Marine chemical contaminants support to harmonized MSFD reporting

Transcription

1 Marine chemical contaminants support to harmonized MSFD reporting Substances considered for MSFD descriptor 8 Victoria Tornero, Georg Hanke 2018 EUR EN

2 This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission s science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. Contact information Name: Victoria Tornero Address: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate D Sustainable Resources, Water and Marine Resources Unit, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I Ispra (VA) victoria.tornero@ec.europa.eu Tel.: JRC Science Hub JRC EUR EN PDF ISBN ISSN doi: / Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2018 European Union, 2018 Reuse is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The reuse policy of European Commission documents is regulated by Decision 2011/833/EU (OJ L 330, , p. 39). For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the EU copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. How to cite this report: Tornero and Hanke, Marine chemical contaminants support to harmonized MSFD reporting: Substances considered for MSFD descriptor 8, EUR 29281, Publications Office of the European Union, 2018, ISBN , doi: /804610, JRC All images European Union 2018

3 Contents Acknowledgements... 2 Abstract Introduction Methodology Results Substances for MSFD reporting WFD substances Priority substances (PS) Watch list River Basin Specific Pollutants (RBSP) Substances of the lists of chemicals of the Regional Sea Conventions (RSC) Other contaminants Conclusions and recommendations... 9 References List of abbreviations and definitions List of tables Table 1. Substances and groups of substances for use in 2018 MSFD reporting web forms Table 2. % MS using WFD PS and certain other pollutants for MSFD D8 reporting in different marine regions Table 3. RBSP causing failure and their consideration for MSFD D8 reporting Table 4. Consideration for MSFD reporting of RSC substances in the different marine regions Table 5. % MS reporting on other contaminants in different marine regions List of figures Figure 1. Number of substances reported by different Member States Figure 2. Consideration of non-compliant RBSP for MSFD reporting Figure 3. Proportion of substances used for MSFD reporting that are WFD (PS, RBSP, and Watch List) and/or RSC substances and additional contaminants i

4 Acknowledgements A. Haber, A. Mauffret, A. Oros, A. Serrano, A. Ausili, C. Maggi, C. Robinson, D. Bijstra, D. ten Hulscher, E. McGovern, I. Del Barrio, I. Hatzianestis, J. Bellas, J.A. Campillo, J. Foden, J. Lušić, J. Mannio, K. Antoniadis, K. Kamenova, L.Viñas, M. Fafanđel, M. Furdek Turk, M. Korsjukov, M. Laht, M. Nicolaus, N. Wessel, O. Bajt, O. Rowe, P. Whitehouse, S. Dimitrova, S. Schmolke, T. Hema, T. Porsbring, T. Zalewska, U. Kamman, U. Pirntke, V. León, Authors Victoria Tornero and Georg Hanke 2

5 Abstract The 2018 reporting on updates of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) Articles 8, 9 and 10 will be supported by web forms to aid completion of the XML files by Member States. It is planned to use, wherever possible, drop-down lists to facilitate data entry, thereby also helping to ensure consistency in the data entered. This report outlines a process to prepare a list of contaminants for use in 2018 MSFD D8 reporting (as drop-down lists in the reporting web forms). This list assists in using a harmonized nomenclature for the unambiguous identification of the substances, thereby facilitating consistency in the data entry. Additionally, the compilation of the list allows for comparisons between Member States and marine regions that may support the processes of selection of relevant contaminants for D8 assessments. 3

6 1 Introduction According to article 17(2) of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC 1 and amendment EU 2017/845 2 ), EU Member States (MS) have to update their marine strategies every six years. This requires articles 8 (initial assessment), 9 (determination of the Good Environmental Status) and 10 (establishment of targets) to be updated by The 2018 reporting system will be supported by web forms to aid completion of the XML files by MS. Wherever possible, drop-down lists will be used to facilitate consistency in the data entry. This report outlines the process carried out to compile a list of contaminants for use in the 2018 descriptor 8 (criterion D8C1) reporting web forms. This list will ensure data consistency and avoid ambiguities resulting from use of different chemical s names and identifiers. Furthermore, the collection of the substances considered by MS for MSFD reporting allows for comparisons between countries and marine regions, as a basis for supporting the process of selection of relevant contaminants for the assessment of Good Environment Status (GES) for D8. This work is part of a process to support regulators in order to select relevant chemical contaminants to be assessed in their jurisdictional area, thus aiming at EU national authorities but also at Regional Sea Conventions (RSC) in the shared marine basins. ( 1 ) Directive 2008/56/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive). ( 2 ) Commission Directive (EU) 2017/845 of 17 May 2017 amending Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the indicative lists of elements to be taken into account for the preparation of marine strategies. 4

7 2 Methodology For MSFD descriptor 8, there is a need to make available an operational list of contaminants (substances) from which MS can select those to be reported (or add new ones if needed), thereby also helping consistency in the data entered and avoiding ambiguities resulting from use of different chemical s names and identifiers. The JRC published a technical report (Tornero and Hanke, 2017) that compiles a single reference list of more than 2700 potential marine contaminants in order to support the harmonized and comparable assessment of chemical contaminants in the marine environment. As agreed at the WG GES 18 meeting (GES_ ), this reference list was circulated to the MSFD Expert Network on Contaminants in order to identify the substances that MS intended to include in the 2018 MSFD reporting. The MSFD Expert Network on Contaminants is an informal network that has been set-up in order to exchange information and support MS in MSFD implementation, while also providing interactions with the RSC. A first round of consultation with experts was carried out in November-December 2017, which resulted in a first preliminary list of approximately 400 contaminants. A second round of consultation was undertaken in February-March 2018 in order to confirm the substances that MS will actually use for 2018 MSFD reporting. Experts from 17 MS contributed to this process: Bulgaria (BG), Croatia (HR), Cyprus (CY), Estonia (EE), Finland (FI), France (FR), Germany (DE), Greece (EL), Ireland (IE), Italy (IT), Malta (MT), Netherlands (NL), Poland (PL), Romania (RO), Spain (ES), Sweden (SE), and United Kingdom (UK). The list provides a harmonized nomenclature for the unambiguous identification of the chemical substances. The Chemical Abstracts service (CAS) numbers are included, when available, as unequivocal identifiers. Moreover, for harmonization purposes, the substance s names in the list, and that will appear in the prefilled web forms, are those of the WISE 3 vocabulary. Yet, the EEA will also provide a list with all these substances and their corresponding codes from the WISE, ICES 4 and/or BODC 5 vocabularies. This should avoid any uncertainty concerning the correct identification of the substances. Furthermore, it is necessary to ensure that, when reporting on a group of substances, all the components of such group are considered. Consequently, only groups with clearly identified components (e.g. total cyclodiene pesticides (aldrin + dieldrin + endrin + isodrin)) will be included in the prefilled reporting web forms (see below progress on substance grouping). The web forms will also list the individual substances (or congeners) belonging to each group, but they should be reported separately only if they are also considered independently and not solely as a member of the group. The resulting final list was delivered to the European Environmental Agency (EEA) in April 2018 for its inclusion in the drop-down menus for 2018 MSFD D8 reporting. ( 3 ) WISE - Water Information System for Europe. ( 4 ) ICES - International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. (vocabulary PARAM) ( 5 ) BODC - British Oceanographic Data Centre. 5

8 3 Results 3.1 Substances for MSFD reporting The table 1 displays the resulting final list of contaminants for the MSFD D8 reporting web forms. It consists of 333 substances or groups of substances (which are shaded in the table). There are considerable differences between MS regarding the contaminants considered for MSFD D8. Although the specific substances indicated by each country are not presented here, the table 1 shows the proportion of MS reporting on every particular substance or group of substances (which can be 0% if, as explained above, the substance is in the list because it belongs to a group, but is not going to be reported individually). Only 5 substances are considered by all MS contributing to this compilation process and 109 substances (about 33% of the total) are indicated by only one MS These differences are further reflected in the figure 1, which represents the number of substances considered by different number of MS. Here, the total number of substances is 215 since the groups (e.g. PBDE, PAHs, PCBs, etc.) are taken into account as one single substance. It can be seen that most contaminants are considered by only one MS and very few substances are considered by all or the majority of MS. While it is true that the substances of concern can vary depending upon the local area, country and (sub)region, the differences found, also between countries sharing regional waters, seem to point to a lack of harmonized criteria for selecting relevant contaminants. The number of contaminants reported also varies considerably between MS, with some countries reporting on less than 20 substances or groups of substances and others on more than 100 and until 164. Nevertheless, it is important to highlight that some MS expect to report on the results of their status assessments, which involve a degree of data aggregation amongst substances WFD substances As stated in the new MSFD Commission Decision 6, MS have to consider the priority substances or River Basin Specific Pollutants already identified under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) 7, but also to establish, through regional or subregional cooperation, a list of additional contaminants that may give rise to pollution effects. Therefore, the analysis of synergies and complementarities with the WFD as well as at regional level should improve progress in harmonization and selection of relevant contaminants for MSFD D Priority substances (PS) All current PS and certain other pollutants (2013/39/EU 8 ) appear in the list of contaminants for MSFD D8 reporting, but, as shown in the table 2, they are not equally considered by all ( 6 ) Commission Decision (EU) 2017/848 of 17 May 2017 laying down criteria and methodological standards on good environmental status of marine waters and specifications and standardised methods for monitoring and assessment, and repealing Decision 2010/477/EU. ( 7 ) Directive 2000/60/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. ( 8 ) Directive 2013/39/EU of the European parliament and of the council of 12 August 2013 amending Directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as regards priority substances in the field of water policy. 6

9 MS. While some WFD PS might not be relevant contaminants for the marine environment or for a particular MS, the differences encountered also between MS sharing the same marine region may indicate lack of harmonization in the criteria followed to exclude WFD PS from the MSFD assessments. Yet, as mentioned above, some MS perform status assessments for a number of indicators that comprise data aggregation amongst substances, as e.g. all WFD substances in the water column of coastal waters Watch list The table 1 also shows that the substances included in the WFD Watch list 9 are mostly not considered for MSFD D8 reporting River Basin Specific Pollutants (RBSP) Regarding RBSP (substances of national or local concern that form part of the quality elements for "good ecological status up to 1 nautical mile under the WFD), the table 3 compiles those reported as causing failure in the 2 nd River Basin Management Plans (based on the information from 14 MS gathered by the EEA 10 ). Findings are summarized in the figure 2. It can be seen that the majority of non-compliant RBSP are considered for MSFD D8 reporting by those MS where failure has been observed. However, there are also many RBSP (even those that are also WFD PS) that are not used for MSFD by all the MS reporting non-compliance. Furthermore, a number of non-compliant RBSP is not considered for MSFD by any of the MS analysed. These results might help trigger discussions for the identification of relevant RBSP for the marine environment. For example, substances like arsenic and zinc are non-compliant RBSP in most MS, but only about 50% of MS consider them for MSFD reporting. Other noncompliant RBSP, such as hydrogen cyanide, are not in the list of contaminants for MSDF reporting, but they have been included in the list of marine contaminants with potential sea-based sources (Tornero and Hanke, 2016) Substances of the lists of chemicals of the Regional Sea Conventions (RSC) Besides the differences mentioned above regarding the use of WFD substances for MSFD reporting, there are also differences regarding the consideration of substances from the current lists of chemicals of the four European RSC (Barcelona Convention, Black Sea Commission, HELCOM, and OSPAR). The tables show that not all substances identified as a priority or of concern in a RSC are considered for MSFD by all MS belonging to that RSC. Interestingly, there are also substances prioritized under the RSC that are not used for MSFD reporting by any MS (e.g. toxaphene, clotrimazole, cyclododecane, methoxychlor, or musk xylene). ( 9 ) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/495 of 20 March 2015 establishing a watch list of substances for Union-wide monitoring in the field of water policy pursuant to Directive 2008/105/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. ( 10 ) amesizedtowindow=true&:embed=y&:showappbanner=false&:display_count=no&:showvizhome=no 7

10 3.1.3 Other contaminants The figure 3 shows that, although most of the compiled contaminants are already considered under the WFD (PS and certain other pollutants, Watch list and RBSP) and/or RSC, there is also a significant number of other contaminants that MS plan to use for MSFD reporting. The table 5 gathers the list of those additional contaminants considered for MSFD reporting. It can be seen that most of them are used by only one MS and that there are substantial differences both between countries from the same region and between marine regions. These findings denote that the process of selection of additional relevant contaminants at regional or subregional level, as required in the new MSFD Commission Decision, is not harmonized and still needs further discussions and agreement. 8

11 4 Conclusions and recommendations The occurrence of chemical contaminants in the marine environment differs locally, between countries, sub-regions and marine regions. Their assessments require preparatory steps for the identification of the relevant substances to be monitored. It is though important that the substances are considered and excluded on the basis of objective criteria. - The compilation of the list of contaminants for use in the 2018 MSFD reporting web forms supports harmonized reporting for Descriptor 8 by providing a harmonized nomenclature, thereby facilitating the unambiguous identification of the substances and consistency in the data entry. - The resulting list contains 333 substances or group of substances. Most of them are already considered under the WFD and/or RSC, but there is also a considerable number of additional contaminants that MS plan to use for MSFD D8. - There are notable differences between MS regarding the substances considered for MSFD D8 reporting. While it is true that the substances of concern can vary depending upon the country or region, the differences found, also between countries sharing regional waters, seem to point to a lack of harmonized criteria for selecting relevant contaminants. Obviously, this would preclude the prospect of an equal level of environmental protection in all European marine waters as required by the MSFD. - Many non-compliant RBSP are not used for MSFD reporting by the MS reporting non-compliance. Consequently, the following recommendations are proposed to increase consistency and comparability of MSFD D8 assessments: The process of exclusion of WFD PS from MSFD assessments should be clearly documented and justified. MS should agree on those criteria of exclusion and this may be done through the MSFD Expert Network on Contaminants. A common understanding on the consideration of relevant RBSP for MSFD purposes is needed. A non-compliant RBSP might trigger further investigation in marine waters, particularly when non-compliance is reported also in other MS within the same marine region. Even though the RSC are developing actions for the identification of relevant contaminants in their marine environments, a formal initiative is needed to properly harmonize methodological approaches at EU level. New options such as non-target screening techniques and specific targeted joint monitoring campaigns should be explored in order to find a cost-effective and consistent way to account for the constantly increasing number of potential contaminants in the marine environment. The JRC, as science & policy interface, may support the monitoring and assessment of chemical contaminants in marine waters for MSFD policy implementation and related processes, in close collaboration with EU Member States and Regional Sea Conventions. 9

12 References GES_ reporting and GES Decision support: lists of contaminants for D8. 18th meeting of the Working Group on Good Environmental Status (WG GES), September 2017, b75b7243da81/ges_ _lists-contaminants_for2018reporting.docx GES_ Progress on D8 Contaminants. 19th meeting of the Working Group on Good Environmental Status (WG GES), March 2018, 04_Progress%20on%20D8_contaminants%20JRC.docx Tornero, V., Hanke, G., Identification of marine chemical contaminants released from sea-based sources, EUR 28039, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2016b, doi: / Tornero, V., Hanke, G., Potential chemical contaminants in the marine environment: An overview of main contaminant lists. JRC Technical Report EUR Luxembourg (Luxembourg): Publications Office of the European Union; doi: /

13 List of abbreviations and definitions Barcelona Convention: Convention for the Protection of Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean Black Sea Commission: Convention on the Protection of the Black Sea against Pollution BSIMAP: Black Sea Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Programme CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service GES: Good Environmental Status HELCOM: Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment in the Baltic Sea LBS Protocol: Protocol for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea from Land-Based Sources and Activities MEDPOL: Marine pollution assessment and control MSFD: Marine Strategy Framework Directive PS: Priority Substance RBSP: River Basin Specific Pollutants RSC: Regional Sea Convention WFD Other Pollutants: Pollutants included in the Annex II of Directive 2013/39/EU and for which a European standard applies, but not in the priority substances list WFD Watch list: New mechanism is to support the identification of priority substances for regulation under WFD WFD: Water Framework Directive 11

14 List of tables Table 1. Substances and groups of substances for use in 2018 MSFD reporting web forms...12 Table 2. % MS using WFD PS and certain other pollutants for MSFD D8 reporting in different marine regions...20 Table 3. RBSP causing failure and their consideration for MSFD reporting...22 Table 4. Consideration of RSC substances for MSFD reporting in the different marine regions Barcelona Convention Black Sea Commission HELCOM OSPAR...26 Table 5. % MS reporting on other contaminants in different marine regions

15 Table 1. Substances and groups of substances for use in 2018 MSFD reporting web forms (based on the information provided by 17 MS) PS: Priority Substance; PHS: Priority Hazardous Substance; Other Pollutants: Pollutants in the Annex II of Directive 2013/39/EU and for which a European standard applies, but not in the PS list; Watch list: New mechanism to support the identification of PS for regulation under WFD. CAS number Substance name % MS reporting WFD Aclonifen 18 PS Alachlor 35 PS Alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Aluminium and its compounds Ametryn Amino-4-chlorophenol Aniline Antimony Arsenic and its compounds Atrazine 47 PS Azinphos-ethyl Azinphos-methyl Barium Bentazone Benzene 47 PS Beryllium beta-estradiol (E2) 12 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Bifenox 12 PS Bisphenol A Boron Bromacil 6 Not applicable Brominated diphenylethers (congener 76 PS numbers 28, 47, 99, 100, 153 and 154) Not applicable Brominated diphenylethers (congener 18 numbers 28, 47, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183) BDE 28 (2,4,4'-tribromodiphenyl ether) BDE 47 (2,2,4,4 -tetrabromodiphenyl ether) BDE-66 (2,3',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether) BDE 85 (2,2,3,4,4 -pentabromodiphenyl 0 ether) BDE 99 (2,2,4,4,5-pentabromodiphenyl 6 ether) BDE 100 (2,2,4,4,6-pentabromodiphenyl 6 ether) BDE 153 (2,2,4,4,5,5 -hexabromodiphenyl 6 ether) BDE 154 (2,2,4,4,5,6 -hexabromodiphenyl ether) BDE-183 (2,2',3,4,4',5',6-0 heptabromodiphenyl ether) Bis(pentabromophenyl) ether Tetrabromodiphenylether 6 PHS Pentabromodiphenylether 24 PHS Hexabromodiphenylether 6 PHS 12

16 CAS number Substance name % MS reporting WFD Bromoxynil Cadmium and its compounds 100 PHS Carbamazepin Carbon tetrachloride 24 Other pollutants Chlordane Chlorfenvinphos 35 PS Chloridazon Chloroalkanes C PHS Chloroaniline Chlorobenzene Chloro-2-(chlorodiphenylmethyl)benzene Chlorophenol Chlorophenol Chlorophenol ,4-Dichlorophenol ,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol ,3,4-Trichlorophenol ,3,5-Trichlorophenol ,3,6-Trichlorophenol ,4,5-Trichlorophenol ,4,6-Trichlorophenol α-chlorotoluene Chlorotoluene Chlorotoluron Chlorpyrifos 41 PS Chromium and its compounds Chromium VI Clopyralid Cobalt and its compounds Copper and its compounds Coumaphos Methylphenol Methyl-phenol m-/p-cresol Free cyanide Cybutryne 24 PS Not applicable Total cyclodiene pesticides (aldrin + dieldrin + endrin + isodrin) 29 Other pollutants Aldrin 18 Other pollutants Dieldrin 18 Other pollutants Endrin 6 Other pollutants Isodrin 0 Other pollutants Cypermethrin 18 PS ,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-4 D 18 Not applicable Total DDT (DDT, p,p' + DDT, o,p' + DDE, p,p' + DDD, p,p') o,p -DDD Other pollutants 13

17 CAS number Substance name % MS reporting WFD p,p -DDD o,p -DDE p,p -DDE DDT, o,p' DDT, p,p' 47 Other pollutants Demeton Demeton-S-methyl Demeton-S-methylsulfon Diazinon Dicamba Dichlobenil ,4-Dichloroaniline ,2-Dichlorobenzene ,3-Dichlorobenzene ,4-Dichlorobenzene ,4-Dichloro-2,5-bis(dichloromethyl)benzene ,2-Dichloroethane 41 PS ,2-Dichloroethene Dichloromethane 41 PS Dichlorprop (2,4-DP) Dichlorvos 24 PS Diclofenac 12 1st Watch list. Not suggested for 2nd Watch list Dicofol 24 PHS Diflufenican Dimethoate ,4-Dimethyl phenol ,6-Dimethyl phenol ,5-Dimethyl phenol 6 Not applicable Not applicable Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (7 PCDDs + 10 PCDFs + 12 PCB-DLs) Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (12 PCB- DLs: 77,81,105,114,118,123,126,156,157,167,169,189) 65 PHS PCB 77 (3,3,4,4 -tetrachlorobiphenyl) 0 PHS PCB 81 (3,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl) 0 PHS PCB 105 (2,3,3,4,4 -pentachlorobiphenyl) 18 PHS PCB 114 (2,3,4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl) 0 PHS PCB 118 (2,3,4,4,5-pentachlorobiphenyl) 53 PHS PCB 123 (1,2,3-trichloro-5-(2,4- dichlorophenyl)benzene) 12 0 PHS PCB 126 (3,3,4,4,5-pentachlorobiphenyl) 0 PHS PCB 156 (2,3,3,4,4,5-hexachlorobiphenyl) 12 PHS PCB 157 (2,3,3,4,4,5 -hexachlorobiphenyl) 0 PHS PCB 167 (1,2,3-trichloro-5-(2,4,5- trichlorophenyl)benzene) 0 PHS PCB 169 (3,3,4,4,5,5 -hexachlorobiphenyl) 6 PHS PCB 189 (1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5-(3,4,5- trichlorophenyl)benzene) 0 PHS 14

18 CAS number Substance name % MS reporting Not applicable Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD) TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) ,2,3,7,8-P5CDD ,2,3,4,7,8- H6CDD ,2,3,6,7,8-H6CDD ,2,3,7,8,9-H6CDD ,2,3,4,6,7,8-H7CDD ,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-O8CDD 0 Not applicable Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (10 PCDFs) ,3,7,8-T4CDF ,2,3,7,8-P5CDF ,3,4,7,8-P5CDF ,2,3,4,7,8-H6CDF ,2,3,6,7,8-H6CDF ,2,3,7,8,9-H6CDF ,3,4,6,7,8-H6CDF ,2,3,4,6,7,8-H7CDF ,2,3,4,7,8,9-H7CDF ,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-O8CDF 0 Not applicable Total dioxins and furans (PCDD + PCDF) Disulfoton ,6-Ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol 6 1st Watch list. Not suggested for 2nd Watch list Diuron 35 PS Endosulfan 35 PS Endosulfan sulfate Epoxiconazole Estrone (E1) 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Ethoprophos Ethylbenzene Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate 6 1st Watch list. Not suggested for 2nd Watch list Etrimfos Fenitrothion Fenthion Fluoride Formaldehyde 6 Not applicable Heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide 53 PHS Heptachlor 24 PHS Heptachlor epoxide 18 PHS Not applicable Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDD) 53 PHS ,3,5,7,9,11-Hexabromocyclododecane ,2,5,6,9,10- Hexabromocyclododecane alpha-hexabromocyclododecane beta-hexabromocyclododecane gamma-hexabromocyclododecane Hexachlorobenzene 76 PHS Hexachlorobutadiene 65 PHS Hexachlorocyclohexane 47 PHS WFD 15

19 CAS number Substance name % MS reporting WFD Alpha-HCH Beta-HCH Gamma-HCH (Lindane) Delta-HCH Epsilon-HCH Hexachloroethane Hexazinone Iron and its compounds Isoproturon 35 PS Lead and its compounds 100 PS Linuron 18 Not applicable Total macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin + clarithromycin + azithromycin) 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Azithromycin 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Clarithromycin 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Erythromycin 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Malathion Manganese and its compounds Mecoprop Mercury and its compounds 94 PHS Metamitron Metazachlor Methabenzthiazuron Methamidophos MCPA Metolachlor Metribuzin Mevinphos Molybdenum and its compounds Monolinuron 18 Not applicable Total neonicotinoid insecticides 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list (imidacloprid+thiacloprid+thiamethoxam+ clothianidin+acetamiprid) Acetamiprid 12 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Clothianidin 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list / Imidacloprid 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Thiacloprid 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Thiamethoxam 6 1st Watch list. Suggested for 2nd Watch list Nickel and its compounds 71 PS Nonylphenol 18 PHS Nonylphenol 24 PHS Nonylphenol, branched 47 PHS Octylphenol (4 (1,1',3,3' tetramethylbutyl) phenol) Omethoate Oxydemeton-methyl Parathion PS 16

20 CAS number Substance name % MS reporting Parathion-methyl Pentachlorobenzene 53 PHS Pentachlorophenol 35 PS Perchlorate PFOA Perfluorobutanesulfonate ,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1- sulphonyl fluoride Perfluorobutyric acid Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and its derivatives Not applicable Petroleum hydrocarbons Phenol 18 Not applicable Phenol index Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate Dibutylphthalate PHS Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) 59 PHS Di-ethyl phthalate Dihexyl phthalate Di-iso-butyl phthalate Diisodecyl phthalate Diisononyl phthalate Diisooctyl phthalate Diisopentyl phthalate Dimethyl phthalate Di-n-octyl phthalate Dipentyl phthalate Phoxim Pirimicarb 12 Not applicable Total PAHs (Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Benzo(ghi)perylene, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene) Not applicable ΣPAH9: anthracene; benzo[a]anthracene; benzo[ghi]perylene; benzo[a]pyrene; chrysene; fluoranthene; indeno[1,2,3- cd]pyrene; pyrene; phenanthrene Acenaphthene Acenaphtylene PHS Anthracene 100 PHS Benz(a)anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene 100 PHS Benzo[e]pyrene Benzo(b)fluoranthene 71 PHS Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 88 PHS Benzo(k)fluoranthene 71 PHS Chrysene Chrysene, 1-methyl WFD 17

21 CAS number Substance name % MS reporting Methylchrysene Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene Dibenzothiophene Fluoranthene 100 PS Fluorene Indeno(1,2,3,-cd)pyrene 82 PHS Naphthalene 76 PS Phenanthrene Methylphenanthrene Perylene Pyrene Hydroxypyrene Triphenylene 6 Not applicable PAH metabolites in fish bile 18 WFD Not applicable Polychlorinated biphenyls (7 PCB: 28,52,101,118,138,153,180) Not applicable Non-dioxin like PCB (sum of 6 PCB: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180) PCB 28 (2,4,4 -trichlorobiphenyl) PCB 52 (2,2,5,5 -tetrachlorobiphenyl) PCB 99 (2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl) PCB 101 (2,2,4,5,5 -pentachlorobiphenyl) PCB 110 (2,3,3',4',6-pentachlorobiphenyl) PCB 138 (2,2,3,4,4,5 -hexachlorobiphenyl) PCB 149 (2,2',3,4',5',6-hexachlorobiphenyl) PCB 151 (2,2',3,5,5',6-hexachlorobiphenyl) PCB 153 (2,2,4,4,5,5 -hexachlorobiphenyl) PCB 170 (1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5-(2,3,4- trichlorophenyl)benzene) PCB 180 (2,2,3,4,4,5,5 - heptachlorobiphenyl) PCB 183 (2,2',3,4,4',5',6- heptachlorobiphenyl) PCB 187 (2,2',3,4',5,5',6- heptachlorobiphenyl) PCB 194 (1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5-(2,3,4,5- tetrachlorophenyl)benzene) Picolinafen Prometryn Propanil Propiconazole Quinoxyfen 18 PHS Resorcinol Selenium and its compounds Silver Simazine 35 PS Styrene ,4,5-T Tebuconazole

22 CAS number Substance name % MS reporting Terbuthylazine Terbutryn 35 PS ,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene Tetrachloroethylene 18 Other pollutants Thallium Dibutyltin Dibutyltin ion Dioctyltin Monobutyltin ion 24 Not applicable Tributyltin compounds 88 PHS Tributyltin-cation 65 PHS Not applicable Triphenyltin and compounds Tetrabutyltin Titanium Toluene Tri-allate 6 1st Watch list. Not suggested for 2nd Watch list Triazophos Tri-n-butyl phosphate Trichlorfon Trichlorobenzenes (all isomers) 35 PS ,2,3-Trichlorobenzene ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene ,3,5-Trichlorobenzene ,1,1-Trichloroethane ,1,2-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene 29 Other pollutants Trichloromethane 41 PS Trifluralin 29 PHS Vanadium and its compounds Xylene m-xylene o-xylene p-xylene 6 Not applicable Meta xylene + para xylene Zinc and its compounds 59 Cesium Potassium-40 6 WFD 19

23 Table 2. % MS using WFD PS and certain other pollutants for MSFD D8 reporting in different marine regions Mediterranean Sea (7 MS: CY, EL, ES, FR, HR, IT, MT); Black Sea (2 MS: BG, RO); Baltic Sea (5 MS: DE, EE, FI, PL, SE); North-East Atlantic (8 MS: DE, ES, FI, FR, IE, NL, SE, UK). CAS number Substance name Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Baltic Sea North-East Atlantic Cadmium and its compounds Lead and its compounds Benzo(a)pyrene Anthracene Fluoranthene Mercury and its compounds Benzo(g,h,i)perylene Not applicable Tributyltin compounds (Tributyltin-cation) Indeno(1,2,3,-cd)pyrene Not applicable Brominated diphenylethers (congener numbers 28, 47, 99, 100, 153 and 154) Hexachlorobenzene Naphthalene Nickel and its compounds Benzo(b)fluoranthene Benzo(k)fluoranthene Not applicable Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds ( PCDDs + 10 PCDFs + 12 PCB-DLs) Hexachlorobutadiene Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) Not applicable Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDD) Pentachlorobenzene Atrazine Benzene Chloroalkanes C DDT, p,p' Hexachlorocyclohexane Nonylphenols (4-Nonylphenol) Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and its derivatives Chlorpyrifos Not applicable Total DDT (DDT, p,p' + DDT, o,p' + DDE, p,p' DDD, p,p') ,2-Dichloroethane Dichloromethane Not applicable Heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide Octylphenol (4 (1,1',3,3' tetramethylbutyl) phenol) Not applicable Total PAHs (Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Benzo(ghi)perylene, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene) Trichloromethane Alachlor Chlorfenvinphos

24 CAS number Substance name Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Baltic Sea North-East Atlantic Diuron Endosulfan Isoproturon Pentachlorophenol Simazine Terbutryn Trichlorobenzenes (all isomers) Not applicable Total cyclodiene pesticides (aldrin dieldrin + endrin + isodrin) Trichloroethylene Trifluralin Carbon tetrachloride Cybutryne Dichlorvos Dicofol Aclonifen Cypermethrin Quinoxyfen Tetrachloroethylene Bifenox

25 Table 3. RBSP causing failure and their consideration for MSFD D8 reporting (based on the information provided by 14 MS) X: RBSP causing failure that are not considered by the corresponding MS for MSFD D8 reporting X: RBSP causing failure that are considered by the corresponding MS for MSFD D8 reporting CAS number Substance name BG CY DE EE ES FR HR IT MT NL PL RO SE UK Included in the list of contaminants for MSFD D8 reporting (table 1) WFD substances Aclonifen x Benzo(g,h,i)perylene x x Cadmium and its compounds x Chlorfenvinphos x Cypermethrin x Dichlorvos x x Not applicable Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (7 PCDDs + 10 PCDFs + 12 PCB-DLs) x Endosulfan x Heptachlor x Heptachlor epoxide x Hexachlorocyclohexane x Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene x Lead and its compounds x Nickel and its compounds x Nonylphenol, branched x Octylphenol (4-(1,1',3,3'- x tetramethylbutyl)-phenol) Simazine x Not applicable Total cyclodiene pesticides (aldrin + dieldrin + endrin + isodrin) x Not applicable Total PAHs (Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Benzo(ghi)perylene, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene) Trichloromethane x No WFD substances alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) x Aluminium and its compounds x x Arsenic and its compounds x x x x x x x x x x Azinphos-ethyl x x Azinphos-methyl x x Barium x x x Bentazone x x Benzo(a)anthracene x Boron x x x Chloridazon x x Chlorobenzene x x Chlortoluron x Chromium and its compounds x x x x x x x Chrysene x Cobalt and its compounds x x 22

26 CAS number Substance name BG CY DE EE ES FR HR IT MT NL PL RO SE UK Copper and its compounds x x x x x x x x x Diazinon x x x ,2-dichlorobenzene x ,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-4 D Dichlorprop (2,4-DP) x x x x Diflufenican x x Dimethoate x Epoxiconazole x Fenthion x Fluoride x x Formaldehyde x Free cyanide x x x x Gamma-HCH (Lindane) x Imidacloprid x x Iron and its compounds x x Linuron x x Malathion x x Manganese and its compounds x MCPA x x x x Mecoprop x Metamitron x Metazachlor x x Metolachlor x x x x Metribuzin x x x Mevinphos x x Parathion x x Parathion-methyl x x PCB 101 (2,2,4,5,5 - pentachlorobiphenyl) PCB 118 (2,3,4,4,5- pentachlorobiphenyl) PCB 138 (2,2,3,4,4,5 - hexachlorobiphenyl) PCB 153 (2,2,4,4,5,5 - hexachlorobiphenyl) PCB 180 (2,2,3,4,4,5,5 - heptachlorobiphenyl) PCB 28 (2,4,4 -trichlorobiphenyl) x PCB 52 (2,2,5,5 - tetrachlorobiphenyl) Phenanthrene x x x x x x x x Phenol x x x Pirimicarb x x Prometryn x Propiconazole x Selenium and its compounds x x x Silver x x ,4,5-T x Terbuthylazine x x x x 23

27 CAS number Substance name BG CY DE EE ES FR HR IT MT NL PL RO SE UK Thallium x x x Thiamethoxam x Toluene x ,4,6-trichlorophenol x Not applicable Triphenyltin and compounds x x Vanadium and its compounds x Xylene x Zinc and its compounds x x x x x x x x x x x Not included in the list of contaminants for MSFD D8 reporting Ammonium x x Adsorbable organic halides (AOX) x Azoxystrobin x Boscalid x Carbendazim x Chlordecone (Kepone) x Chloroethene (vinylchloride) x Chromium (III) x Chromium trioxide (CrO3) x x cis-1,2-dichloroethene x Desethylatrazine x Desethylterbuthylazine x ,2-dibromoethane x ,6-dichlorobenzamide x Flufenacet x Fluorine x x Glyphosate x Hydrogen cyanide x Isoxaflutole x metalaxyl x Oxadiazon x Pendimethalin x Permethrin-cis+trans x Phenols x x Phosphate x x Pirimiphos-methyl x Polychlorinated biphenyls x x Propoxur x Propyzamide x Rimsulfuron x Sulcotrione x ,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane x Tin and its compounds x Not applicable Total cyanide x Triclosan x Uranium x x 24

28 Table 4. Consideration for MSFD reporting of RSC substances in the different marine regions 4.1. Barcelona Convention (based on the information from 7 MS: CY, EL, ES, FR, HR, IT, MT). LBS protocol: Substances of concern under the protocol for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea from Land- Based Sources and Activities; MEDPOL: Chemicals monitored under MEDPOL monitoring programme. CAS number Substance name % MS reporting Chlordane LBS protocol Chlorobenzene LBS protocol Chromium and its compounds LBS protocol Copper and its compounds LBS protocol Aldrin LBS protocol 29 MEDPOL Dieldrin LBS protocol 14 MEDPOL Endrin LBS protocol 0 Not applicable Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (12 PCB-DLs: LBS protocol 29 77,81,105,114,118,123,126,156,157,167,169,189) Heptachlor LBS protocol Alpha-HCH MEDPOL Gamma-HCH (Lindane) LBS protocol 43 MEDPOL Zinc and its compounds LBS protocol Black Sea Commission (based on the information from 2 MS: BG, RO). BSIMAP: Substances covered by the Black Sea Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Programme. CAS number Substance name % MS reporting Chromium and its compounds BSIMAP optional Cobalt and its compounds BSIMAP optional Copper and its compounds BSIMAP mandatory Gamma-HCH (Lindane) BSIMAP optional 50 Not applicable Petroleum hydrocarbons BSIMAP mandatory Phenol BSIMAP optional Zinc and its compounds BSIMAP optional 50 Cesium-137 BSIMAP optional HELCOM (based on the information from 5 MS: DE, EE, FI, PL, SE). Potential concern: List of substances of potential concern specified in HELCOM Recommendation 19/5 and annex I; Priority Hazardous: HELCOM List of Priority Hazardous Substances; Core indicator: Indicators for hazardous substances of specific concern to the Baltic Sea. CAS number Substance name % MS reporting Chlordane Potential concern Aldrin Potential concern Dieldrin Potential concern Endrin Potential concern Isodrin Potential concern PCB 118 (2,3,4,4,5-pentachlorobiphenyl) Core indicator PCBs, 40 dioxin and furans Heptachlor Potential concern Beta-HCH Potential concern Gamma-HCH (Lindane) Potential concern Pentadecafluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) Priority hazardous Dibutylphthalate Potential concern 20 25

29 Hydroxypyrene Core indicator 20 Not applicable Non-dioxin like PCB (sum of 6 PCB: 28, 52, 101, Core indicator nondioxin , 153 and 180) PCBs Selenium and its compounds Potential concern ,4,5-T Potential concern Dibutyltin ion Core indicator Monobutyltin ion Core indicator 40 Not applicable Triphenyltin and compounds Priority hazardous 60 Core indicator Cesium-137 Core indicator OSPAR (based on the information from 8 MS: DE, ES, FI, FR, IE, NL, SE, UK). Priority Action: Substances which should be given priority; Possible concern: OSPAR List of Substances of Possible Concern; OSPAR CEMP: Marine contaminants in the OSPAR's Coordinated Environmental Monitoring Programme; Common indicator: Set of common indicators to contribute to the Intermediate Assessment 2017 and may be used by Contracting Parties to support their assessment and reporting requirements under the MSFD. CAS number Substance name % MS reporting Not applicable Brominated diphenylethers (congener numbers Common indicator 38 28, 47, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183) OSPAR CEMP Priority action Chlordane Possible concern Chloro-2-(chlorodiphenylmethyl)benzene Possible concern ,4,5-Trichlorophenol Possible concern Aldrin Possible concern Dieldrin Possible concern Endrin Possible concern Isodrin Possible concern o,p -DDD Possible concern p,p -DDD Possible concern 13 2 o,p -DDE Possible concern p,p -DDE Possible concern DDT, o,p' Possible concern ,4-Dichloroaniline Possible concern ,4-Dichloro-2,5-bis(dichloromethyl)benzene Possible concern PCB 118 (2,3,4,4,5-pentachlorobiphenyl) Common indicator 75 CEMP PCB TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) Possible concern Heptachlor Possible concern Heptachlor epoxide Possible concern Gamma-HCH (Lindane) Priority action Hexachloroethane Possible concern ,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulphonyl Possible concern 0 fluoride Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) Possible concern Dibutylphthalate Priority action Di-iso-butyl phthalate Possible concern Diisooctyl phthalate Possible concern Di-n-octyl phthalate Possible concern 0 Not applicable ΣPAH9: anthracene; benzo[a]anthracene; Common indicator 63 benzo[ghi]perylene; benzo[a]pyrene; chrysene; fluoranthene; indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene; pyrene; phenanthrene OSPAR CEMP Acenaphthene Possible concern Benz(a)anthracene Common indicator OSPAR CEMP 88 26

30 Benzo[e]pyrene Possible concern Chrysene Common indicator 75 OSPAR CEMP Chrysene, 1-methyl- Possible concern Methylchrysene Possible concern Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene Possible concern Dibenzothiophene Possible concern Phenanthrene Common indicator 88 OSPAR CEMP Perylene Possible concern Pyrene Common indicator 88 OSPAR CEMP Triphenylene Possible concern 13 Not applicable PAH metabolites in fish bile Common indicator 25 Not applicable Polychlorinated biphenyls (7 PCB: Common indicator 63 28,52,101,118,138,153,180) OSPAR CEMP PCB PCB 28 (2,4,4 -trichlorobiphenyl) Common indicator 75 OSPAR CEMP PCB 52 (2,2,5,5 -tetrachlorobiphenyl) Common indicator 75 OSPAR CEMP PCB 101 (2,2,4,5,5 -pentachlorobiphenyl) Common indicator 75 OSPAR CEMP PCB 138 (2,2,3,4,4,5 -hexachlorobiphenyl) Common indicator 75 OSPAR CEMP PCB 153 (2,2,4,4,5,5 -hexachlorobiphenyl) Common indicator 75 OSPAR CEMP PCB 180 (2,2,3,4,4,5,5 -heptachlorobiphenyl) Common indicator 75 OSPAR CEMP Dibutyltin ion Priority action Monobutyltin ion Priority action 25 Not applicable Triphenyltin and compounds Priority action Tetrabutyltin Priority action ,2,3-Trichlorobenzene Priority action ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene Priority action ,3,5-Trichlorobenzene Priority action 0 27

31 Table 5. % MS reporting on other contaminants in different marine regions Mediterranean Sea (7 MS: CY, EL, ES, FR, HR, IT, MT); Black Sea (2 MS: BG, RO); Baltic Sea (5 MS: DE, EE, FI, PL, SE); North-East Atlantic (8 MS: DE, ES, FI, FR, IE, NL, SE, UK). CAS number Substance name Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Baltic Sea North-East Atlantic Acenaphtylene Ametryn amino-4-chlorophenol Aniline Antimony Beryllium Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate Bisphenol A Bromacil Bromoxynil Carbamazepin chloroaniline chlorophenol chlorophenol chlorophenol α-chlorotoluene chlorotoluene Chromium VI Clopyralid Coumaphos m-/p-cresol Demeton Demeton-S-methyl Demeton-S-methylsulfon Dicamba Dichlobenil ,3-dichlorobenzene ,4-dichlorobenzene ,2-dichloroethene ,4-dichlorophenol Di-ethyl phthalate Dihexyl phthalate Diisodecyl phthalate Diisononyl phthalate Diisopentyl phthalate ,4-dimethyl phenol ,6-dimethyl phenol ,5-dimethyl phenol Dimethyl phthalate Dioctyltin (DOT) Dipentyl phthalate Disulfoton Endosulfan sulfate Ethoprophos Ethylbenzene Etrimfos Fenitrothion

32 CAS number Substance name Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Baltic Sea North-East Atlantic Fluorene Hexazinone Methabenzthiazuron Methamidophos methylphenanthrene methylphenol methyl-phenol Molybdenum and its compounds Monolinuron Omethoate Oxydemeton-methyl Perfluorobutanesulfonate Perfluorobutyric acid Not applicable Phenol index Phoxim Picolinafen Potassium Propanil Resorcinol Styrene Tebuconazole ,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene ,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol Titanium Triazophos Tri-n-butyl phosphate Trichlorfon ,1,1-trichloroethane ,1,2-trichloroethane ,3,4-trichlorophenol ,3,5-trichlorophenol ,3,6-trichlorophenol m-xylene o-xylene p-xylene Not applicable Meta xylene + para xylene

33 List of figures Figure 1. Number of substances reported by different Member States...31 Figure 2. Consideration of non-compliant RBSP for MSFD reporting...32 Figure 3. Proportion of substances used for MSFD reporting that are WFD (PS, RBSP, and Watch List) and/or RSC substances and additional contaminants

34 Figure 1. Number of substances reported by different Member States Number of MS Number of substances 31

35 Figure 2. Consideration of non-compliant RBSP for MSFD reporting Not considered for MSFD 36 Considered for MSFD 86 Not considered by any MS reporting failure 18 Considered by some MS reporting failure 24 Considered by all MS reporting failure 44 32

36 Figure 3. Proportion of substances used for MSFD reporting that are WFD (PS, RBSP, and Watch List) and/or RSC substances and additional contaminants 25% 75% WFD+RSC substances Other contaminants 33

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38 KJ-NA EN-N 11 doi: / ISBN