DOWNLOAD PDF SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES AT HOME

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1 Chapter 1 : What are some examples of gases around the house? Yahoo Answers Naming examples of solids, liquids, and gases is a common homework assignment because it makes you think about phase changes and the states of matter. Examples of Solids Solids are a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume. All the materials around you can be described as solids, liquids, or gases. Melting Points Different materials melt at different temperatures. The chart shows the melting points of some materials you know. You might find some of these materials in your kitchen. Chocolate feels good to eat because it melts in your mouth! A material with a melting point lower than this will be a liquid. Olive oil and water are liquids at room temperature. Boiling Points Different materials also boil at different temperatures. Liquids such as milk and fruit juice are mostly water. This means they should boil at about the same temperature as water does. It is turned into a liquid. Heating an egg makes it turn from a liquid to a solid. This happens because the heat is changing the chemicals that the egg is made from. It is not the same as a change of state. Is Sugar a Solid or a Liquid? Solids have fixed shapes. Liquids flow and take the shape of the container you put them into. The surface of a liquid is flat. Sugar has some of the properties of a liquid. You can pour it from one container into another. It will take the shape of the container you put it in. It also has some of the properties of a solid. These can be pumped and sprayed, just like a liquid. Sugar also has some of the properties of a solid. You can make a pile of sugar. But it does not end up with a flat surface unless you smooth it out. Look closely at the sugar. You can see that it is made of tiny crystals. The crystals are solid. Solid materials sometimes act like liquids if the pieces are very small. Other solid materials that can act like liquids are salt and sand. Mixtures of States Many things around you are combinations of materials in different states. Some hairspray comes in a spray can. Hairspray is a mixture of tiny drops of liquid and a gas. The liquid is a chemical that keeps your hair in place. The gas helps spray the drops of liquid over your hair. A mixture with drops of liquid in a gas is called an aerosol. Fogs and mists are also aerosols. They are just clouds that reach the ground! Foam rubber is solid rubber with lots of air bubbles in it. Foam rubber is soft and squashy. It is used for cushions and toys. A foam cream on top of an emulsion milk. Some foods are also mixtures. Milk is a mixture of water and droplets of liquid fat. Mixtures of two liquids are called emulsions. Whipped cream is a foam of air bubbles in a liquid. Content on this website is from high-quality, licensed material originally published in print form. Paste the link into your website, , or any other HTML document. Page 1

2 Chapter 2 : Solids and Liquids - Mr. Reguinho's First Grade Class All the materials around you can be described as solids, liquids, or gases. Melting Points. Different materials melt at different temperatures. The chart shows the melting points of some materials you know. What states of matter are we studying? We are studying three states of matter: Solids, Liquids, and Gas Matter is anything that takes up space. All matter is made up of molecules. Solids have their own shape unlike liquids and gases do. Solids take up space just like liquids and gases do. Solids are made up of molecules just like liquids and gases are. Solids do not flow like liquids do. Solids turn into liquid with heat. The Molecules that make up solids are very close together. Solids - Molecules Today we built towers with different kinds of solids. Science - Building Towers with Solids Investigation 2: Liquids have the shape of their container just like gases do. Liquids take up space just like solids and gases do. Liquids are made up of molecules just like solids and gases are. Liquids turn into gas with heat. Liquids turn into solid with cold. The Molecules that make up liquids are not as close together as the molecules that make up solids. A frosted window is translucent. Gases have the shape of their container just like liquids do. Gases take up space just like solids and liquids do. Gases turn into liquid with cold. Gases are made up of molecules just like solids and liquids are. Page 2

3 Chapter 3 : 3 states of matter: properties of solids liquids and gases Some solids are hard and strong, others are flexible. Most solids will melt when heated and liquids evaporate to form a gas. Cartoon animations explain in simple terms why different materials have different properties and how they change on heating and cooling. Other animations cover. Each lesson is designed using the 5E method of instruction to ensure maximum comprehension by the students. The following post will walk you through each of the steps and activities from the solids, liquids, and gases lesson plan. Class Activity Fill an empty soda or water bottle with hot water. Swirl the water around to make the bottle hot, and pour it out. Now, fill a bowl with ice water, and place the bottle in the bowl. Watch as all of the air is taken from the balloon. It might even get pulled into the bottle! Student Activity Questions to ask the students as they watch the demonstration: What happens to the balloon when you place it into cold water? What would happen to the balloon when you place the bottle into the hot water? What would happen to the water in the bottle if more heat was removed? The teacher will help to clear any misconceptions about solids, liquids, and gases. Estimated Class Time for the Engagement: Four of the stations are considered input stations where students are learning new information about solids, liquids, and gases and four of the stations are output stations where students will be demonstrating their mastery of the input stations. Each of the stations is differentiated to challenge students using a different learning style. You can read more about how I set up the station labs here. Students will need to wear goggles for this station as they will be conducting a lab to explore solids, liquids, and gases and even vaporization and sublimation. Students will relate the movement of atoms within the molecules of water to each state of matter. Students will then answer questions related to the video and record their answers on their lab station sheet. How are molecules related to the states of matter? Compare and contrast evaporation and condensation. Make a T-chart with the 3 states of matter and list how the molecules move in each state. Before this station, students have only been taught about the main three. Once students complete this station, they will understand that there are 2 more and how they compare to the others. Students will then be directed to answer a few questions based on the research they conducted. In the reading, students will discover the process that dry ice undergoes, sublimation. Students will learn that certain solids can skip the liquid phase and go straight to the gas phase. There are 4 follow-up questions that the students will answer to show reading comprehension of the subject. The assess it station is where students will go to prove mastery over the concepts they learned in the lab. The questions are set up in a standardized format with multiple choice answers. How does the addition of thermal energy relate to the molecules in a substance? Fog appearing on glasses is know as what process? Steam coming off a pond after a cold front moves through is know as what process? The type of energy which has the greatest impact on the state of matter is known as what energy? Students who can answer open-ended questions about the lab truly understand the concepts that are being taught. At this station the students will be answering three task cards: Describe how thermal energy affects atoms within the 3 state of matter. Describe the process of sublimation. List 3 different phase changes you might see on a bus ride to school on a very cold morning. Estimated Class Time for the Exploration: During the explanation piece, the teacher will be clearing up any misconceptions about solids, liquids, and gases with an interactive PowerPoint, anchor charts, and interactive notebook activities. The solids, liquids, and gases lesson includes a PowerPoint with activities scattered throughout to keep the students engaged. The students will also be interacting with their journals using INB templates for solids, liquids, and gases. Each INB activity is designed to help students compartmentalize information for a greater understanding of the concept. The solids, liquids, and gases INB templates allow students to focus their notes on learning to the difference between each phase of matter, and notes on solids, liquids, and gases. Estimated Class Time for the Elaboration: Included in every 5E lesson is a homework assignment, assessment, and modified assessment. Research has shown that homework needs to be meaningful and applicable to real-world activities in order to be effective. Save yourself a ton of time and grab it now. Page 3

4 Chapter 4 : Can someone give me three solids, liquids, and gases you find in your own house? Yahoo An While solids, liquids, and gases are common on earth, the most common state of matter around the universe is plasma. The reason for this is due to the stars being made of it. The reason for this is due to the stars being made of it. Solids are easy to control. Solids can be shaped and cut up. The shape and volume of a solid will not change unless you break a bit off! Some solids can become liquids when melted, like butter! Some liquids can become solids when they are cooled down water and ice. Liquids are more difficult than solids to control. Liquids are hard to hold or grab. Liquids are runny and they flow downwards. Liquids can change shape depending on the container it is in. The volume of a liquid never changes. Liquids can become a solid when cooled. Liquids can become a gas when heated, like steam. Gases are very hard to control. Gases are all around us and most of them are invisible. Air is a mixture of different gases. When put in a container, gases change their shape and volume to fill up the space. Gases will always fill any container that they are put in. A gas that is not in a container will keep spreading out and its volume will keep increasing. Heating a liquid can turn it into a gas steam. Cooling a gas can turn it into a liquid condensation. Page 4

5 Chapter 5 : Examples of solids, liquids and gases Liquids are less common than solids, gases, and plasmas. The reason is that the liquid state of any substance can exist only within a relatively narrow range of temperature and pressure. the same substance may exist in three states. for example, water in the form of ice is solid; in the form of steam is gas, while a usual form of water is liquid. Solids, Liquids and Gases. Different materials have different properties and can affect the jobs they are used for. The three different properties of these materials are changing shape, flowing and changing its volume. Can the materials change their shape? A liquid can change its shape depending on the container it is poured into and depending on extreme temperature change, gases fill in and spread to fill the space they can reach and a solid does not change its shape but we can change its shape by either bending it, taking away from it or melting it.. Can the materials flow? Liquids and gases can flow, whereas solids cannot flow. Can the materials change their volume by being squeezed? A gas can be changed by squashing it. Materials and their Particles All materials are made up of tiny particles and the way these particles are arranged helps to explain the different properties of the three materials. The particles in a solid are packed so closely together and therefore hold onto each other very tightly that they can barely move at all. The particles in a solid are fixed in a pattern so the shape and volume cannot be changed unless chopped, cut or chiselled. Solids cannot be squashed into smaller volumes due to the particles being so close together. The particles in a liquid are always moving around each other, but with no pattern and changing places all the time. Therefore, liquids flow so easily and can take up the shape of the container you put them in. Because the particles are very close together you cannot squeeze a liquid into a smaller space. The particles in gases are a long way away from each other and they bounce around hitting each other which keeps them apart. The particles bounce off the walls and off each other and can be squeezed closer together when compressed. Gases flow easily and spread out to fill all available spaces. It is easy to change the volume of gases as they are mostly empty space and the particles can easily be squeezed together into a smaller space and this is why it is easy to change the volume of a gas. A burning candle is a solid, liquid and gas. Page 5

6 Chapter 6 : BBC Bitesize - KS2 Science - Solids, liquids and gases Common examples of solids are wood, sand, ice, bricks and steel. Examples of liquids include water, blood, wine, coffee and rubbing alcohol. Some common gases are hydrogen, helium, propane, water vapor and gaseous nitrogen. Millions and millions of these tiny objects fit together to form larger things like animals and planets and cars. Matter includes the water we drink, the air we breathe, and the chair we are sitting on. States or Phases Matter usually exists in one of three states or phases: The chair you are sitting on is a solid, the water you drink is liquid, and the air you breathe is a gas. Water, for example, is always made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. However, it can take the state of liquid, solid ice, and gas steam. Matter changes state when more energy gets added to it. Energy is often added in the form of heat or pressure. Water Solid water is called ice. This is water with the lowest energy and temperature. Liquid water is just called water. As ice heats up it will change phases to liquid water. Liquid molecules are looser and can move about easily. Gas water is called steam or vapor. When water boils it will turn to vapor. These molecules are hotter, looser, and moving faster than the liquid molecules. They are more spread apart and can be compressed or squished. One is called plasma. Plasma occurs at very high temperatures and can be found in stars and lightning bolts. Plasma is like gas, but the molecules have lost some electrons and become ions. Another state has the fancy name Bose-Einstein condensates. This state can occur at super low temperatures. Fun Facts about Solids, Liquids, Gases Gases are often invisible and assume the shape and volume of their container. The air we breathe is made up of different gases, but it is mostly nitrogen and oxygen. We can see through some solids like glass. When liquid gasoline is burned in a car, it turns into various gases which go into the air from the exhaust pipe. Fire is a mixture of hot gases. Plasma is by far the most abundant state of matter in the universe because stars are mostly plasma. Activities Take a ten question quiz about this page. Page 6

7 Chapter 7 : Solids, Liquids, and Gases Solids, liquids and gases The particle theory is used to explain the properties of solids, liquids and gases. The strength of bonds between particles is different in all three states. The simplest form of matter is the gaseous state and most of the matter around us in the solid state. A state of matter that has no definite shape as well as no definite volume is called gas: A state of matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is called liquid. A state of matter that has both definite shape and volume is called solid. Liquids are less common than solids, gases, and plasmas. The reason is that the liquid state of any substance can exist only within a relatively narrow range of temperature and pressure. Kinetic molecular theory of gases can help us understand their properties. The volume of a gas is the volume of the container. Due to low densities of gases, as compared to those of liquids and solids, the gases bubble through liquids and tend to rise up. Gases can diffuse and effuse. This property is negligible in solids but operates in liquids as well. Gases can be compared by applying a pressure because there is largely empty space between their molecules. Gases can expand on heating or by increasing the available volume. Liquids and solids, on the other hand, do not show an appreciable increase in volume when they are heated. When the sudden expansion of gases occurs, it is called Joule Thomson effect. Molecules of gases are in a constant state of random motion. They can exert a certain pressure on the walls of the container and this pressure is due to the number of collisions. The intermolecular forces in gases are very weak. Unlike solids, they adopt the shape of the container. Molecules of liquids are in a constant state of motion. The evaporation and diffusion of liquid molecules are due to this motion. The densities of liquids are much greater than those of gases but are close to those of solids. The space among the molecules of liquids is negligible just like solids. The intermolecular attractive forces in liquids are intermediate between gases and solids. The melting points and boiling points of gases, liquids, and solids depend upon the strength of such forces. Molecules of liquids possess kinetic energy due to their motion. Liquids can be converted into solids on cooling i. Molecules of liquids collide among themselves and exchange energy but those of liquids cannot do so. Properties of solids The particles present in solid substances are very close to each other and they are tightly packed. Due to this reason, solids are non-compressible and they cannot diffuse into each other. There are strong attractive forces in solids which hold the particles together firmly and for this reason solids have definite shape and volume. The solid particles possess only vibrational motion. Unit of pressure The pressure of air that can support mmhg column at sea level, is called one atmosphere. Chapter 8 : Gases, Liquids, and Solids More fun and easy science experiments for children to do at home from The Quirkles. It is a solid No, it is out! It is a gas! Chapter 9 : Solids, Liquids and Gases- Learn Chemistry What the properties and characteristics of solids, liquids and gases are. That objects can be grouped into solids, liquids or gases, according to their properties. That if external conditions remain the same, the shape of a solid will only change if a force is applied. Page 7