~~~:~:~~~:i~:&h 5ChOOINUCI~arChemistry
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1 ~~~~_~ I ~~~:~:~~~:i~:&h 5ChOOINUCI~arChemistry 1. The structure of an alpha particle is the 7. As a radioactive element emits gamma same as a,. radiation only, the atomic number of the (l)lithium atom (3) hydrogen element nucleus (1) decreases (3)remains the (2) neon atom (4)helium nucleus same (2)increases 2. Which equation represents alpha decay? (1) 116In 116Sn +X 49 ~ Which kind of nuclear radiation has high (2) ~'Th ~ ~~4Pa+X energy and no mass? (3)~~~f:Ar+X (4)222Rn ~ 218pO+ X ,- 84 (l)alpha (2) beta (3) gamma (4) neutron 3. Which radioactive emanations have a charge of2+? (1) alpha particles (2) beta particles (3) gamma rays (4) neutrons 4. An electron has a charge identical to that of (1) a neutron (3) an alpha particl. (2) a proton (4) a beta particle 5. Given the reaction: 24N_ 24M 0 11 a ~ 12 g + _Ie This reaction is best described as (l)alpha decay (3) fission (2)beta decay (4) fusion 6. When a beta particle C1e) is emitted by th nucleus of an atom, the mass number of the atom (1) decreases (3)remains the same (2) increases 9. Which type of radiation is most similar to high- energy x-rays? (1) alpha (2) beta (3) neutron (4)ganul-ta 10. Which of the following l O-gram samples of radioisotope will decay to the greatest extent in 28 days? (l)i;p (2)~~ (3)i~Opr (4) ~~ A radioactive element has a half-life of 2". days. Which fraction represents the amount of an original sample of this element remaining after 6 days?. (1)1.. '\ ' 8 (2)1 2 (3)1 3 (4)1 '4 Versiofl 6 Page 1
2 Nuclear Chemist! Which of the following radioisotopes has 18. Given the reaction:. the shortest half-life? 92f 4 Pa ~ X + ~le. (I) 14C When the equation is correctly balanced (2)3H,the nucleus represented by Xis (3) 37 K. (1)~4U (4)32p. (2)~~5U (3)~oTh (4)~~2Th 13. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 20.0 minutes. What is the total amount of a 1.00-gram sample of this isotope remairring after 1.00 hour? (1)0.500 g (3)0250 g (2)0.333 g (4)0.125 g. 14. Approximately how many grams of a 40-gramsample of ;~IIwill remain unchanged after 24 days? (1)5 (3)13 (2) 10 (4) A neutron has approximately the same mass as (1) an alpha particle (2) a beta particle 16. In the equation: X ~88a+2e 226R 4H The symbol X represents (1)2~Th (2)2~Th (3)2i~ e (4)2~gRn (3)00 electron (4) a proton 17. Given the equation:. l~ ~ 1:0+X Which symbol, when substituted for X, correctly balances the equation? (l)~h (2)~ (3)~le (4)+~e 19. A positively charged particle has great difficulty penetrating a target nucleus because the target nucleus has (1) a positive charge, which repels the particle (2) a negative charge, which attracts the particle (3) the protection of surrounding electrons (4) a very high binding energy 20. A device used to give charged particles sufficient kinetic energy to penetrate the nucleus of an atom is (1) an accelerator (2) an electroscope (3) a Geiger counter (4) a scintillation counter 21. Which equation represents artificial transmutation? (1)H 2 0 ~ W + OH- (2)UF 6 + 6Na ~ 6NaF + U (3)~~8U~ ~'7h + ire (4) 27AI + 4He...!o. 32P +!n 13 2 ~ 15 ~- Versio~~B Page 2..
3 Nuclear 22. Given the equation: 71~+4He~X , 8 When the equation is correctly balanced, the particle represented by the X will be (l}~ie (2)~ (3)~H (4)iH 23. When a uranium nucleus breaks up into fragments, which type of nuclear reaction occurs? (1) fusion (2) fission (3) replacement (4) redox 24. Which nuclear equation represents a fusion reaction? (1)~~8U+ ~ ;;~p+ ~le (2)~SU + fp ~ ~~Kr+ ~~lba+ 3&n (3)~4C ~ ~4N+ ~le (4)~H + ih ~ ~He 25. The fusion of hydrogen nuclei with the release of energy can be initiated by a fission reaction because the fission reaction provides a (1) high temperature and high pressure (2) high temperature and low pressure (3)good supply of hydrogen nuclei (4) good supply of neutrons 26~ In the fusion reaction: ih + ~H~ ~He + &n+x The X represents (1) a released electron (2) another neutron (3) energy converted from mass (4) mass converted from energy Chem:i:s!!J: 27. Compared to a nuclear reaction, a chemical reaction differs in 'that the energy produced by a chemical reaction. results primarily from (l)a conversion of some of the reactant's mass (2) a loss of potential energy by the reactants (3)the fusion of two nuclei (4)the fission of a nuc1eus 28. A fission reaction is similar to a fusion. reaction in that both reactions involve (Ijcollisions between nuclei of high atomic number (2)collisions between nuclei of low atomic number (3)the conversion of mass to energy (4) the conversion of energy to mass 29. Which statement explains why nuclear waste materials may pose a problem? (1)They frequently have short half-lives and remain radioactive for brief (2) They frequently have short balf-lives and remainradioactive for extended (3) They frequently have long half-lives and remain radioactive for brief (4)They frequently have long half-lives and remain radioactive for extended 30. To determine the age of organic material. Which mole ratio needs to be determined? (I) 14 C to 12C (2) 14N to 13N (3)2Hto IH (4) 238Uto 235U Version fs Page 3
4 31. Iodine-I'II ":is used for diagnosing thyroid disordersbecause it is absorbed by the thyroid gland and. (l)has a very short half-life (2)has a very long half-life (3) emits alpha radiation (4) emits gamma radiation 32. Diagnostic injections of radioisotopes used in medicine normally have (1) short half-lives and are quickly (2) short half-lives and are slowly (3) long half-lives and are quickly (4) long half-lives and are slowly Nuclear Chemis!!! 33. Base your answers to the following questions on the information below. Uranium -238, a solid, is a naturally radioactive element found in the earth's. crust. As it decays one of the products is radon -222 which is a gas and is very radioactive. a Write the equation for the decay of Rn ~222. b The half-life of Radon -222 is 3.82 days. How many grams of a 1.0 gram sample of Rn -222 would remain after 7.64 days? Version fb Page 4
5 .Base your answers to-q;;~~ti~~s37f and3s"" on the information below. Some radioisotopes used as tracers make it possible for doctors to see the images of internal body parts and observe their functions. The table below lists information about three radioisotopes and the body part each radioisotope is used to study. \ \1 Radioisotope Half-life Decay Mode Body Part Medical Uses of Some Radioisotopes 24Na 15 hours beta circulatory system 59Fe 44.5 days beta red blood cells days beta thyroid.~ Complete the equation on the answer sheet for the nuclear decay of the radioisotope used to. study red 5'1 blood cells. Include both the atomic number and the ~ ~ + mass number for each missing particle. [1]:;J...b =#. I ~ It could take up to 60. hours for a radioisotope to be delivered to the hospital from the laboratory where it is produced. What fraction of an original sample of 24Na remains unchanged after 60. hours? [1] v~s lfn"' 5 (JClje s:
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