one place and beautiful beaches form elsewhere? Why do some places experience earthquakes

More information

Mr. Petersen EARTH SCIENCE LESSON th Grade

Mr. Petersen EARTH SCIENCE LESSON th Grade Teacher Prep Materials and stuff needed: Cutout Glue Sticks or Rice Glue PowerPoint Plate Tectonics Set up the students for taking notes. Model for the students using the camera projector. Use the Prentice

More information

Core. Crust. Mesosphere. Asthenosphere. Mantle. Inner core. Lithosphere. Outer core

Core. Crust. Mesosphere. Asthenosphere. Mantle. Inner core. Lithosphere. Outer core Potter Name: Date: Hour: Score: /21 Learning Check 4.1 LT 4.1 Earth s Interior: I can draw and interpret models of the interior of the earth. Draw the following models (put the words in the right order)

More information

Plate Tectonics and fun Earth Stuff

Plate Tectonics and fun Earth Stuff Plate Tectonics and fun Earth Stuff Set Up - 1 large graham cracker - 2 3-in squares of fruit roll up - 1 cup of water - Frosting/cool whip - Wax paper or plate - Plastic spoon http://learningplatetectonics.weebly.com/activity.html

More information

Mohorovicic discontinuity separates the crust and the upper mantle.

Mohorovicic discontinuity separates the crust and the upper mantle. Structure of the Earth Chapter 7 The Earth is divided into 3 Main Layers 1. Crust outermost layer 1% of the Earth s mass thickness varies: 5 100 km two types: oceanic denser continental Mohorovicic discontinuity

More information

Plate Tectonics. How do the plates move?

Plate Tectonics. How do the plates move? Plate Tectonics How do the plates move? Continental Drift Hypothesis In 1915, Alfred Wegener s hypothesis about Continental Drift couldn t explain the forces that could move continents. Wegener wasn t

More information

The Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics

The Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics The Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics Structure of the Earth The Earth is made up of 4 main layers: Inner Core Outer Core Mantle Crust Crust Mantle Outer core Inner core The Crust This is where

More information

Theory of Plate Tectonics

Theory of Plate Tectonics Theory of Plate Tectonics The Theory of Plate Tectonics Plate tectonics is the theory that the Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the asthenosphere. The plates

More information

OBJECTIVE: For each boundary type, give an example of where they occur on Earth.

OBJECTIVE: For each boundary type, give an example of where they occur on Earth. OBJECTIVE: Explain the theory of Plate Tectonics. COMPARE AND CONTRAST DIVERGENT, CONVERGENT AND TRANSFORM BOUNDARIES. ***very important. Describe what geologic features form at each of the three CONVERGENT

More information

Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics

Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics Continental Drift Wegener s continental drift hypothesis stated that the continents had once been joined to form a single supercontinent. Wegener proposed that the

More information

Plate Tectonics Introduction

Plate Tectonics Introduction Name Block Plate Tectonics Introduction Go to the following site: http://www.learner.org/interactives/dynamicearth/index.html On the top of the screen are different tabs, click on each section as listed

More information

Deep cracks that form between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other

Deep cracks that form between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other Also the process by which solid rock flows slowly when under pressure, as in the asthenosphere Deep cracks that form between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other Also the process by

More information

Distribution of Continents Mid-ocean Ridges Trenches. Deformation Metamorphism Volcanism Earthquakes

Distribution of Continents Mid-ocean Ridges Trenches. Deformation Metamorphism Volcanism Earthquakes Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics Global Problems in Geology Distribution of Continents Mid-ocean Ridges Trenches Orogenic Belts Deformation Metamorphism Volcanism Earthquakes Development of Continental

More information

Inside Earth Review Packet

Inside Earth Review Packet 1. The slow movement of the continents across the Earth s surface is defined as - A Newton s 1 st Law of Motion B Continental Drift C Law of Transformation of Energy D Earth s movement 2. The scientist

More information

THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH

THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH UNIT 1 THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH 1.1.Earth s interior layers The interior of the Earth can be divided into layers according to: -Composition layers ( organized in order of increasing density

More information

Plate Tectonics. Earth has distinctive layers - Like an onion

Plate Tectonics. Earth has distinctive layers - Like an onion Plate Tectonics Earth has distinctive layers - Like an onion Earth s Interior Core: Metallic (Iron, Nickel) Inner (hot, solid, dense, Iron, Nickel) Outer (cooler, liquid, less dense) Crust (outermost layer):

More information

Earth Movement and Resultant Landforms

Earth Movement and Resultant Landforms Earth Movement and Resultant Landforms Structure of the Earth Lithosphere : earth s crust Asthenosphere : upper mantle zone where material is near its melting point & acts almost like liquid (appprox.

More information

Directed Reading. Section: Continental Drift. years ago? WEGENER S HYPOTHESIS

Directed Reading. Section: Continental Drift. years ago? WEGENER S HYPOTHESIS Skills Worksheet Directed Reading Section: Continental Drift 1. Who obtained new information about the continents and their coastlines 400 years ago? 2. What did people notice when they studied new world

More information

What is the theory of plate tectonics? Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3

What is the theory of plate tectonics? Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Name Plate Tectonics What is the theory of plate tectonics? Date Before You Read Before you read the chapter, think about what you know about plate tectonics Record your thoughts in the first column Pair

More information

Plate Tectonics. In 1912 Alfred Wegener ( ) proposed that: the continents were once compressed into a single protocontinent which he called

Plate Tectonics. In 1912 Alfred Wegener ( ) proposed that: the continents were once compressed into a single protocontinent which he called Plate Tectonics In 1912 Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) proposed that: the continents were once compressed into a single protocontinent which he called Pangaea (meaning "all lands"), and over time they have

More information

PLATE TECTONICS. SECTION 17.1 Drifting Continents

PLATE TECTONICS. SECTION 17.1 Drifting Continents Date Period Name PLATE TECTONICS SECTION.1 Drifting Continents In your textbook, read about continental drift. Circle the letter of the choice that best completes each statement. 1. Early mapmakers thought

More information

8 th Grade Campus Assessment- NSMS Plate Tectonics

8 th Grade Campus Assessment- NSMS Plate Tectonics 1. A group of students were discussing plate tectonics in their science class. All of the following statements about the tectonic plates are incorrect EXCEPT: A. The Eurasian Plate consists of the Asian

More information

Refer to the map on page 173 to answer the following questions.

Refer to the map on page 173 to answer the following questions. Chapter 8-1 Plate Tectonics 1. Brainstorm the type of evidence that would indicate a climate change and how this evidence supports the theory of continental drift. Tropical fossils in cold regions Evidence

More information

Question. Question. Question. Question. What are the topics of our last class? is the tendency of some minerals to break along flat surfaces?

Question. Question. Question. Question. What are the topics of our last class? is the tendency of some minerals to break along flat surfaces? Question What are the topics of our last class? Question is the tendency of some minerals to break along flat surfaces? A. Crystal habit; B. Cleavage; C. Fracture; D. Hardness Question Calcite is a mineral.

More information

Geologists are scientists who study Earth. They want to

Geologists are scientists who study Earth. They want to What Is Inside Earth? Figure 1 Over time, the Grand Canyon in Arizona was carved out by the flowing water of the Colorado River. We can see that Earth s surface is constantly changing. But what is happening

More information

DO NOW HW DUE FRIDAY!

DO NOW HW DUE FRIDAY! DO NOW HW DUE FRIDAY! 1. What is the formula for density? 2. What is the density of an object with a mass of 6 g and a volume of 2 ml? 3. If solution A is floating on top of solution B, which one is more

More information

1. I can describe evidence for continental drift theory (e.g., fossil evidence, mountain belts, paleoglaciation)

1. I can describe evidence for continental drift theory (e.g., fossil evidence, mountain belts, paleoglaciation) Science 10 Review Earth Science Vocabulary asthenosphere continental drift theory converging plates diverging plates earthquakes epicentre fault hot spot inner core lithosphere mantle mantle convection

More information

Chapter 4: Plate Tectonics

Chapter 4: Plate Tectonics Chapter 4: Plate Tectonics K2 in the Himalaya, inset round submersible (beneath the submarine) that went to the Marianas Trench in 1960 http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/james-cameron-presents-record-setting-deep-sea-expedition-article-1.1215139

More information

Lecture 4.1 Continental Drift

Lecture 4.1 Continental Drift Plate Tectonics Chapter 4 California Science Content Standards Covered: Big Ideas 3A: Students know the features of the ocean floor that provide evidence of plate tectonics Mid Ocean Ridges (ex. Mid Atlantic

More information

Plate Tectonic Review, Types of Plates

Plate Tectonic Review, Types of Plates Plate Tectonic Review, Types of Plates Review from last week: 1. Alfred Wegener: thought that sections of the Earth s crust moved, but people were confused, and thought that continents drifted over water

More information

The Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics

The Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics The Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics Agree or Disagree? 1. The Earth if made up of 4 different layers. 2. The crust (where we live) can be made of either less dense continental crust or the more

More information

Yanbu University College. General Studies Department. PHSC001 Course. Chapter9 (Basic Geology: Earthquakes and volcanoes ) Worksheet Solutions

Yanbu University College. General Studies Department. PHSC001 Course. Chapter9 (Basic Geology: Earthquakes and volcanoes ) Worksheet Solutions Yanbu University College General Studies Department PHSC001 Course Chapter9 (Basic Geology: Earthquakes and volcanoes ) Worksheet Solutions Phsc001 worksheet9 solutions, yuc Page 1-6 Chapter 9 worksheet

More information

RESTLESS EARTH - CHAPTER 4

RESTLESS EARTH - CHAPTER 4 RESTLESS EARTH - CHAPTER 4 continental crust - Composition is similar to granite and forms the continents and the areas of shallow seabed. oceanic crust - Composition similar to basalt. It is thinner,

More information

* If occurs, fossils that formed in shallow water may be found in water. Subsidence mean the crust is.

* If occurs, fossils that formed in shallow water may be found in water. Subsidence mean the crust is. Name Notes: Topic 5B Topic 5B: The Dynamic Crust A. What evidence exists that proves the Earth s Crust is and has moved? Earth Science 1. Tilted, folded or faulted strata Strata is a term that refers to.

More information

Earth Systems, Structures and Processes

Earth Systems, Structures and Processes Earth Systems, Structures and Processes Date: 6.E.2 Understand the structure of the earth and how interactions of constructive and destructive forces have resulted in changes in the surface of the Earth

More information

Plate Tectonics. Chapter 8

Plate Tectonics. Chapter 8 Plate Tectonics Chapter 8 Vocabulary Crust Mantle Core Lithosphere Continental Drift Plate Tectonics Plate Boundary Fault What Are The Earth s Layers Made Of? Atmosphere: Contains nitrogen, oxygen, carbon

More information

Ch 17 Plate Tectonics Big Idea: Most geologic activity occurs at the boundaries between plates.

Ch 17 Plate Tectonics Big Idea: Most geologic activity occurs at the boundaries between plates. Ch 17 Plate Tectonics Big Idea: Most geologic activity occurs at the boundaries between plates. 17.1 Drifting Continents 17.2 Seafloor Spreading 17.3 Plate Boundaries 17.4 Causes of Plate Motions Learning

More information

Earth overall average density = 5.5 g/cm 3 Temp increases with depth, the thermal gradient 30 0 C/km Pressure and the density also increase with

Earth overall average density = 5.5 g/cm 3 Temp increases with depth, the thermal gradient 30 0 C/km Pressure and the density also increase with Plate Tectonics Earth Earth overall average density = 5.5 g/cm 3 Temp increases with depth, the thermal gradient 30 0 C/km Pressure and the density also increase with depth Spheroid: with a longer major

More information

THE DYNAMIC EARTH NOTES. Scientists divide the Earth into 4 parts or spheres. What are these spheres?

THE DYNAMIC EARTH NOTES. Scientists divide the Earth into 4 parts or spheres. What are these spheres? Hon Environmental Science THE DYNAMIC EARTH NOTES. Scientists divide the Earth into 4 parts or spheres. What are these spheres? 1. geosphere 2. atmosphere 3. hydrosphere 4. biosphere Now, describe each

More information

Shown is the supercontinent Pangaea before it broke up and the continents drifted.

Shown is the supercontinent Pangaea before it broke up and the continents drifted. Has anyone ever told you to sit still? Did you know you can never really sit still? You have probably already learned that Earth is constantly moving through space, but did you know that the ground beneath

More information

The continents are in constant! movement! Earth Science!

The continents are in constant! movement! Earth Science! The continents are in constant movement Earth Science Transitional Science 10 Note and Activity Package for Chapter 12 Note: If you lose this package it is your responsibility to print out a new copy from

More information

CHAPTER 9. Basics Of geology: earthquakes & volcanoes

CHAPTER 9. Basics Of geology: earthquakes & volcanoes 161 CHAPTER 9 Basics Of geology: earthquakes & volcanoes CHAPTER s Objectives To introduce the theory of one supercontinent To discuss the clues and proofs that support the theory of one supercontinent

More information

Continental Drift. The idea that the world s land masses are slowly moving over time

Continental Drift. The idea that the world s land masses are slowly moving over time Alfred Wegener Continental Drift The idea that the world s land masses are slowly moving over time Pangaea The supercontinent made of all continents that existed millions of years ago. Present Cretaceous

More information

Plate Tectonics. The Theory of Plate Tectonics. The Plate Tectonics Theory. 62 Plate Tectonics Reading Essentials

Plate Tectonics. The Theory of Plate Tectonics. The Plate Tectonics Theory. 62 Plate Tectonics Reading Essentials CHAPTER 4 LESSON 3 Tectonics The Theory of Tectonics Key Concepts What is the theory of plate tectonics? What are the three types of plate boundaries? Why do tectonic plates move? What do you think? Read

More information

83% 25 of 30 Correct. Dynamic Earth Assessment Test Results. Name: Marc Sto. Domingo Date: October 2, 2013

83% 25 of 30 Correct. Dynamic Earth Assessment Test Results. Name: Marc Sto. Domingo Date: October 2, 2013 Dynamic Earth Assessment Test Results Name: Marc Sto. Domingo Date: October 2, 2013 83% 25 of 30 Correct Review the questions and your answers below. The answer you selected is highlighted in red, the

More information

Features of Tectonic Plates

Features of Tectonic Plates Features of Tectonic Plates PowerPoint 12.2 The Earth s Layers Crust Brittle Continental crust composed mainly of granite Oceanic crust composed mainly of basalt Mantle Denser than the crust Upper is molten

More information

Plate Tectonics. Essentials of Geology, 11 th edition Chapter 15

Plate Tectonics. Essentials of Geology, 11 th edition Chapter 15 1 Plate Tectonics Essentials of Geology, 11 th edition Chapter 15 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Plate Tectonics: summary in haiku form Alfred Wegener gave us Continental Drift. Fifty years later...

More information

4 Layers of the earth 7 main plates of the earth 3 main plate boundaries 2 types of crust 3 main features of plate tectonics 3 main theorists and

4 Layers of the earth 7 main plates of the earth 3 main plate boundaries 2 types of crust 3 main features of plate tectonics 3 main theorists and 4 Layers of the earth 7 main plates of the earth 3 main plate boundaries 2 types of crust 3 main features of plate tectonics 3 main theorists and theories Human interaction The Earth is made up of 3 main

More information