Name Form Class Science Teacher Year 9 End of Year Science Exam 2010

Transcription

1 Name Form Class Science Teacher Year 9 End of Year Science Exam 2010 INSTRUCTIONS: All questions are to be answered in the spaces provided on the paper. If you need more space write the answer on your own paper. Make sure you clearly indicate the question number. e.g. Part 3 Hokey Pokey Q3. a) Aim to spend about minutes on each section. There are 5 sections and you can do them in any order. When you have finished go back over all your answers. Make sure you have attempted all questions. There are no marks taken off for wrong answers. Marks are only awarded for correct answers. If you are unsure of an answer then at least guess.

2 Part A: Introduction to the Laboratory 1. (a) In the table below give the names of the following pieces of scientific equipment and explain the main use for each piece of equipment. (a) (b) (c) (d) Name (a) Use (b) (c) (d) (b) Write the correct volumes for the 3 liquids shown below. ml ml ml

3 (c) In the space below draw a labelled diagram of the equipment shown at the side. Three ways to separate mixtures With a large sieve With a magnet By evaporation 2. A teacher mixed these different things together. Choose the best way to separate each mixture from the 3 ways shown above. The first one is done for you. Mixture Best way to separate the mixture a) Rocks and soil. With a large sieve. b) Sugar and water. c) Flour and peanuts. d) Metal paper clips and plastic paper clips. e) Iron and sulfur.

4 3. The table below gives the temperatures recorded at different depths in a section of the Earth's crust. Depth (km) Temperature ( C) ? a) Plot this data as a line graph on the grid below. Temperature change with depth in the Earth's crust Depth (km) b) From the graph, what is the temperature at a depth of 6 km? C c) An underground coal mine is being developed in this area. If miners work in temperatures of 30 C or less, what is the maximum depth this coal mine could be? km e) Complete the sentence explaining the relationship between temperature and depth. As the depth increases. 4. Show the main energy change each object makes. The first one is done for you. A lamp changes electrical energy into light and heat energy (a) Fire changes energy into energy (b) A solar panel changes energy into energy (c) A ball falling off a roof changes energy into energy

5 d) Name three sources of renewable energy. (i) (ii) (iii) 5. Discuss how you would safely heat a small amount of liquid (less than 5 ml) using a bunsen burner. 6. Explain clearly what you should do if the person you are working with in the laboratory should accidentally get some acid splashed into their eye.

6 Part B: Close Up Look at Food Chains (Biology) 1. All living things have 8 features in common which can be represented with the words MRS C GREN. a) Complete the spaces below to give the features. One is done for you. M R S Cells G R E N b) Sam is using a fire to keep warm. He says the fire is alive. His friend Kate says it is dead. Sebastian says that it is not alive. Discuss which of them is correct. 2. (a) What is the name given to the area where an organism lives? (b) The mouse in the picture has been caught by a predator (the cat) Apart from predators; give 4 different environmental factors that could have affected this mouse (before being caught). (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 3. There are three types of adaptation. These are structural (physical), behavioural and physiological adaptations. (a) Explain the difference between a structural adaptation and a behavioural adaptation.

7 The kiwi is a nocturnal bird. It lives in the bush feeding on worms and other invertebrates that it finds by using its long beak and keen sense of smell. Kiwi have a strong odour that makes them easy prey for small mammals. Linking structure to behaviour. The kiwi has claws (structural) which it uses to scratch in the ground (behaviour) in order to find insects to eat. Different adaptations work together in order to increase an organism s chances of survival. (b) Use the information in the diagram above to link together different structural adaptations with behavioural or physiological adaptations that help the kiwi to survive in the wild. For example: The kiwi has claws (structural adaptation) which it uses to scratch in the ground (behavioural adaptation) in order to find insects to eat. A full answer would talk about at least 6 different adaptations including one of each type.

8 4. Look at this food web diagram. Lion African Cheetah Leopard Hunting Dog Giraffe Impala Baboon Wildebeest Acacia tree Grasses Zebra (a) Name all the producers shown in the diagram. (b) Where do producers get their energy from? (c) Name all the carnivores in the diagram. (d) What effect would the removal of the African Hunting Dog have on this food web?

9 Cell A Cell B 5. (a) Complete the following chart to label the parts of the two cells. A is already done for you Type of Cell: Type of Cell: A B C D E F Cell wall X Y Z (b) Cells of type A have a cell wall while cells of type B do not. Explain why cells of type B do not have a cell wall.

10 (c) Label the parts of this microscope Part A Name of Part A B B C D C E D F E F (d) On this microscope Part A has x10 marked on it. Part B has x20 marked on it. How much does this microscope enlarge the image if these two parts are being used at the same time? A student put the letter b the correct way up under a microscope. (e) In the box provided draw what the student would see when they looked down the microscope.

11 Part C: Matter and Chemical Reactions (Chemistry) 1. (a) Write the correct Chemical symbol for the following elements: a. Magnesium b. Hydrogen c. Oxygen d. Sodium (b) Write the full name for the element with these symbols: a. B b. He c. Ca d. Al 2. (a) Relate the everyday object in column A with the most appropriate situation described in column B. Write the correct letter next to the number below the table A B 1. A blown up balloon a) Liquids can flow and change their shape as the particles move past each other. 2. An ice cube b) Gas particles are a long way apart and can be squeezed closer together. 3. A glass of milk is tipped over c) Liquid particles cannot be squeezed closer together. 4. Water is squirted out of a hose d) Gas particles move very fast and bounce off each other randomly in all directions. 5. You can smell your friends chips from e) Solids have particles locked into position the other side of the room and have a definite shape (b) In the box (below on the right) draw circles representing the molecules showing how they are arranged when a liquid is frozen. Liquid Frozen

12 3. Examine the diagram of the jug boiling below. It shows water changing state. Discuss the changes in state that result in the formation of the clouds around the spout. They are small drops of liquid water in the air. In your answer you should mention The names of the changes in state involved Whether energy is added or removed What happens to the speed of the particles and the distance between particles 4. Write the full name for the following: a. H 2 O b. HCl c. NaCl d. H 2 SO 4 5. Write the letter (A, B or C) in the box below to match each term to the correct diagram. (A) (B) (C) Answer Letter A pure element A compound A mixture

13 6. Olivia has a spa pool at home and wants to find out if ithe water is an acid, a base or a neutral solution. (a) What does the word neutral mean in this situation? (b) Explain how Olivia would test the liquid, what she would use and how she would tell if the liquid is acid, neutral or base 7. An atom has the structure shown in the diagram. (a) Name each of the three particles shown in this atom.

14 8. Gary has a Ball and Hoop set. This is made up of two pieces of equipment. A metal ring with a wooden handle, and a metal ball which is attached by a small chain to a wooden handle. When they are the same temperature the metal ball will go through the metal ring. Gary heats the ball and then tries to put the ball through the ring. Describe what Gary will observe and discuss his observation(s) 9 Look at the following list of substances: iron silver oxygen rust hydrogen Carbon dioxide nitrogen copper helium water Copper carbonate Chlorine Answer the following questions using substances from the list. (a) Name a compound. (b) Name two gases. (c) Name a metal. (d) Write the name and symbol for two elements shown in the list. Name Name Symbol Symbol

15 10. State the total number of atoms indicated by the formula of these compounds: compound CO 2 H 2 O H 2 SO 4 NaCl. Total number of atoms 11 Describe two observations that may indicate that a chemical change takes place. 12. Complete the following table Name of gas Description of the gas. Formula How do you test for the gas? Carbon dioxide H 2 Oxygen gas

16 Part D: Planet Earth and Beyond (Geology and Astronomy) 1. The diagram shows a cut away section of the Earth. Name the parts of the cross-section of the Earth A. B. C. D. 2. (a) Sarah noticed that most of the rocks in the river near the farm where she lived were rounded and smooth. Why are they like this? (b) Following a very cold winter with several frosts and storms, Sarah noticed that part of a rock cliff face along the beach had collapsed. Give three possible reasons for the cliff face collapsing Reason 1: Reason 2: Reason 3: 3. When David visited a mountain area he was surprised to find a rock that looked like it was made out of sand and that contained seashells. a) Where was this rock first formed?

17 b) If this rock was not moved there by people, then explain how did it get to be high up in the mountains? 4. (a) Complete the table below using the key words from the box. Metamorphic Igneous Slate Limestone Sedimentary Pumice Pounamu (Greenstone) Marble Sandstone Obsidian Type of Rock How it is made Example Small particles stuck together Rock is baked and squashed under the earth Rock that has been molten has cooled to become solid 5. Fossils (like seashells and dinosaurs) are only found in one type of rock. State which type of rock this is and discuss why fossils are only found in rocks of this type and not in the other rock types. In your answer you should talk about What the different rock types are; How each rock type is formed; How fossils are made; Fossils are found only in rock continue on next page

18 6. Explain the evidence that suggests that South America, Africa, India, Australia and Antarctica all belonged to one landmass known as Gondwanaland. (There is a diagram on the next page to help you with your answer.

19 Figures 1 and 2 have been provided to help you to answer this question. Fig 1 Gondwanaland showing former ice cover Fig 2 Africa and South America, with examples of their geology 1 2 Very similar rock sequences Rocks deposited millions of years ago Rocks older than 2000 millions of years ago Rocks formed between 600 and 2000 millions of years ago 7. Choose the letter of the word which finishes the sentence best. We cannot see the Sun at night because (A) it stops shining.. (B) the Moon blocks the Sun s light. (C) part of the Earth is facing away from the Sun. (D) it visits other planets. Answer

20 8. Why do we sometimes only see a part of the Moon and not all of it? In your answer you should talk about why we see the moon at all and what is happening to the bits we can and can t see. 9. Every day there are high and low tides out on Raumati beach. Discuss high and low tides and what causes these tides. There is space for a diagram provided below.