4. Which of the following organelles digests waste using hydrolytic enzymes:

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1 Multichoice questions section. You must answer ALL questions. 1. A cell contains many organelles, each of which has a specific function. What is function of mitochondria? a) production of plasma membrane b) protein synthesis c) aerobic respiration d) anaerobic respiration e) reinforcement of cell support and shape 2. Organize the following structural levels of the human body from simplest to most complex. (1) cell (2) tissue (3) chemical (4) organ system (5) organ a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 b) 3, 1, 4, 5 c) 3, 1, 2, 5, 4 d) 4, 2, 3, 1, 5 e) 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 3. Which of the following statements concerning transport across the plasma membrane is TRUE: a) Polar molecules are transported more easily than nonpolar molecules b) Lipid-soluble substances pass through the membrane by dissolving in the lipid bilayer c) Water cannot move through the membrane d) All molecules are moved across by active transport e) Positively charged molecules move across the membrane more easily 4. Which of the following organelles digests waste using hydrolytic enzymes: a) proteosome b) lysosome c) nucleus d) mitochondria e) plasma membrane Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 1 of 11

2 5. The four primary tissue types are: a) epithelial, cartilage, muscular, and brain. b) connective, epithelial, skin, and blood. c) epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous. d) glands, bone, lungs, and kidney. e) bone, skin, blood, and muscle. 6. The various types of epithelium are classified by: a) size and shape of cells b) the shape of the cell and the number of cell layers c) the number of cell layers and the size of the cells d) the size and location of the cells e) functions and size of the cells 7. Body cavities are spaces within the body that help protect and separate organs. What does "A" represent in the diagram? a) Central cavity b) Vertebral canal c) Thoracic cavity d) Pelvic cavity e) Cranial Cavity 8. Directional terms are important in the study of anatomy. What does "D" represent in the above diagram? a) median b) proximal c) left d) distal e) superior Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 2 of 11

3 9. In the side diagram, what does B represent? a) Receptor site b) Hormone site c) Decision centre d) Control centre e) None of the above 10. In a negative feedback loop, the response of C would be: f) Reverse the original stimulus g) Enhance the original stimulus h) Has no effect on the original stimulus i) Be damaging to the body j) Creates a cycle that moves the body away from homeostasis 11. What does structure "A" represent in the bone diagram? a) cancellous bone b) diaphysis c) epiphyseal lines d) articular cartilage e) nutrient foremen 12. What does structure "C" represent in the bone diagram? a) cancellous bone b) diaphysis c) epiphyseal lines d) articular cartilage e) nutrient foremen 13. Which of the following membranes covers the surface of a mature bone? a) perimysium b) perichondrium c) peritendineum d) peritoneum e) periosteum Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 3 of 11

4 15. Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscle? a) body movement b) maintenance of posture c) respiration d) movement of substances within the body e) production of heat Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 4 of 11

5 Matching questions section. You must answer ALL questions. The below diagram shows spongy bone histology. In the provided table match letters with the function or provide description of the function linked to the indicated letter. (4 marks) E D C B A Function Letter Site of red bone marrow production and storage Cells derived from fusion of monocytes that release enzymes for breakdown of bone Mature bone cells that maintain daily bone metabolism D Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 5 of 11

6 The below diagram shows lower extremity bones. Label as required in the table provided. (5 marks) Bone Letter A B C H E Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 6 of 11

7 The below diagram shows muscular system. Label muscles as required in the table provided. (6 marks) Muscle Letter A B C H E I Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 7 of 11

8 Short answer questions section. You must answer ALL questions but note that each module has 2 choices. Cell biology questions: Answer ONE of following: A. Cell division that results in an increase in body cells is called somatic cell division and involves a nuclear division called mitosis and cytokinesis. Name and describe the phases of mitosis in order they occur. (8 marks) OR B. Cell regulates ion concentration across the membrane by using active transport process and ion channels. Using Na + /Ca +2 antiporter as an example, explain active transport that ensures homeostasis of calcium ions across the membrane. (8 marks) Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 8 of 11

9 Tissue biology questions: Answer ONE of following: A. Name and describe structure and function of all cell junction types. (8 marks) OR B. Name and describe structure and function of all membranes. (8 marks) Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 9 of 11

10 Skeletal biology questions: Answer ONE of following: A. Name and describe process bones use to grow in thickness. (8 marks) OR B. Name and describe process bones use to grow in length. (8 marks) Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 10 of 11

11 Muscle biology questions: Answer ONE of following: A. Draw the structure of a sarcomere, label the components involved in the muscle contraction and describe the contraction cycle. (8 marks) OR B. Draw the structure of the neuromuscular junction, label the components and describe the process of calcium release into the muscle cell. (8 marks) Last updated on 12-Apr-17 Page 11 of 11