NGRM Next Generation Radiation Monitor new standard instrument for ESA

Transcription

1 For NGRM Team: Wojtek Hajdas (PSI) NGRM Next Generation Radiation Monitor new standard instrument for ESA 13 th European Space Weather Week, Nov 2016, Oostende, Belgium

2 Outline 1. NGRM requirements and development 2. Design flow background 3. Parameters 4. Measurement ranges 5. Operation, TCTM 6. Block diagram 7. Sensors and detectors 8. Proton detector 9. Electron detector 10. Detection of heavy ions 11. New ASIC 12. Mass Model and simulations 13. Typical responses 14. Qualification program at PSI 15. Test facilities 16. Example of performance electrons 17. Example of performance protons 18. Calibration verification 19. Current status 20. Future missions 21. Summary and conclusions Page 2

3 NGRM requirements and development NGRM Program General purpose radiation monitor for various missions Measures electrons, protons & HI Programme: GSTP Contract Value: ~2 1 M Start: July 2011 Planned End: Dec 2016 Team Members RUAGOEI Opto AG (CH): Prime contractor EREMS (FR): Controller board ONERA (FR): Radiation analysis IDEAS (NO): Read-out ASIC PSI (CH) Concept, detectors, particle tests, modeling Page 3

4 Design flow background Continuation of successful development of radiation monitors Long term collaboration between OEIRUAG and PSI Fruitful past projects e.g. SREM; 10 units manufactured Still operating on several ESA satellites; data widely used; very good calibration But SREM technologies already 16 years old Both improvements and continuation required New challenges for novel monitors and objectives of space measurements Intention for standardization of devices and their responses Goal - non-intrusive, well understood, easily integrated and operated device First objective: design, manufacturing, calibration and in-flight demonstration PSI - concept of detection system, ASIC measurement specs, calibration, modeling OEI RUAG industrial development, qualification, manufacturing and commerce Page 4

5 Basic parameters Power 2.0 W bus voltage 28V 50V Mass 1.4 kg Size 1 L 68 x 132 x 150 mm 3 Mounting Area 198 cm 2 SC IF MIL-STD-1553B SW other upon request Thermal IF Conductance 5.9 WK Operating Temperature -40 C 65 C Page 5

6 Measurement ranges Electrons Energy range 100 kev 7 MeV Maximum flux 10 9 cm 2 s at 100 kev (isotropy assumption) Energy bins 8 (log) Protons Energy range 2 MeV 200 MeV Maximum flux 10 8 cm 2 s at 2 MeV Energy bins 8 (log) Heavy ions LET range Energy bins 0.1 MeV cm 2 mg 10 MeV cm 2 mg 8 (log) Particle identification TID retrieved from particle spectra Design up to 100 krad(si) total dose Page 6

7 Operation, TMTC Basic set of TC and operation modes Autonomous operation after commissioning and parameters optimization Acquisition time and modes are parametrized Available data taking ranges 30 sec 1 hour 1 month operation with internal storage for 5 min long data collection runs Operating modes Power OnOff Initialization Stand-by Calibration Operation SW patching Tailoring the TCTM budget Page 7

8 Block diagram DSS Detector subsystem Electron EDSS Stacked (proton) SDSS Read-out ASICs CEU Central Electronics Unit Detector Data Processing Unit Control microcontroller PSU Power Supply Unit 28V or 50V SC IF Power supply for all subsystems SC IF Spacecraft Interface Baseline MIL 1553 Exchangeable module flexibility Block diagram NGRM functional subsystems Page 8

9 Sensors for detector systems Si-wafer with sensors designed at PSI For SDSS standard diodes For EDSS circular diode with rings Tests and qualifications IV CV curves Radiation damage TID, DD up to 1 Mrad Initial particle tests Wafer with proton and electron sensors 60 Co exposures for TID tests at PSI HL Proton exposures for DD tests at PSI PIF Page 9

10 Proton telescope Number of sensors corresponds to energy bins Side shielding minimizes background Coincidence measurements Optimization for maximum rate Sensor size Collimator opening Weight minimization Electron rejection by energy threshold Verified with Bread Board Model Proton telescope for BB of NGRM Page 10

11 Electron detector Novel design as circular microstrips Number of sensors doubles energy bins Side shielding minimizes background Optimization for rate requirements Variable sensor size (smallest detector for highest fluxes) Collimator opening (also maximizes energy resolution) Weight minimization Proton rejection by upper energy deposition veto Verified with Bread Board Model Electron circular strip detector for NGRM BB Page 11

12 Detection of heavy ions Using two sensors in proton telescope Performing coincidence measurements Input feeding dedicated electronics circuit Using low energy gain channels of electronicsc Proton discrimination with energy thresholds Event by event data and with pre-scaling Energy loss of various HI in two telescope diodes Page 12

13 New ASIC Dedicated design by IDEAS VATA charge sensitive inputs 16 high-gain HG (charge < 2.6 pc, positive) 4 low-gain LG (charge < 26 pc, positive) 37 digital logic triggers 32 outputs from 2 threshold per HG input 4 outputs from 1 threshold per LG input 1 OR from all inputs Rates tested up to 1 MHz (pulser) Pulse height spectroscopy 20 slow shapers (1 µs) with sample & hold Common analogue output Internal calibration input 65 mwmaximum total power SEU SEL radiation hardened VATA465 ASIC chip from IDEAS Outputs from digital triggers used for particle identification logic and counting Page 13

14 Mass model and simulations Simulations used at all project stages Using G4 and GDML; PSI cluster Detector design optimized with models Initial computations with sensor heads Full model used for calibrations and RM Responses generated for 4π cases Redundancy with particle swap in DSS possible Final performance results after calibrations CAD model of NGRM GEANT4 Model of electron sensor BB Response function of electron detector for electrons (4π) Response function of electron detector for protons (4π) Energy loss in proton telescope G4 MC Page 14

15 Qualification program at PSI Si-sensors Design and manufacturing IV CV resolution DD and TID radiation tests Bread-Board model Design and manufacturing (VA64 TAP) Test and verification Calibrations with particles Lab DAQ for VATA Calibrations at PSI facilities EM and PFM(s) needed for all units! Realistic tests with protons Realistic tests with electrons Data modeling and response verification Performance validation IV curves before and after 1 Mrad DD test (p) Full Bread-Board models of proton and electron detectors with FE-electronics Page 15

16 PSI Test facilities PSI operates several particle facilities Generating space-like spectra Monochromatic energies User friendly setup Proton Irradiation Facility PIF Energies MeV Fluxes from 10 2 up to 10 9 pcm 2 s Lower energies with deflecting magnets Electron Monochromator Uses strong beta sources Electromagnet select energies Operates in vacuum Energetic electrons in PiM1 test area Covers energies from 12 to 120 MeV Few weeks beam time per year Rather low fluxes suitable for calibrations PIF facility with XY-table and collimator Vacuum chamber with electron monochromator pim1 area with energetic electrons Page 16

17 Example of electron sensor tests Preliminary tests of PFM Using Electron Monochromator and PIF Exposures in vacuum (e-) and air (PIF) Beam characterization prior to tests Response test of the Si-circular strip sensor Electron energies: 100 kev 2.1 MeV Exposures from the front New tests scheduled for November 2016 Different beam positions and angles Dense energy scanning Proton discrimination; test with p+ Maximum rates and dead-time Affective area; cross-talks Effective area of the diodes from PIF tests Page 17

18 Example of proton performance tests Preliminary tests of PFM Using PIF Beam characterization prior to tests Response tests of the telescope Proton energies: 6 MeV 200 MeV Exposures from the front Tests of: area, dead-time, binning, linearity Further tests planned: Dense energy scan binning widths Various beam positions and angles Lower energy limits Electron discrimination; test with e- Area, dead-time, max rates, coincidences Response linearity vs. particle flux in Chn 0 Response vs. energy for selected channels Page 18

19 Calibration verification Monte Carlo simulation of calibration runs Identical setup i.e. including whole test setup Modeling of PIF and Electron Monochromator Beam profiles and straggling described accurately Current, detailed mass model of NGRM Simulations for all energies Simulations for protons and electrons Verification and tuning of detector responses Example: 100 MeV protons hitting telescope Mass model of the NGRM used in G4 MC Example: 1 MeV electrons at Si-strip detector Page 19

20 Current status EM successfully tested in Q EQM passed mechanical tests October 2016 Finishing TVC tests OctoberNovember 2016 PFM acceptance test campaign Electron tests at PSI week 47 (Nov 2016) Proton tests at PSI week 46 (Nov 2016) Finishing planned for NovemberDecember In-Orbit demonstration onboard of EDRS-C Long term tests of EQM with particle beams Intensive modeling of data Model tuning and validation Page 20

21 Future missions 7 Recurring units for MTG Batch production of 7 units, based on qualification efforts of NGRM Minor HW adaptation (new mass model) SW adaptation required Delivery planned in December 2017 Additional recurring units are in negotiation for ESA missions 2-3 units until March units until August unit until Q World-Wide interest received, several opportunities in discussion Page 21

22 Summary and Conclusions The Next Generation Radiation Monitor in the phase of its last tests NGRM designed for advanced detection and identification of particles in space Low mass and power, compact instrument with easy SC integrationoperation First mission with in-orbit demonstration is EDRS-C Next seven units under construction for MTG satellites All of them await careful calibration and modeling in laboratory Further interest for new NGRMs both in Europe and World-wide Page 22

23 Thank you Page 23