Data poor Impact Assessment: The case of the fisheries around Fehmarn Island

Transcription

1 Data poor Impact Assessment: The case of the fisheries around Fehmarn Island Leyre Goti Thünen Institut of Sea Fisheries ICES Second Symposium Name des Wissenschaftlers on Fishery-Dependent Information

2 Overview on talk Background: The EU FP 7 SOCIOEC project from management objectives to improvements in socioeconomic impact assessments Case studies: from distant water fisheries to effects on individual vessels in small scale fisheries, CFP as part of the overall maritime policy Data sources and possible improvements of impact assessments from the Fehmarn case study Summary & Outlook Page 2 ICES Second Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

3 Introduction SOCIOEC project: Study the socioeconomic effects of the future Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) To find out what are the effects, we need to know how the management works in several case studies Certain negative effects of the current CFP have already been identified (Green Paper 2009) Page 3 Name Leyre des Goti Wissenschaftlers Titel ICES der Second Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

4 Background: The EU FP 7 SOCIOEC project Reform of the CFP EC identified major problems: Unclear objectives especially for economic and social sustainability Overcapacity in many fleet segments/fisheries Little buy-in of the fishing sector in many management measures (micro-management) Necessary integration of the CFP into the overall environmental policy of the EU (Marine Strategy Framework Directive MSFD- and FFH-Directive - Natura 2000) Seite 4 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

5 Context: CFP as part of the overall maritime policy The new CFP as part of the overall maritime policy of the EU includes several instruments to address the multiple objectives of the MSFD GES shall be reached or kept by implementing cost-effective measures In fisheries management we issue impact assessments when new measures are implemented However, so far cost-effectiveness never played a role SOCIOEC project ( will help to improve methodologies so that it will hopefully be possible to change this Seite 5 ICES Second Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

6 Zoom in: The EU FP 7 SOCIOEC project Four theme blocks are used to analyse several management measures in different areas of the EU and some non EU countries Objectives and targets of the CFP (basically done) Incentives in fisheries management measures Improved governance and improvement in self- and comanagement Improvement of methodologies for socio-economic impact assessments (current focus) Seite 6 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

7 SOCIOEC approach to impact assessment Seite 7 ASC Name EAFE Reykjavik Conference des Wissenschaftlers 2013 Securing Sustainability the future objectives - Implementing of the future reform CFP:a in European German case Fisheries study Leyre Titel der Goti, Veranstaltung Ralf Döring, Mike Fitzpatrick and Dave Reid

8 Case studies: Distant water fisheries to effects on individual vessels in small scale fisheries Existing New Small scale fisheries In Natura 2000 sites Large scale pelagic fisheries Seite 5 ICES Second Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

9 How the CFP addresses now nature conservation issues to fulfil conservation objectives Measures already implemented: Quota restrictions for managed stocks (e.g. Cod, Herring Western Baltic), MSFD objective MSY nearly achieved Effort regulations for parts of the fishing fleet (maximum number of days allowed to fish) Technical measures: minimum landing size, mesh size limits, etc. Proposed specific measures for nature conservation: Seasonal/area closures for certain fishing methods up to 8 months Seite 9 ICES Second Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

10 BS case study: some protected areas in the Baltic Sea Seite 10 Name des Wissenschaftlers

11 German Natura 2000 Typical for new measures: Fisheries management in Natura 2000 sites Seite 11 Name des Wissenschaftlers XX.XX.201X Titel der Veranstaltung Pictures: BfN habitatmarenatura2000.de

12 FFH- and Bird protection areas around Fehmarn Island Seite 12 Leyre Name Ralf Döring Goti des Wissenschaftlers ICES Policy-Mix Second Conference Symposium Leipzig on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

13 Fehmarn proposed closed areas affecting fisheries Seite 13 Name Leyre des Goti Wissenschaftlers Titel der Veranstaltung ICES Second Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

14 Impact assessment problems for addressing small scale fisheries No obligation for delivering of VMS data, or logbook data under 8m LOA data poor range measurement data poor effort measurement Additionally limited economic data limited price information low disaggregation of cost data poor impact assessment Seite 14 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

15 Impact assessment approach for addressing small scale fisheries Aim: assess economic impact through evalution of potential loss of catches Approach: Select affected fisheries Identify catches in the area Allocate effort Identify prices Allocate costs Calculate impact (potential losses) Check through interviews and focus group Seite 15 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

16 Impact assessment criteria for selection of affected fisheries Variable Selection criteria Source of criteria + - length <12m EC 1198/2003 Clear criteria, corresponds with EU DCF data category May exclude traditional fisheries with larger vessels Does not always correspond with national data gear not towed EC 1198/2003 Clear criteria, corresponds with EU DCF data category May exclude small trawlers with small scale characteristics Does not always correspond with national data range of operation <12nm Papaioannou 2012 More comprehensive than gear or length definitions More difficult to evaluate, needs spatial data and knowledge of geographic information systems Seite 16 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

17 Impact assessment data sources for selection of small scale fisheries Variable Source of data for Germany Data parameters + - length Community Fleet Register (CFR) Values Available for all vessels at Easy to obtain May contain vessels that are inactive, needs additional cross-checking gear CFR Values Available for all vessels at Easy to obtain May contain vessels that are inactive, needs additional cross-checking range of operation 1 port of origin compared to targeted area BfN Map of Fehmarn/ GIS shape Calculation using GIS tool/ visual observation Easy to calculate Requires training if GIS is used range of operation 2 logbook data Logbook Available for vessels 8m and over. Relevant ICES rectangles are 37G0&1 and 38G0&1 Yields an upped bound: larger vessels that fish outside the area of study (which also have more detailed data) Limited coverage range of operation 3 technical certificates BSH Personal interview? Elsner Range limitation (e.g. to 5 nm) due to safety regulation Available through interview Only yields a lower bound (vessels that are not able to go further than a range) Seite 17 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

18 Impact assessment data sources for landings Variable Source of data for Germany Data parameters + - Landings Logbooks, CFR >= 8m LOA Easily available Landings Landings (not declared) Landing declaration, CFR < 8m LOA Easily available Possible misreporting Expert knowledge <8m LOA Additional information (upper bound may be higher, specially for non quota species) No scientific estimates available Seite 18 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

19 Impact assessment data sources for effort Variable Source of data for Germany Data parameters + - Effort Logbooks, CFR >= 8m LOA Easily available Accurate Effort (estimate) Landing declaration, CFR, expert knowlege < 8m LOA, number of fishing trips (estimate: 1 fishing trip = 1 DAS) Easily available Inaccurate for some vessles: only one declaration per month for admninistrative reasons prevents use of 1 trip = 1 DAS rule Effort (estimate) BLE database on full time-part time fishermen, Expert knowledge <8m LOA Easily available Lower bound for time part fishermen Only approximate Seite 19 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

20 Impact assessment data sources for prices Variable Price Price Source of data for Germany Landings declaration, CFR Landing declaration, expert knowledge, interviews Data parameters + - <12m LOA Easily available incomplete < 8m LOA Gives lower bound to prices outside the auction system Inaccurate Takes more effort to collect Seite 20 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

21 Impact assessment data sources for costs Variable Source of data for Germany Costs DCF database <10m; 10-12m LOA Costs Accounting survey of a panel of small scale fisheries firms Data parameters + - Easily available m LOA Higher disaggregation level (cost categories and space: Baltic Sea) Lower disaggregation level (both spatial and for cost category) Disaggregation level does not match DCF (10-14m) Seite 21 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

22 Summary Problem: in general increasing costs for small scale fishermen without possibility of compensation We are analysing within the SOCIOEC project possible impacts of management measures on the fishing fleet Data collection, regional data, interviews and focus groups with fishermen First results show that several fishermen would be heavily affected by total or part time closures Exploring alternative sources of data in a critical way helps to reduce the need for additional data collection (interviews etc.) Our analysis may help to indentify also cost-effective measures in other cases Seite 22 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

23 Outlook The new CFP as part of the overall maritime policy of the EU includes several instruments to address the multiple objectives of the MSFD In our case fishermen implement voluntary measures to reach objectives of Natura 2000 sites without total closures There has been an enriching process of cooperation leading to voluntary measures (setting incentives to comply) and promoting a path towards better governance through comanagement Our analysis may help to indentify cost-effective measures also in other fisheries Seite 23 ICES Titel Second der Veranstaltung Symposium on Fishery-Dependent Information - Rome

24 Next steps Check methodology with other case studies inside SOCIOEC in work package 5 workshop Finish data processing phase Finish calculation for original (8 months closure) and current scenation (2 months closures) Check resultas and methodology with fishermen in focus group Present results to management Seite 24 XX.XX.201X Name des Wissenschaftlers Titel der Veranstaltung

25 Data poor impact assessment: Fehmarn Island Leyre Goti Thank you for your attention! Thank you for your attention! Seite ASC Name Reykjavik des Wissenschaftlers 2013 Sustainability objectives of the future CFP: a German case study Leyre Goti, Ralf Döring, Mike Fitzpatrick and Dave Reid