Michael Whitlock. #?:Joh. ~esearch Interests. Page 1 of; ubc. ca
|
|
- Calvin Miles
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 v1ichael Whitlock Michael Whitlock Page 1 of; #?:Joh thitlock@zoology. ubc. ca \.ssociate Professor )ep-~lrtment of Zoology Jniversity of British Columbia 3.S., Baylor; Ph.D., Vanderbilt ~uce Scholar, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) - Indonesia ( ); -.JIHPost-doctoral Fellow, University of Chicago ( ); >ost-doctoral Fellow, University of Edinburgh ( ) ~esearch Interests viy research focuses on evolution in structured populations: What are the forces which control the nature and distributior )f genotypes in subdivided populations and how does this affect the outcome of other evolutionary processes? These luestions and others are addressed in a variety of ways, from theoretical analyses to experimental lab model systems to ield research. have investigated the effects of non-equilibrium population structure in the partitioning of genetic variance among >opulations. Most models of population structure assume uniform populations at equilibrium, which is most unlike most tatural populations. My models have included the effects of extinctions, colonizations, population fission events, mequal population sizes, variable migration rates, and other realistic modifications of the theory. :urrently I am investigating a broad array of questions about how evolution is affected by these more generalized modes )f population structure. These questions include: What is the probability of fixing an allele? What is the load due to leleterious mutations? Is this load constant across populations? How is genetic variance maintained in structured )opulations? N' e also are concerned with the effects of small population size on the evolutionary process. Weare measuring the ~hanges in phenotypic and genetic variance as a consequence of population bottlenecks, using Drosophila melanogaster )opulations. Furthermore, we are conducting a series of experiments about the evolution of reproductive isolation in :mall populations. Using a combination of theory and experiment, we are investigating the effect of beneficial mutations m the change in fitness in small populations. am also working on many other evolutionary questions, including the evolution and measurement of phenotypic )lasticity, the effect of epistatic interactions on evolutionary change, the evolution of ploidy in finite populations, ~ffective population size, and others. ;ee a list of recent publications. illdress: Department of Zoology University of British Columbia 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Phone: (604) FAX: (604) tttp:llwww.zoology.ubc.ca/~whitlocklhp.html 2/241200:
2 viichael Whitlock Page 2 of: IBack to zoology faculty listing.!evolutionary Biology at UBC. lttp:// 2/24/200:
3 Michael Whitlock - Publications Michael Whitlock Recent Publications Whitlock, M. C., and D. E. McCauley Some population genetic consequences of colony formation and extinction: Genetic correlations within founding groups. Evolution 44: Whitlock, M. C Nonequilibrium population structure in forked fungus beetles: Extinction, colonization, and the genetic variance among populations. The American Naturalist 139: Whitlock, M. C Temporal fluctuations in demographic parameters and the genetic variance among populations. Evolution 46: Whitlock, M Lack of correlation between heterozygosity and fitness in forked fungus beetles. Heredity 70: Whitlock, M. c., P. C. Phillips, and M. J. Wade Gene interaction affects the additive genetic variance in subdivided populations with migration and extinction. Evolution 47: Whitlock, M. C Fission and the genetic variance among populations: the changing demography offorked fungus beetle populations. The American Naturalist 143: Fowler, K., and M. C. Whitlock Fluctuating asymmetry does not increase with moderate inbreeding in Drosophila melanogaster. Heredity 73: Whitlock, M. C., and M. J. Wade Speciation: Founder events and their effects on X-linked and autosomal genes. The American Naturalist 145: Whitlock, M. C Variance Induced Peak Shifts. Evolution 49: Whitlock, M. C Two-locus drift with sex chromosomes: The partitioning and conversion of variance in subdivided populations. Theoretical Population Biology 48: Whitlock, M. c., P. C. Phillips, F. B. G. Moore, and S. Tonsor Multiple Fitness Peaks and Epistasis. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 26: Whitlock, M. C The Red Queen versus the Jack-of-All-Trades: evolution of specialization. The American Naturalist 148:S65-S77.. Evolutionary rates and the Whitlock, M. C., and K. Fowler The variance among populations in phenotypic variance with inbreeding. Evolution 50: f5
4 Michael Whitlock - Publications Whitlock, M The heritability of fluctuating asymmetry and the genetic control of developmental stability. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B 263: Barton, N. H., and M. C. Whitlock The evolution of meta populations. pp in 1. Hanski and M. Gilpin, eds., Metapopulation Biology: Ecology, Genetics, and Evolution. Academic Press. Whitlock, M. C., and K. Fowler. Evolutionary Biology 10: The instability of studies of instability. Journal of Whitlock, M. c., and N. H. Barton. 146: The effective size ofa subdivided population. Genetics Otto, S. P., and M. C. Whitlock Fixation of beneficial mutations in a population of changing size. Genetics 146: Whitlock, M. C Founder effects and peak shifts without genetic drift: Adaptive peak shifts occur easily when environments fluctuate slightly. Evolution 51: Whitlock, M The repeatability of fluctuating asymmetry: A revision and extension. The Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B. 265: Rundle, H. D., A. 0. Mooers, and M. C. Whitlock Single founder-flush events and the evolution of reproductive isolation. Evolution 52: Whitlock, M. c., and D. E. McCauley Indirect measures of gene flow and migration: FST doesn't equal 1/(4Nm+ 1). Heredity 82: Whitlock, M. C., and K. Fowler The changes in genetic and environmental variance with inbreeding in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 152: Mooers, A. 0., H. D. Rundle, and M. C. Whitlock The effects of selection and bottlenecks on male mating success in peripheral isolates. American Naturalist 153: Fowler, K., and M. C. Whitlock The distribution of phenotypic variance with inbreeding. Evolution 53 : Whitlock, M. C., and P. C. Phillips Genetic Drift. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, in press. Rundle, H. D., A. 0. Mooers, and M. C. Whitlock Experimental tests of founder-flush: A reply to Templeton. Evolution 53: Whitlock, M. C. and S. P. Otto The panda and the phage: Compensatory mutations and the persistence of small populations. Trends in Evolution and Ecology 14: Whitlock, M. C Neutral additive genetic variance in a metapopulation. 74: Genetical Research 20f5
5 Michael Whitlock - Publications Phillips, P. C., S. P. Otto, and M. C. Whitlock Beyond the average: The evolutionary importance of epistasis and the variability of epistatic effects. In Wolf, J, E. D. Brodie Ill, and M. J. Wade, (eds.) Epistasis and the Evolutionary Process. Oxford Press, Oxford. Whitlock, M. C Dispersal and the genetic properties of meta populations. Pp in Clobert, J., and E. Danchin, (eds.) Dispersal. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Fowler, K., and M. C. Whitlock The variance in inbreeding depression and the recovery of fitness in bottlenecked populations. The Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B, 266: Whitlock, M. C., P. K. Ingvarsson, and T. Hatfield Local drift load and the heterosis of interconnected populations. Heredity 84: Ingvarsson, P. K., and M. C. Whitlock Heterosis increases the effective migration rate. Proceedings of the Royal Society 267: Whitlock, M. C., and P. C. Phillips The exquisite corpse: a shifting view ofthe shifting balance. Trends in Evolution and Ecology 15: Whitlock, M. C., and D. Bourguet Factors affecting the genetic load in Drosophila: Synergistic epistasis and correlations among fitness components. Evolution 54: Whitlock, M. C Fixation of new alleles and the extinction of small populations: Drift load, beneficial alleles, and sexual selection. In press, Evolution 54: Rundle, H. D., and M. C. Whitlock A genetic interpretation Evolution 55: of ecological isolation. Whitlock, M. C Effective population size. Encyclopedia Publishing Group, London. of the Human Genome. Nature Whitlock, M. C Genetic drift. Encyclopedia Whitlock, M. C Inbreeding. Encyclopedia of Evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford. of Evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Whitlock, M. C., and Y. Michalakis Metapopulations. Encyclopedia of Evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Whitlock, M. C Shifting balance. Encyclopedia Oxford. of Evolution. Oxford University Press, Phillips, P. C., M. C. Whitlock, and K. Fowler The shape of the genetic covariance matrix changes with inbreeding. Genetics. 158: f5
6 MichaelWhitlock Publications Otto, S. P. and M. C. Whitlock Fixation times and probabilities. Encyclopedia Human Genome. Nature Publishing Group, London. of the )t4no/~ Ives, A. R., and M. C. Whitlock Perspective: On inbreeding and metapopulations. 295: Science Whitlock, M. C Selection, load, and inbreeding depression in a large metapopulation. Genetics. 160: Fowler, K., and M. C. Whitlock Environmental stress, inbreeding, and the nature of phenotypic and genetic variance in Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B. 269: M. C. Whitlock, Phillips, P. c., and K. Fowler Persistence of changes in the genetic covariance matrix after a bottleneck. Evolution 56: Whitlock, M. C., and R. Burger. Still in press. The good, the bad, and the ugly: Fixation of new mutations in small populations. In Ferriere, R., U. Dieckmann, and D. Couvet, (eds.) Evolutionary Conservation Biology: The qenetics of Rarity. Oxford Press, Oxford. Whitlock, M. C. Fixation probability and time in a metapopulation. In press, Genetics. Wang, J., and M. C. Whitlock. Estimating effective population size and migration rates ITom genetic samples over space and time. In press, Genetics. Fowler, K., and M. C. Whitlock. An experimental approach to fluctuating asymmetry: Inbreeding, environmental stress, heritability and fitness. Submitted to Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Bourguet, D., J. Gair, M. Mattice, and M. C. Whitlock. Genetic recombination and adaptation to fluctuating environments: Selection for geotaxis in Drosophila melanogaster. Submitted to Heredity. Whitlock, M. C., C. K. Griswold, and A. D. Peters. The critical effective size of a population with deleterious and compensatory mutations. Submitted to Annales Zoologici Fennici. Griswold, C. K., and Whitlock, M. C. The genetics of adaptation: The roles of pleiotropy, stabilizing selection and drift in shaping the distribution of bidirectional fixed mutational effects. Submitted to Genetics. J. A. G.M. de Visser, J. Hermisson, G. P. Wagner, L. W. Ancel, H. Bagheri, J. L. Blanchard, L. Chao, J. M. Cheverud, S. F. Elena, W. Fontana, G. Gibson, T. F. Hansen, D. Krakauer, R. C. Lewontin, C. Oma, Sean H. Rice, G. von Dassow, A. Wagner, and M. C. Whitlock. Perspective: Evolution and detection of genetic robustness. To be submitted to Evolution. 40f5
Lecture 14 Chapter 11 Biology 5865 Conservation Biology. Problems of Small Populations Population Viability Analysis
Lecture 14 Chapter 11 Biology 5865 Conservation Biology Problems of Small Populations Population Viability Analysis Minimum Viable Population (MVP) Schaffer (1981) MVP- A minimum viable population for
More informationEvolutionary Theory. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers Sunderland, Massachusetts U.S.A.
Evolutionary Theory Mathematical and Conceptual Foundations Sean H. Rice Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers Sunderland, Massachusetts U.S.A. Contents Preface ix Introduction 1 CHAPTER 1 Selection on One
More informationHow robust are the predictions of the W-F Model?
How robust are the predictions of the W-F Model? As simplistic as the Wright-Fisher model may be, it accurately describes the behavior of many other models incorporating additional complexity. Many population
More informationLinking levels of selection with genetic modifiers
Linking levels of selection with genetic modifiers Sally Otto Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia @sarperotto @sse_evolution @sse.evolution Sally Otto Department
More informationSTABILIZING SELECTION ON HUMAN BIRTH WEIGHT
STABILIZING SELECTION ON HUMAN BIRTH WEIGHT See Box 8.2 Mapping the Fitness Landscape in Z&E FROM: Cavalli-Sforza & Bodmer 1971 STABILIZING SELECTION ON THE GALL FLY, Eurosta solidaginis GALL DIAMETER
More informationGenetic erosion and persistence of biodiversity
Genetic erosion and persistence of biodiversity Kuke Bijlsma Population & Conservation Genetics Evolutionary Genetics Wageningen 21-11-2006 Biodiversity crisis: human impact Habitat deterioration, habitat
More informationMutation, Selection, Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, and Nonrandom Mating Results in Evolution
Mutation, Selection, Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, and Nonrandom Mating Results in Evolution 15.2 Intro In biology, evolution refers specifically to changes in the genetic makeup of populations over time.
More informationProcesses of Evolution
15 Processes of Evolution Forces of Evolution Concept 15.4 Selection Can Be Stabilizing, Directional, or Disruptive Natural selection can act on quantitative traits in three ways: Stabilizing selection
More informationThere are 3 parts to this exam. Take your time and be sure to put your name on the top of each page.
EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY BIOS 30305 EXAM #2 FALL 2011 There are 3 parts to this exam. Take your time and be sure to put your name on the top of each page. Part I. True (T) or False (F) (2 points each). 1)
More informationQuantitative-Genetic Models and Changing Environments
Bürger R & Krall C (2004). Quantitative-Genetic Models and Changing Environments. In: Evolutionary Conservation Biology, eds. Ferrière R, Dieckmann U & Couvet D, pp. 171 187. Cambridge University Press.
More informationThe Dynamic Changes in Roles of Learning through the Baldwin Effect
The Dynamic Changes in Roles of Learning through the Baldwin Effect Reiji Suzuki Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan reiji@nagoya-u.jp
More informationTesting for spatially-divergent selection: Comparing Q ST to F ST
Genetics: Published Articles Ahead of Print, published on August 17, 2009 as 10.1534/genetics.108.099812 Testing for spatially-divergent selection: Comparing Q to F MICHAEL C. WHITLOCK and FREDERIC GUILLAUME
More informationThe Wright Fisher Controversy. Charles Goodnight Department of Biology University of Vermont
The Wright Fisher Controversy Charles Goodnight Department of Biology University of Vermont Outline Evolution and the Reductionist Approach Adding complexity to Evolution Implications Williams Principle
More informationEvolution of Populations. Chapter 17
Evolution of Populations Chapter 17 17.1 Genes and Variation i. Introduction: Remember from previous units. Genes- Units of Heredity Variation- Genetic differences among individuals in a population. New
More informationEvolution and the Genetics of Structured populations. Charles Goodnight Department of Biology University of Vermont
Evolution and the Genetics of Structured populations Charles Goodnight Department of Biology University of Vermont Outline What is Evolution Evolution and the Reductionist Approach Fisher/Wright Controversy
More informationNOTES CH 17 Evolution of. Populations
NOTES CH 17 Evolution of Vocabulary Fitness Genetic Drift Punctuated Equilibrium Gene flow Adaptive radiation Divergent evolution Convergent evolution Gradualism Populations 17.1 Genes & Variation Darwin
More informationThere are 3 parts to this exam. Use your time efficiently and be sure to put your name on the top of each page.
EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY EXAM #1 Fall 2017 There are 3 parts to this exam. Use your time efficiently and be sure to put your name on the top of each page. Part I. True (T) or False (F) (2 points each). Circle
More informationCONSERVATION AND THE GENETICS OF POPULATIONS
CONSERVATION AND THE GENETICS OF POPULATIONS FredW.Allendorf University of Montana and Victoria University of Wellington and Gordon Luikart Universite Joseph Fourier, CNRS and University of Montana With
More informationChapter 17: Population Genetics and Speciation
Chapter 17: Population Genetics and Speciation Section 1: Genetic Variation Population Genetics: Normal Distribution: a line graph showing the general trends in a set of data of which most values are near
More informationMajor questions of evolutionary genetics. Experimental tools of evolutionary genetics. Theoretical population genetics.
Evolutionary Genetics (for Encyclopedia of Biodiversity) Sergey Gavrilets Departments of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-6 USA Evolutionary
More informationPopulation Genetics 7: Genetic Drift
Population Genetics 7: Genetic Drift Sampling error Assume a fair coin with p = ½: If you sample many times the most likely single outcome = ½ heads. The overall most likely outcome ½ heads n P = 2 k (
More informationList the five conditions that can disturb genetic equilibrium in a population.(10)
List the five conditions that can disturb genetic equilibrium in a population.(10) The five conditions are non-random mating, small population size, immigration or emigration, mutations, and natural selection.
More informationReproduction and Evolution Practice Exam
Reproduction and Evolution Practice Exam Topics: Genetic concepts from the lecture notes including; o Mitosis and Meiosis, Homologous Chromosomes, Haploid vs Diploid cells Reproductive Strategies Heaviest
More informationThe Evolution of Genetic Architecture
Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2006. 37:123 57 The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics is online at http://ecolsys.annualreviews.org This article s doi: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.37.091305.110224
More informationEvolution of Robustness in Digital Organisms
Evolution of Robustness in Digital Organisms Abstract We study the evolution of robustness in digital organisms adapting to a high mutation rate. As genomes adjust to the harsh mutational environment,
More informationHow genes causing unfit hybrids evolve within populations: a review of models of postzygotic isolation
Popul Ecol (2002) 44:157 163 The Society of Population Ecology and Springer-Verlag Tokyo 2002 SPECIAL FEATURE: REVIEW Takehiko I. Hayashi Masakado Kawata How genes causing unfit hybrids evolve within populations:
More informationTHREE distinct ultimate causes are currently recognized
Copyright Ó 2006 by the Genetics Society of America DOI: 10.1534/genetics.105.046847 Joint Evolution of Dispersal and Inbreeding Load Frédéric Guillaume 1 and Nicolas Perrin 2 Department of Ecology and
More informationGenetics. Metapopulations. Dept. of Forest & Wildlife Ecology, UW Madison
Genetics & Metapopulations Dr Stacie J Robinson Dr. Stacie J. Robinson Dept. of Forest & Wildlife Ecology, UW Madison Robinson ~ UW SJR OUTLINE Metapopulation impacts on evolutionary processes Metapopulation
More informationNatural Selection. Population Dynamics. The Origins of Genetic Variation. The Origins of Genetic Variation. Intergenerational Mutation Rate
Natural Selection Population Dynamics Humans, Sickle-cell Disease, and Malaria How does a population of humans become resistant to malaria? Overproduction Environmental pressure/competition Pre-existing
More informationPopulation Genetics I. Bio
Population Genetics I. Bio5488-2018 Don Conrad dconrad@genetics.wustl.edu Why study population genetics? Functional Inference Demographic inference: History of mankind is written in our DNA. We can learn
More informationEvolution and Natural Selection (16-18)
Evolution and Natural Selection (16-18) 3 Key Observations of Life: 1) Shared Characteristics of Life (Unity) 2) Rich Diversity of Life 3) Organisms are Adapted to their Environment These observations
More information- point mutations in most non-coding DNA sites likely are likely neutral in their phenotypic effects.
January 29 th, 2010 Bioe 109 Winter 2010 Lecture 10 Microevolution 3 - random genetic drift - one of the most important shifts in evolutionary thinking over the past 30 years has been an appreciation of
More informationThe theory of evolution continues to be refined as scientists learn new information.
Section 3: The theory of evolution continues to be refined as scientists learn new information. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions What are the conditions of the
More informationStudy of similarities and differences in body plans of major groups Puzzling patterns:
Processes of Evolution Evolutionary Theories Widely used to interpret the past and present, and even to predict the future Reveal connections between the geological record, fossil record, and organismal
More informationNatural Selection results in increase in one (or more) genotypes relative to other genotypes.
Natural Selection results in increase in one (or more) genotypes relative to other genotypes. Fitness - The fitness of a genotype is the average per capita lifetime contribution of individuals of that
More informationThe Mechanisms of Evolution
The Mechanisms of Evolution Figure.1 Darwin and the Voyage of the Beagle (Part 1) 2/8/2006 Dr. Michod Intro Biology 182 (PP 3) 4 The Mechanisms of Evolution Charles Darwin s Theory of Evolution Genetic
More informationChapter 5 Evolution of Biodiversity
Chapter 5 Evolution of Biodiversity Earth is home to a tremendous diversity of species diversity- the variety of ecosystems within a given region. diversity- the variety of species in a given ecosystem.
More informationUNIT 8 BIOLOGY: Meiosis and Heredity Page 148
UNIT 8 BIOLOGY: Meiosis and Heredity Page 148 CP: CHAPTER 6, Sections 1-6; CHAPTER 7, Sections 1-4; HN: CHAPTER 11, Section 1-5 Standard B-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the molecular
More informationPERSPECTIVE: EVOLUTION AND DETECTION OF GENETIC ROBUSTNESS
LRH: JAGM DE VISSER, J HERMISSON ET AL. RRH: EVOLUTION OF ROBUSTNESS PERSPECTIVE: EVOLUTION AND DETECTION OF GENETIC ROBUSTNESS J. Arjan G.M. de Visser 1, *, Joachim Hermisson 2, *, $, Günter P. Wagner
More informationLECTURE # How does one test whether a population is in the HW equilibrium? (i) try the following example: Genotype Observed AA 50 Aa 0 aa 50
LECTURE #10 A. The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium 1. From the definitions of p and q, and of p 2, 2pq, and q 2, an equilibrium is indicated (p + q) 2 = p 2 + 2pq + q 2 : if p and q remain constant, and if
More information(Write your name on every page. One point will be deducted for every page without your name!)
POPULATION GENETICS AND MICROEVOLUTIONARY THEORY FINAL EXAMINATION (Write your name on every page. One point will be deducted for every page without your name!) 1. Briefly define (5 points each): a) Average
More informationoverproduction variation adaptation Natural Selection speciation adaptation Natural Selection speciation
Evolution Evolution Chapters 22-25 Changes in populations, species, or groups of species. Variances of the frequency of heritable traits that appear from one generation to the next. 2 Areas of Evolutionary
More informationEffective population size and patterns of molecular evolution and variation
FunDamental concepts in genetics Effective population size and patterns of molecular evolution and variation Brian Charlesworth Abstract The effective size of a population,, determines the rate of change
More information19. Genetic Drift. The biological context. There are four basic consequences of genetic drift:
9. Genetic Drift Genetic drift is the alteration of gene frequencies due to sampling variation from one generation to the next. It operates to some degree in all finite populations, but can be significant
More informationBiological Change Over Time. Lecture 12: Evolution. Microevolution. Microevolutionary Processes. Genotypes, Phenotypes and Environmental Effects
Lecture 12: Evolution Biological Change Over Time Key terms: Reading: Ch16: Microevolution Ch17:Speciation Ch18:Macroevolution Microevolution Changes with in species Well defined mechanism Easily observed
More informationPERSPECTIVE: EVOLUTION AND DETECTION OF GENETIC ROBUSTNESS
LRH: JAGM DE VISSER, J HERMISSON ET AL. RRH: EVOLUTION OF ROBUSTNESS PERSPECTIVE: EVOLUTION AND DETECTION OF GENETIC ROBUSTNESS J. Arjan G.M. de Visser 1, *, Joachim Hermisson 2, *, $, Günter P. Wagner
More information- mutations can occur at different levels from single nucleotide positions in DNA to entire genomes.
February 8, 2005 Bio 107/207 Winter 2005 Lecture 11 Mutation and transposable elements - the term mutation has an interesting history. - as far back as the 17th century, it was used to describe any drastic
More informationBIOL Evolution. Lecture 9
BIOL 432 - Evolution Lecture 9 J Krause et al. Nature 000, 1-4 (2010) doi:10.1038/nature08976 Selection http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a38k mj0amhc&feature=playlist&p=61e033 F110013706&index=0&playnext=1
More informationFebuary 1 st, 2010 Bioe 109 Winter 2010 Lecture 11 Molecular evolution. Classical vs. balanced views of genome structure
Febuary 1 st, 2010 Bioe 109 Winter 2010 Lecture 11 Molecular evolution Classical vs. balanced views of genome structure - the proposal of the neutral theory by Kimura in 1968 led to the so-called neutralist-selectionist
More informationUNIT V. Chapter 11 Evolution of Populations. Pre-AP Biology
UNIT V Chapter 11 Evolution of Populations UNIT 4: EVOLUTION Chapter 11: The Evolution of Populations I. Genetic Variation Within Populations (11.1) A. Genetic variation in a population increases the chance
More informationEVOLUTION UNIT. 3. Unlike his predecessors, Darwin proposed a mechanism by which evolution could occur called.
EVOLUTION UNIT Name Read Chapters 1.3, 20, 21, 22, 24.1 and 35.9 and complete the following. Chapter 1.3 Review from The Science of Biology 1. Discuss the influences, experiences and observations that
More informationOn the expected relationship between inbreeding, fitness, and extinction
Genet. Sel. Evol. 38 (2006) 371 387 371 c INRA, EDP Sciences, 2006 DOI: 10.1051/gse:2006010 Original article On the expected relationship between inbreeding, fitness, and extinction Konstantinos THEODOROU
More informationGenetical theory of natural selection
Reminders Genetical theory of natural selection Chapter 12 Natural selection evolution Natural selection evolution by natural selection Natural selection can have no effect unless phenotypes differ in
More informationThe Evolution of Gene Dominance through the. Baldwin Effect
The Evolution of Gene Dominance through the Baldwin Effect Larry Bull Computer Science Research Centre Department of Computer Science & Creative Technologies University of the West of England, Bristol
More informationOhio Tutorials are designed specifically for the Ohio Learning Standards to prepare students for the Ohio State Tests and end-ofcourse
Tutorial Outline Ohio Tutorials are designed specifically for the Ohio Learning Standards to prepare students for the Ohio State Tests and end-ofcourse exams. Biology Tutorials offer targeted instruction,
More informationEcology 302: Lecture II. Evolution.
Ecology 302: Lecture II. Evolution. (Readings: Ricklefs, Ch.6,13. Gould & Lewontin, "Spandrels"; Johnston, Importance of Darwin) Synthetic theory of evolution. Mutation is the source of heritable variation.
More informationDarwinian Selection. Chapter 6 Natural Selection Basics 3/25/13. v evolution vs. natural selection? v evolution. v natural selection
Chapter 6 Natural Selection Basics Natural Selection Haploid Diploid, Sexual Results for a Diallelic Locus Fisher s Fundamental Theorem Darwinian Selection v evolution vs. natural selection? v evolution
More informationMicroevolution (Ch 16) Test Bank
Microevolution (Ch 16) Test Bank Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following statements describes what all members
More informationEvolution AP Biology
Darwin s Theory of Evolution How do biologists use evolutionary theory to develop better flu vaccines? Theory: Evolutionary Theory: Why do we need to understand the Theory of Evolution? Charles Darwin:
More informationTopic 09 Evolution. I. Populations A. Evolution is change over time. (change in the frequency of heritable phenotypes & the alleles that govern them)
Topic 09 Evolution I. Populations A. Evolution is change over time (change in the frequency of heritable phenotypes & the alleles that govern them) 1 I. Populations A. Evolution is change over time (change
More informationMolecular Evolution & the Origin of Variation
Molecular Evolution & the Origin of Variation What Is Molecular Evolution? Molecular evolution differs from phenotypic evolution in that mutations and genetic drift are much more important determinants
More informationMolecular Evolution & the Origin of Variation
Molecular Evolution & the Origin of Variation What Is Molecular Evolution? Molecular evolution differs from phenotypic evolution in that mutations and genetic drift are much more important determinants
More informationNOTES Ch 17: Genes and. Variation
NOTES Ch 17: Genes and Vocabulary Fitness Genetic Drift Punctuated Equilibrium Gene flow Adaptive radiation Divergent evolution Convergent evolution Gradualism Variation 17.1 Genes & Variation Darwin developed
More informationEVOLUTION INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORGANIC EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORGANIC EVOLUTION PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF EVOLUTION Vol. 52 December 1998 No.6 Evolution, 52(6). 1998, pp. 1537-1553 PERSPECTIVE: THE THEORIES OF FISHER
More informationGenetic Drift in Human Evolution
Genetic Drift in Human Evolution (Part 2 of 2) 1 Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Center for Computational Molecular Biology Brown University Outline Introduction to genetic drift Modeling genetic drift
More informationReproduction- passing genetic information to the next generation
166 166 Essential Question: How has biological evolution led to the diversity of life? B-5 Natural Selection Traits that make an organism more or less likely to survive in an environment and reproduce
More informationIdentifying targets of positive selection in non-equilibrium populations: The population genetics of adaptation
Identifying targets of positive selection in non-equilibrium populations: The population genetics of adaptation Jeffrey D. Jensen September 08, 2009 From Popgen to Function As we develop increasingly sophisticated
More informationEvolution of Phenotypic Robustness
Evolution of Phenotypic Robustness Joachim Hermisson and Günter P. Wagner Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA 1 Introduction Evolutionary biology,
More informationFormalizing the gene centered view of evolution
Chapter 1 Formalizing the gene centered view of evolution Yaneer Bar-Yam and Hiroki Sayama New England Complex Systems Institute 24 Mt. Auburn St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA yaneer@necsi.org / sayama@necsi.org
More informationRANDOM GENETIC DRIFT
æ 5 CHANGES IN GENETIC VARIANCE INDUCED BY RANDOM GENETIC DRIFT Draft Version 1 September 008 We noted in Chapter that when operating as the sole evolutionary force, random genetic drift leads inevitably
More informationWhy EvoSysBio? Combine the rigor from two powerful quantitative modeling traditions: Molecular Systems Biology. Evolutionary Biology
Why EvoSysBio? Combine the rigor from two powerful quantitative modeling traditions: Molecular Systems Biology rigorous models of molecules... in organisms Modeling Evolutionary Biology rigorous models
More informationTHE EVOLUTION OF POPULATIONS THE EVOLUTION OF POPULATIONS
WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY, ART NOTEBOOK, PAGE 8 THE OF POPULATIONS Figure 8-10, part 1 Evolution defined. THE OF POPULATIONS TIGER POPULATION Allele frequencies: Proportion of orange fur-pigment
More informationBIOL 502 Population Genetics Spring 2017
BIOL 502 Population Genetics Spring 2017 Lecture 1 Genomic Variation Arun Sethuraman California State University San Marcos Table of contents 1. What is Population Genetics? 2. Vocabulary Recap 3. Relevance
More informationGene Pool The combined genetic material for all the members of a population. (all the genes in a population)
POPULATION GENETICS NOTES Gene Pool The combined genetic material for all the members of a population. (all the genes in a population) Allele Frequency The number of times a specific allele occurs in a
More informationBig Idea #1: The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life
BIG IDEA! Big Idea #1: The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life Key Terms for this section: emigration phenotype adaptation evolution phylogenetic tree adaptive radiation fertility
More information1. What is the definition of Evolution? a. Descent with modification b. Changes in the heritable traits present in a population over time c.
1. What is the definition of Evolution? a. Descent with modification b. Changes in the heritable traits present in a population over time c. Changes in allele frequencies in a population across generations
More information1. they are influenced by many genetic loci. 2. they exhibit variation due to both genetic and environmental effects.
October 23, 2009 Bioe 109 Fall 2009 Lecture 13 Selection on quantitative traits Selection on quantitative traits - From Darwin's time onward, it has been widely recognized that natural populations harbor
More informationPopulation Structure
Ch 4: Population Subdivision Population Structure v most natural populations exist across a landscape (or seascape) that is more or less divided into areas of suitable habitat v to the extent that populations
More informationCHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION. Habitat fragmentation, or the subdivision of once-continuous tracts of habitat into
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION Habitat fragmentation, or the subdivision of once-continuous tracts of habitat into discontinuous patches, has been implicated as a primary factor in the loss of species (Harris
More informationThe case for epigenetic inheritance in evolution
J. evol. biol. 11 (1998) 193 200 1010 061X/98/020193 08 $ 1.50+0.20/0 Commentary The case for epigenetic inheritance in evolution J. Griesemer Uni ersity of California, Department of Philosophy, Da is,
More informationThe Origin of Species
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 24 The Origin of Species Lectures
More informationEvolutionary change. Evolution and Diversity. Two British naturalists, one revolutionary idea. Darwin observed organisms in many environments
Evolutionary change Evolution and Diversity Ch 13 How populations evolve Organisms change over time In baby steps Species (including humans) are descended from other species Two British naturalists, one
More informationThe distribution of beneficial mutant effects under strong selection. Rowan D.H. Barrett. Leithen K. M Gonigle. Sarah P. Otto
Genetics: Published Articles Ahead of Print, published on October 8, 2006 as 10.1534/genetics.106.062406 The distribution of beneficial mutant effects under strong selection Rowan D.H. Barrett Leithen
More informationPopulation bottlenecks increase additive genetic variance but do not break a selection limit in rainforest Drosophila
Genetics: Published Articles Ahead of Print, published on August 9, 2008 as 10.1534/genetics.107.082768 Population bottlenecks increase additive genetic variance but do not break a selection limit in rainforest
More informationQuantitative Trait Variation
Quantitative Trait Variation 1 Variation in phenotype In addition to understanding genetic variation within at-risk systems, phenotype variation is also important. reproductive fitness traits related to
More informationPopulation Genetics & Evolution
The Theory of Evolution Mechanisms of Evolution Notes Pt. 4 Population Genetics & Evolution IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER: Populations, not individuals, evolve. Population = a group of individuals of the same
More informationGene regulation: From biophysics to evolutionary genetics
Gene regulation: From biophysics to evolutionary genetics Michael Lässig Institute for Theoretical Physics University of Cologne Thanks Ville Mustonen Johannes Berg Stana Willmann Curt Callan (Princeton)
More informationLecture 1 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and key forces affecting gene frequency
Lecture 1 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and key forces affecting gene frequency Bruce Walsh lecture notes Introduction to Quantitative Genetics SISG, Seattle 16 18 July 2018 1 Outline Genetics of complex
More informationEvolution & Natural Selection
Evolution & Natural Selection Learning Objectives Know what biological evolution is and understand the driving force behind biological evolution. know the major mechanisms that change allele frequencies
More informationLecture WS Evolutionary Genetics Part I 1
Quantitative genetics Quantitative genetics is the study of the inheritance of quantitative/continuous phenotypic traits, like human height and body size, grain colour in winter wheat or beak depth in
More informationThe neutral theory of molecular evolution
The neutral theory of molecular evolution Introduction I didn t make a big deal of it in what we just went over, but in deriving the Jukes-Cantor equation I used the phrase substitution rate instead of
More informationGenetic Variation: The genetic substrate for natural selection. Horizontal Gene Transfer. General Principles 10/2/17.
Genetic Variation: The genetic substrate for natural selection What about organisms that do not have sexual reproduction? Horizontal Gene Transfer Dr. Carol E. Lee, University of Wisconsin In prokaryotes:
More informationDemography April 10, 2015
Demography April 0, 205 Effective Population Size The Wright-Fisher model makes a number of strong assumptions which are clearly violated in many populations. For example, it is unlikely that any population
More informationAP Biology Review Packet 5- Natural Selection and Evolution & Speciation and Phylogeny
AP Biology Review Packet 5- Natural Selection and Evolution & Speciation and Phylogeny 1A1- Natural selection is a major mechanism of evolution. 1A2: Natural selection acts on phenotypic variations in
More informationThe Effects of Recombination on Phenotypic Exploration and Robustness in Evolution
The Effects of Recombination on Phenotypic Exploration and Robustness in Evolution Abstract Recombination is a commonly used genetic operator in artificial and computational evolutionary systems. It has
More information5/31/2012. Speciation and macroevolution - Chapter
Speciation and macroevolution - Chapter Objectives: - Review meiosis -Species -Repro. Isolating mechanisms - Speciation -Is evolution always slow -Extinction How Are Populations, Genes, And Evolution Related?
More informationQ1) Explain how background selection and genetic hitchhiking could explain the positive correlation between genetic diversity and recombination rate.
OEB 242 Exam Practice Problems Answer Key Q1) Explain how background selection and genetic hitchhiking could explain the positive correlation between genetic diversity and recombination rate. First, recall
More informationMechanisms of Evolution Microevolution. Key Concepts. Population Genetics
Mechanisms of Evolution Microevolution Population Genetics Key Concepts 23.1: Population genetics provides a foundation for studying evolution 23.2: Mutation and sexual recombination produce the variation
More informationProcesses of Evolution
Processes of Evolution Microevolution Processes of Microevolution How Species Arise Macroevolution Microevolution Population: localized group of individuals belonging to the same species with the potential
More informationIntensive Course on Population Genetics. Ville Mustonen
Intensive Course on Population Genetics Ville Mustonen Population genetics: The study of the distribution of inherited variation among a group of organisms of the same species [Oxford Dictionary of Biology]
More information