Introduction to Basic Geology

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Introduction to Basic Geology : The study of the Earth s physical structure What are some things studied in geology? : Someone who studies the Earth, rocks, minerals, crystals, landforms, weather and the climate, Earth materials, processes, and history What are examples of tools geologists use? List the three types of plate Boundaries: List 4 real life applications of rocks you see daily:

2 Name: Date: Rocks and Minerals: KWL K (what you Know): W (what you Want to know):

3 L (what you Learned):

4 Ingredients: 1/2 cup of white flour 1/4 cup of salt 1 tsp. of alum 1/4 cup of water 2.5 drops red food coloring 2.5 drops blue food coloring 1.5 drops yellow food coloring 1/2 cup of coarse sand 1/4 cup of gravel, 2 colors Equipment: Plastic zip bag Measuring utensils Plates Paper towels Mock Rock Rockin Recipe Directions: 1. Get a plastic zip bag that has the flour, salt, and alum mixture. 2. Add the food coloring to the 1/4 cup of water. Mix it together. 3. Add the colored water to the flour mixture. Knead the mixture until it has the same color and texture throughout and it no longer sticks to the side of the bag. 4. Add the sand and gravel to the mixture and knead until it is well mixed. 5.Divide the mixture into about 8 balls. Hold a rock ball in the palm of your hand, and roll the ball until the surface is smooth. 6. Flatten the rock so that it is about 1-2 cm thick and place it on a plate. Ingredients: 1/2 cup of white flour 1/4 cup of salt 1 tsp. of alum 1/4 cup of water 2.5 drops red food coloring 2.5 drops blue food coloring 1.5 drops yellow food coloring 1/2 cup of coarse sand 1/4 cup of gravel, 2 colors Equipment: Plastic zip bag Measuring utensils Plates Paper towels Mock Rock Rockin Recipe Directions: 1. Get a plastic zip bag that has the flour, salt, and alum mixture. 2. Add the food coloring to the 1/4 cup of water. Mix it together. 3. Add the colored water to the flour mixture. Knead the mixture until it has the same color and texture throughout and it no longer sticks to the side of the bag. 4. Add the sand and gravel to the mixture and knead until it is well mixed. 5.Divide the mixture into about 8 balls. Hold a rock ball in the palm of your hand, and roll the ball until the surface is smooth. 6. Flatten the rock so that it is about 1-2 cm thick and place it on a plate.

5 Name: Date: Before: Mock Rock Observations Draw or trace your mock rock below. Observations: After: What tools did you use? What minerals did you find? How are mock rocks like real rocks?

6 Name: Date: How rocks change : Extreme temperatures and forces that occur under the Earth s surface, which can transform rocks into metamorphic rocks : Caused by high temperatures : Caused by low temperatures : When wind, water, the sun, and temperature changes wear objects down and break them apart : When Weight presses the sediment particles together and water passing through the spaces in between the particles helps keep them together even more

7 Name: Date: Igneous rocks What is an igneous rock made of? Process involved in making igneous rocks: Types of igneous rocks: Examples of igneous rocks:

8 Name: Date: Sedimentary rocks What is a Sedimentary rock made of? Process involved in making sedimentary rocks: Types of sedimentary rocks: Examples of sedimentary rocks:

9 Name: Date: Metamorphic rocks What is a metamorphic rock made of? Process involved in making metamorphic rocks: Types of Metamorphic rocks: Examples of Metamorphic rocks:

10 Name: Date: Minerals Virtual Lab Table Color A B C D E Luster Cleavage/ Fracture Streak Color Hardness Predictions: Mineral A is. Correct Mineral b is. Correct Mineral C is. Correct Mineral D is. Correct Mineral E is. Correct Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect

11 Name: Date: Mock Rock Investigation Write the three types of Rocks: What are rocks made of? What ingredients in the recipe act as minerals? Prediction: What kind of rock do you think we are making? (Hint: Think about the materials we are using!) List some properties of your mock rock: