SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF TOXIC ORGANICS IN THE ATMOSPHERE

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2 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF TOXIC ORGANICS IN THE ATMOSPHERE A symposium sponsored by ASTM Committee D-22 on Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS Boulder, Colo., 6-9 Aug ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 721 S. S. Verner, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, symposium chairman ASTM Publication Code Number (PCN) AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa

3 Copyright by AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1980 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: NOTE The Society is not responsible, as a body, for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication. Printed in Baltimore. Md. Decembet 1980

4 Foreword The Fourth Biennial Boulder Conference on Sampling and Analysis of Toxic Organics in the Atmosphere was held at the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colo., on 6-9 Aug Sponsored by the American Society for Testing and Materials through its Committee D-22 on Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres, the conference was also cosponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the National Bureau of Standards, and the National Institute of Safety and Health. Presiding as chairman was S. S. Verner of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

5 Related ASTM Publications Air Quality Meteorology and Atmospheric Ozone, STP 653 (1978), $55.00, Calibration in Air Monitoring, STP 598 (1976), $33.00, Instrumentation for Monitoring Air Quality, STP 555 (1974), $19.75,

6 A Note of Appreciation to Reviewers This publication is made possible by the authors and, also, the unheralded efforts of the reviewers. This body of technical experts whose dedication, sacrifice of time and effort, and collective wisdom in reviewing the papers must be acknowledged. The quality level of ASTM publications is a direct function of their respected opinions. On behalf of ASTM we acknowledge with appreciation their contribution. ASTM Committee on Publications

7 Editorial Staff Jane B. Wheeler, Managing Editor Helen M. Hoersch, Associate Editor Helen P. Mahy, Senior Assistant Editor Allan S. Kleinberg, Assistant Editor

8 Contents Introduction 1 Gas Chromatographic and Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Volatile Organics in the Atmosphere R. B. SIEVERS, R. M. BARKLEY, JR., D. W. DENNEY, S. D. HARVEY, I. M. ROBERTS, M. J. BOLLINGER, AND A. C. DELANY 3 Organics in Air: Sampling and Identification H. SCHLITT, H. KNOEPPEL, B. VERSINO, A. PEIL, H. SCHAUENBURG, AND H. VISSERS 22 Polyurethane Foam and Selected Sorbents as Collection Media for Airborne Pesticides and Polychiorinated Biphenyls M. D. JACKSON AND R. G. LEWIS 36 OSHA's Wipe Sampling Policies and Procedures M. C. ROBBINS 48 Measurement of Contamination from PCB Sources K. E. MACLEOD AND R. G. LEWIS 56 Selective Gas Chromatographic Detection of Vapor-Phase Organics in Ambient Air j. w. BOZZELLI AND B. B. KEBBEKUS 70 Nitrosamine Air Sampling Using a New Artifact-Resistant Solid Sorbent System D. P. ROUNBEHLER, J. W. REISCH, AND D. H. FINE 80 Chemical Analysis of Diesel Particulate Matter and an Evaluation of Artifact Formation F. S.-C. LEE, T. M. HARVEY, T. J. PRATER, M. C. PAPUTA, AND D. SCHUETZLE 92 Analysis of Organic, Elemental, and Carbonate Carbon in Ambient Aerosols R. L. JOHNSON, J. J. SHAH, AND J. J. HUNTZICKER 111 Origin of Carbonaceous Species in the Atmosphere Deduced by Radiocarbon LLOYD CURRIE 120 Laser Techniques for Analysis of Ambient Air j. A. GELBWACHS AND P. F. JONES 139

9 An Overview of the Use of Short-Term Bioassays In Evaluation of Atmospheric Pollutants M. D. WATERS 156 Biological Exposure Sensors in Coal-Conversion Technologies A. S. GARRETT, JR. 166 Correlation of Air Concentrations and Biological Data I. A. PENDERGRASS 171 Sampling Rates and Other Considerations for Selected Passive Air Sampling Techniques E. D. PALMES 178 Calibration Techniques G. O. NELSON 184

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