23.1 Animal Characteristics EQ Although diverse, what common characteristics do all animal share?
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1 23.1 Animal Characteristics EQ Although diverse, what common characteristics do all animal share? Sea Slug
2 23.1 Animal Characteristics Animals are the most physically diverse kingdom of organisms and all are multicellular heterotrophs. Animals range in size from 25-meter-long blue whales to microscopic rotifers. Animals are found nearly everywhere on Earth.
3 23.1 Animal Characteristics All animals share a set of characteristics. All animals share a unique set of derived characters. Animal cells are supported by collagen. three-stranded protein found in bone, skin, ligaments, fingernails, and hair
4 23.1 Animal Characteristics Animals are diploid and usually reproduce sexually. diploid parents produce diploid offspring do not have free-living haploid life stages Diploid cells have two copies of each chromosome: one copy from the mother and one from the father
5 23.1 Animal Characteristics Most animals have Hox genes. Homeotic genes control early development. Hox genes determine the position of cells differentiation. A Hox gene mutation leads to the development of a body structure in the wrong position.
6 KEY CONCEPT - More than 95 percent of all animal species are invertebrates. Sea Slugs eat Sponges
7 Animals are grouped using a variety of criteria. Three criteria are used to categorize animals. 1. Body plan symmetry - Bilateral - Radial 2. Tissue layers 3. Developmental patterns gastrovascular cavity mouth mesoglea muscle hearts brain blood vessels oral arms mouth tentacles segment nerve cord digestive track
8 There are two types of body plan symmetry. bilateral symmetry: body divides equally along one plane Animals with bilateral symmetry can be divided equally along only one plane, which splits an animal into mirror-image sides.
9 There are two types of body plan symmetry. bilateral symmetry: body divides equally along one plane radial symmetry: body arranged in circle around a central axis Animals with radial symmetry have body parts arranged in a circle around a central axis.
10 Bilateral animals have three distinct layers of tissue; radial animals have only two. both animal types have ectoderm and endoderm bilateral animals have mesoderm Animals are divided into two major groups, the protostomes and the deuterostomes. Protostomes form mouthfirst, and anus second. Deuterostomes first form the anus and then the mouth.
11 sponges jellyfish, coral, anemones flatworms Segmented worms clams, snails, octopuses roundworms crustaceans, insects, spiders sea stars, sea urchins lancelets, vertebrates A comparison of structure and genetics reveals the evolutionary history of animals. Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Annelida Echinodermata Mollusca Nematoda Arthropoda Chordata RADIAL 5. PROTOSTOMES first opening of digestive cavity forms the mouth 6. DEUTEROSTOMES First opening Of digestive cavity Forms into anus 3. RADIAL body parts arranged in a circle around a central axis 4. BILATERAL body divided equally by one plane 1. NO TISSUES 2. TISSUES groups of cells work together
12 General Characteristics of K. Animalia 1. Animals are multicellular. 2. The cells of animals are eukaryotic and the cells lack cell walls. 3. Animals must obtain food from their environment. (Heterotrophic) Animals are not capable of photosynthesis. 4. Most animals are motile because of a nervous system and a muscular system. Three examples of animals that are sessile (stationary) feeders are sponges, mussels and barnacles. 5. Most animals reproduce sexually. 6. The two major groups within the animal kingdom are invertebrates and vertebrates. 7. In this kingdom the young usually have the same basic features as the adults. 8. Organisms in Kingdom Animalia usually display a defined shape or symmetry. 9. There are 30 different phyla in Kingdom Animalia.
13 Body symmetry:
14 Symmetry & Dissection Planes:
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