Central Inuit Household Economies
|
|
- Annice Barnett
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 B/95324 Central Inuit Household Economies Zooarchaeological, environmental, and historical evidence from outer Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, Canada Anne Stevens Henshaw BAR International Series
2 TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PREFACE LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF PLATES vii ix xi xiii xiii xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY 1 THE STUDY OF COLONIAL ENCOUNTERS IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 3 THE NATURE OF COLONIAL DISCOURSE ON SOUTHEAST BAFFIN ISLAND 4 Sources of data. 4 The distribution of contact 5 Environmental parameters 5 BACKGROUND TO PROJECT 6 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 6 CHAPTER 2: ECONOMY, ECOLOGY AND COLONIAL ENCOUNTERS IN THE ARCTIC 7 INTRODUCTION 7 A SUBSTANTTVIST APPROACH TO HUNTER-GATHERER ECONOMY 7 LOCATIONAL AND APPROPRIATIONAL MOVEMENTS IN THE ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF INUIT ECONOMY: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 8 Archaeological Perspectives '. 8 Ethnographic perspectives 9 LOCATION AND APPROPRIATION IN HISTORIC INUIT ECONOMIC FORMATIONS IN OUTER FROBISHER BAY 10 INUIT HOUSEHOLDING: A DYNAMIC MODEL OF HISTORIC INUIT ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS 11 An investigation of the origins of householding in outer Frobisher Bay 11 CHAPTER 3: THE PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTH BAFFIN ISLAND INTRODUCTION 13 PHYSIOGRAPHY OF OUTER FROBISHER BAY 13 Vegetation 13 Temperature and Precipitation 13 Oceanography : 14 Sea ice 14 Outer Frobisher Bay polynya 14 STAPLE BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES IN OUTER FROBISHER BAY 14 Rimed seal (Phoca hispida) 14 Ringed seal breeding and habitat requirements 15 Ringed seal seasonal dispersion and spatial segregation of age classes 15 Caribou (Ranzifer tarandus tarandus) 15 South Baffin Herds 15 Natural cycles of caribou population dynamics 15 OTHER MARINE RESOURCES 15 Western Atlantic Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina concolor) 15 Bearded seal (Eraznathus barbatus) 17 Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) 17 Harp seal (Phoca zroenlandica) 17 Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) 17 Whales (Cetaceans) 17 OTHER TERRESTRIAL RESOURCES 18
3 Grey Wolves (Canis lupus) 18 Arctic Fox (Alopex lazopus) 18 Arctic hare (Lepus arctos) 18 INTERTIDAL AND RIVERINE SPECIES 18 Bivalves 18 Fish 18 AVIAN SPECIES 18 Willow ptarmigan (Lazopus mutus) 18 Waterfowl and seabirds 18 DOMESTICATED ANIMALS 19 Dogs (Canis familiaris) 19 CHAPTER 4: A HISTORY OF COLONIAL ENCOUNTERS ON SOUTHEAST BAFFIN ISLAND INTRODUCTION 20 CHRONOLOGY OF ENCOUNTERS IN SOUTHEAST BAFFIN ISLAND 20 FOREIGN AGENTS OF CHANGE IN THE NORTH 21 Early Explorers 21 Distribution of Contact 21 Seasonality of Contact 21 Nature of Relations 21 Commercial marine mammal hunting. 23 Introduction 23 Distribution of Whaling Activities on southeast Baffin Island 26 Seasonality of Interaction 26 Nature of relations 27 Subsistence technology trade 31 Missionaries 32 Distribution of missionary activity 32 Seasonality of interaction 32 Nature of relations 33 The fur trade era 33 Distribution of fur trading activity 33 Seasonality of interaction 34 Nature of Relations 34 Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) 35 Distribution of RCMP activities 35 Seasonality of contact 36 Nature of Relations 36 SUMMARY 37 CHAPTER 5: ETHNOHISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON NUGUMIUT HOUSEHOLDING 38 INTRODUCTION 38 MULTI-FAMILY INUIT HOUSEHOLD GROUPS: AN OVERVIEW 38 SOURCES OF DATA, 40 LOCATIONAL MOVEMENTS 40 The seasonality ofnugumiut resource procurement and the distribution of settlements through the historic period APPROPRIATIONAL MOVEMENTS 45 Multifamily household groups and the appropriation of goods and resources DISEASE AND NUGUMIUT POPULATION TRENDS THROUGH TIME 52 SUMMARY 53 CHAPTER SIX 54 NUGUMIUT HOUSEHOLD ARCHAEOLOGY 54 INTRODUCTION 54 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND OUTREACH 54
4 ARCHAEOLOGY IN OUTER FROBISHER BAY: RESULTS OF FIELD SEASONS 54 Survey methodology survey results 54 Excavation methodology 54 Excavation results and site chronologies 55 Kamaiyuk 55 Kuyait 57 Kussejeerarkjuan 57 CHAPTER 7: ZOOARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTIONS OF NUGUMIUT SUBSISTENCE PRODUCTION 62 INTRODUCTION 62 THE NATURE OF ARCTIC SITE FORMATION PROCESSES ON SOUTHEAST BAFFIN ISLAND 62 Cultural factors 62 Historic Inuit discard behavior 62 Historic Inuit building construction 64 Animal butchery and processing behavior 64 Reclamation processes 65 Environmental factors : 65 Animal agents 65 Isostatic processes and erosion 65 Cryoturbation 65 Solifluction processes 67 Summary 67 ZOOARCHAEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 68 Curation, conservation, and preservation of Frobisher Bay zooarchaeological collections 68 Identification methodology 68 Quantification methods 68 Tooth thin section analyses 69 Caribou teeth: the physiology of cementum incremental structures 69 Ringed seal canines: the physiology of cementum and dentine incremental structures 70 SUMMARY OF FAUNAL RECOVERY 70 LOCATIONAL PROCESSES 70 Nugumiut prey selection 70 Kamaiyuk households 70 Birds 70 Seals 70 Walrus 72 Polar Bear 72 Arctic hare, 72 Arctic fox 72 Caribou 72 Dog 72 Unidentified bone 73 Discussion 73 Kuyait households 73 Birds 75 Seals 75 Walrus 75 Polar bear 75 Arctic hare 75 Arctic fox 80 Caribou 80 Dog 80 Unidentified bone 80 Discussion 80 Kussejeerarkjuan households 80 Birds 81 Seals : 81 Walrus 81 Polar bear 82 Arctic hare 82 Arctic fox 82
5 Caribou 82 Dog 82 Unidentified remains 82 Discussion...: 82 The seasonality of resource procurement 83 Introduction 83 Seals: Results of thin section analysis 83 Results of caribou thin section analysis 85 Discussion 85 Appropriational processes 87 Seal transport and consumption 87 Taphonomic considerations 91 Discussion 92 Household meat sharing practices in outer Frobisher Bay 92 Methodology 92 Results 94 Future research 94 DISCUSSION OF FAUNAL ANALYSIS RESULTS: LOCATION AND APPROPRIATION IN PERSPECTIVE 94 CHAPTER 8: POLYNYAS, PREDICTABILITY AND PROCUREMENT: THE PALEOCLIMATIC CONTEXT OF NUGUMIUT ECONOMIC FORMATIONS INTRODUCTION 97 THE NATURE OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON BAFFIN ISLAND 97 SEA ICE: MODERN FORMATION AND ABLATION PROCESSES 98 Influencing factors: temperature, synoptic activity, ocean currents, and wind 98 The impact of changing sea ice conditions on polynya formation 99 CLIMATE OF THE LATE HOLOCENE: SUMMER TEMPERATURE AND SEA ICE RECONSTRUCTIONS (AD ) 99 The nature of Baffin Island proxy data 99 Summer temperature reconstructions 100 Ice core melt records 100 Tree rings 100 Historic records 100 Sea ice reconstructions Ice core data 102 Historic records 102 Implications for the presence of the outer Frobisher Bay polynya during the historic period 102 The biological impacts of changing climatic conditions in outer Frobisher Bay 103 Terrestrial 103 Marine 103 THE HUMAN DIMENSION OF CLIMATE CHANGE: MAPPING MODERN SEA ICE FLUCTUATIONS IN RELATION TO NEOESKIMO SETTLEMENT PATTERNS USING GIS 104 GIS and archaeology 104 Sources of data. 104 Archaeological 104 Sea ice 104 Methods 107 Archaeological 107 Sea ice 108 Results 108 Winter sea ice extremes in relation to Neoeskimo settlement distribution 108 Summer/fall sea ice extremes and Neoeskimo settlement distribution 108 Future research 108 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 109 CHAPTER 9: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 117 PHASE I: AD PHASE II: AD PHASE III: AD DISCUSSION 119 Comparison to other northern contact situations 119 PATHWAYS INTO THE FUTURE 120
6 APPENDIX A: FAMILIES LIVING IN CYRUS FIELD BAY AND FROBISHER BAY IDENTIFIED DURING WINTER APPENDIX B: KAMAIYUK (KFDE-5) INDIVIDUAL HOUSE DESCRIPTIONS AND FLOOR PLANS 122 APPENDIX C: KUYAIT (KFDF-2) INDIVIDUAL HOUSE DESCRIPTIONS AND FLOOR PLANS 127 APPENDIX D:.. KUSSEJEERARKJUAN (KEDE-7) INDIVIDUAL HOUSE DESCRIPTIONS AND FLOOR PLANS 135 APPENDIX E: SUMMARY OF QUANTIFICATION METHODS 140 APPENDIX F: TOOTH THIN SECTIONING METHODS 143 APPENDIX G: TOOTH THIN SECTIONING ANALYSES: CARIBOU SAMPLES 144 APPENDIX H: TOOTH SECTIONING ANALYSES: RINGED SEAL CANINE SAMPLES 146 APPENDIX I: KEY TO ICE CODE DEFINITIONS 149 APPENDIX J: ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES INCLUDED IN SETTLEMENT PATTERN ANALYSIS 150 BIBLIOGRAPHY 151
Preliminary Assessment Report of an Archaeofauna from Eyri, lsafjord, NW Iceland
Preliminary Assessment Report of an Archaeofauna from Eyri, lsafjord, NW Iceland Yekaterina Thomas H. McGovern CUNY Northern Science and Education Center NORSEC CUNY Doctoral Program in Anthropology Brooklyn
More informationThrough their research, geographers gather a great deal of data about Canada.
Ecozones What is an Ecozone? Through their research, geographers gather a great deal of data about Canada. To make sense of this information, they often organize and group areas with similar features.
More informationREVIEW OF AERIAL SURVEY ESTIMATES FOR RINGED SEALS (PHOCA HISPIDA) IN WESTERN HUDSON BAY
Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Science Advisory Report 2009/004 REVIEW OF AERIAL SURVEY ESTIMATES FOR RINGED SEALS (PHOCA HISPIDA) IN WESTERN HUDSON BAY J. Blair Dunn, DFO, Winnipeg, MB Context:
More informationPIKIALASORSUAQ OIL SPILLS AND THE BIG POLYNYA
FACTSHEET CAMERON DUECK / WWF PIKIALASORSUAQ OIL SPILLS AND THE BIG POLYNYA In the Arctic winter, cracks and holes in the sea ice are essential to air-breathing animals. Seals, walruses, whales, and bears
More informationArctic marine mammals and climate change. SIO 133 Marine Mammal Biology April 26, 2017
Arctic marine mammals and climate change SIO 133 Marine Mammal Biology April 26, 2017 The Arctic Ocean: Extreme seasonal cycle of light and sea ice Arctic Ocean Food Webs Short growing season Intense
More informationClimate Change and Arctic Ecosystems
itletitle Climate Change and Arctic Ecosystems Climate Change and Arctic Ecosystems Key Concepts: Greenhouse Gas Albedo Ecosystem Sea ice Vegetative zone WHAT YOU WILL LEARN 1. You will analyze Arctic
More informationPOLAR REGIONS. By Kajavia Woods Arkansas State University
POLAR REGIONS By Kajavia Woods Arkansas State University OVERVIEW Life in the planet s polar regions can be difficult. Winter temperatures can reach deep into the negatives, and the winter night can last
More informationThe area on and near the Earth s surface where living things exist. The biosphere:
The area on and near the Earth s surface where living things exist The biosphere: The Biosphere If you use an apple to model the world, which part of the apple would represent the biosphere? Today define:
More informationScoping Analysis of Socio-Economic and Socio-Cultural aspects of Last Ice Area for CANADA
Scoping Analysis of Socio-Economic and Socio-Cultural aspects of Last Ice Area for CANADA Prepared for World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Prepared by Aarluk Consulting July 2009 Table of Contents BACKGROUND...
More informationOrganism Species Population Community Ecosystem
Name: Date: Period: Ecosystems and Their Interactions S8.B.3.1 Getting the idea The environment is everything that surrounds an organism. Organisms cooperate and compete with each other to get everything
More informationClimate Change: How it impacts Canadians and what we can do to slow it down.
Climate Change: How it impacts Canadians and what we can do to slow it down. Lesson Overview This lesson takes stock of how climate change has already affected Canadians in geographic, economic, and cultural
More informationGeneral Characteristics
Polar Seas General Characteristics Seasonal Sea ice can cover up to 13% of Earth s surface Arctic 5% of the world ocean Mostly north of the Arctic Circle Antarctic 10% of the world ocean General Characteristics
More informationRobert McGhee PhD, FRSC August 6, 2010
Comments on: An Archaeological Assessment (Stages 1 and 2) of the proposed subdivision development KNL-Kanata Lakes, Parts of lots 6, 7, 8 and 9 Concession 2 and Parts of Lots 7, 8 and 9, Concession 3
More informationOCEAN FUN PACK. Polar Regions
Polar Regions OCEAN FUN PACK Areas surrounding the Earth s North and South Poles are known as polar regions. They are dominated by the Earth s polar ice caps with the northern resting on the Arctic Ocean
More informationWhat are you doing in my ocean? Sea animals get strange new neighbors
What are you doing in my ocean? Sea animals get strange new neighbors By Washington Post, adapted by Newsela staff on 12.21.15 Word Count 795 A research paper argues that climate change has led to more
More informationResolution XIII.23. Wetlands in the Arctic and sub-arctic
13th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands Wetlands for a Sustainable Urban Future Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 21-29 October 2018 Resolution XIII.23
More informationArctic Marine Ecology: A Primer
Aspen Dialogue and Commission on Arctic Climate Change Working Session 1 Science Briefing Paper Arctic Marine Ecology: A Primer Prepared by SeaWeb Prepared for The Aspen Institute Energy and Environment
More informationComparing male densities and fertilization rates as potential Allee effects in Alaskan and Canadian Ursus maritimus populations
Comparing male densities and fertilization rates as potential Allee effects in Alaskan and Canadian Ursus maritimus populations Introduction Research suggests that our world today is in the midst of a
More informationBIOMES. Copyright Cmassengale
BIOMES Continental drift - slow motion of continents Dispersal of organisms Movement of organisms from 1 place to another Dispersal is usually caused by wind, water or living things Species that evolve
More informationBiodiversity Classwork Classwork #1
Biodiversity Classwork Classwork #1 1. What is biodiversity? 2. In the boxes below, create two ecosystems: one with low biodiversity and one with high biodiversity. Explain the difference. Biodiversity
More informationA THIRTY FOUR YEARS OLD MALE KURIL SEAL FROM SHIRETOKO PEN., HOKKAIDO
A THIRTY FOUR YEARS OLD MALE KURIL SEAL FROM SHIRETOKO PEN., HOKKAIDO NORIYUKI OHTAISHI AND MASAAKI YONEDA Faculty ef Dentistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo The Kuril seal (Phoca kurilensis INUKAI, 1942)
More informationHELCOM Red List Category: Previous HELCOM Red List threat assessments BSEP 75 (HELCOM 1998): BSEP 113 (HELCOM 2007): Greater concern stated by:
English name: Code in HELCOM HUB: Baltic Sea seasonal sea ice AC Characteristic species: Phytoplankton (diatoms, autotrophic flagellates, dinoflagellates), heterotrophic bacteria, zooplankton (heterotrophic
More informationRegional Outlook for the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas Contribution to the 2018 Sea Ice Outlook
Regional Outlook for the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas Contribution to the 2018 Sea Ice Outlook 25 July 2018 Matthew Druckenmiller (National Snow and Ice Data Center, Univ. Colorado Boulder) & Hajo Eicken
More informationNon-Technical Summary
Non-Technical Summary Proposed Project TGS-NOPEC Geophysical Company ASA (TGS) proposes to undertake a two dimensional (2D) seismic survey and seabed sampling in the western Greenland Sea off North East
More informationActivity 1 Eyewitnesses to Change
Activity 1 Eyewitnesses to Change Forces of Change >> Arctic >> Activity 1 >> Page 1 EYEWITNESSES TO CHANGE NATIVE PEOPLES OBSERVE CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE ARCTIC Living With Change Sachs Harbour, Canada
More informationBy Karen Phillips. 12/06
By Karen Phillips. 12/06 Questions The First Americans: Who, What, When, Where, How, Why? Who were the first Americans? When did the first Americans start arriving? Where did they come from? Where did
More informationPastoralists and GIS: Predictive Modeling and Campsite Location in Beidha, Southern Jordan
Pastoralists and GIS: Predictive Modeling and Campsite Location in Beidha, Southern Jordan Outline Predictive Modeling: Why? Why Beidha? Modeling Parameters: What works, What Doesn't. The Model. The Next
More informationWFB 074 Lecture 13 READINGS THIS WEEK. Adam Markham Climate Change and Arctic Wildlife. Clean Air-Cool Planet. Arctic Fact Sheet.
WFB 074 Lecture 13 READINGS THIS WEEK Adam Markham. 2009. Climate Change and Arctic Wildlife. Clean Air-Cool Planet. Arctic Fact Sheet. Gibbs, W. W. 2011. The Arctic oil and wildlife refuge. Scientific
More informationChanging Marine Access in the Arctic Ocean: The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Panama Canal Authority 11 January 2005
Changing Marine Access in the Arctic Ocean: The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Panama Canal Authority 11 January 2005 Lawson Brigham Deputy Director, U.S. Arctic Research Commission ACIA Contributing
More informationBIOMES. Copyright Cmassengale
BIOMES Biogeography - study of where organisms live Continental drift - slow motion of continents Dispersal of organisms Movement of organisms from 1 place to another Dispersal is usually caused by wind,
More informationEcologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs) in the Convention on Biological Diversity Arctic EBSA workshop as an example
Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs) in the Convention on Biological Diversity Arctic EBSA workshop as an example Ville Karvinen / SYKE HELCOM STATE & CONSERVATION 3-2015 12.11.2015 CBD
More informationTwo of the main currents in the Arctic region are the North Atlantic Current (in red) and the Transport Current (in blue).
Have you ever enjoyed playing in the snow or making snowmen in the wintertime? The winter season is our coldest season. However, some of the coldest days we have here in Indiana have the same temperature
More informationPresented by Bjarne Lyberth, Inuit Circumpolar Council Greenland, Executive Science Advisor,
Template for Submission of Scientific Information to Describe Areas Meeting Scientific Criteria for Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas Title/Name of the area: Presented by Bjarne Lyberth,
More informationGGY 301: Research Methods
GGY 301: Research Methods Course No GGY 301 Course Title Research Methods Core/Optional Core for Special Degree :This course provides students with a basic knowledge and understanding of the research methodology
More informationGreenland: Balancing the need for development and environmental protection. Arctic Frontiers 2016 Industry and Environment
Greenland: Balancing the need for development and environmental protection Arctic Frontiers 2016 Industry and Environment Speech by Minister for Finance, Mineral Resources and Foreign Affairs Mr. Vittus
More information6. What has been the most effective erosive agent in the climate system? a. Water b. Ice c. Wind
Multiple Choice. 1. Heinrich Events a. Show increased abundance of warm-water species of planktic foraminifera b. Show greater intensity since the last deglaciation c. Show increased accumulation of ice-rafted
More informationGreenland Last Ice Area Scoping study: socio-economic and socio-cultural use of Greenland LIA
Greenland Last Ice Area Scoping study: socio-economic and socio-cultural use of Greenland LIA Summary Based on recent estimates, the extent of Arctic sea ice is projected to decrease significantly over
More informationJacqueline M. Grebmeier Chesapeake Biological Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD, USA
Update on the Pacific Arctic Region Synthesis Activity as part of the ICES/PICES/PAME Working Group on Integrated Ecosystem Assessment of the Central Arctic Ocean (WGICA) Jacqueline M. Grebmeier Chesapeake
More informationThe Arctic Ocean. Grade Level: This lesson is appropriate for students in Grades K-5. Time Required: Two class periods for this lesson
The Arctic Ocean Lesson Overview: This lesson will introduce students to the Eastern Arctic Region and the benefits of the Arctic Ocean to the people who live in the Far North. This lesson can be modified
More informationTwo Concerns for Managers of Polar Bear Populations in the Near Future
Two Concerns for Managers of Polar Bear Populations in the Near Future Presentation to the Polar Bear Range States Meeting 24-26 October, 2011 Ian Stirling, PhD, FRSC on behalf of the IUCN Polar Bear Specialist
More informationMigratory Bird Setbacks
Table 1: Migratory Bird Setbacks Bird Group Aerial Setbacks 1 Marine Setbacks 2 Terrestrial Setbacks All Migratory Birds SEASONAL (WHEN BIRDS None SEASONAL (WHEN BIRDS ARE PRESENT) Sea-level Coastal Nesting
More informationHOW GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY AFFECT BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
HOW GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY AFFECT BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY Factors Affecting Extinction Rates Natural Factors Climate change Cataclysmic event (volcano, earthquake) Human Activities Habitat Loss/Fragmentation
More informationThe History of Svalbard - Exercise 2017
Mandatory exercise. 66 % correct answers required to pass for final exam. *Required 1. Email address * 2. Student Name (Last name, first name) * Discovery and early history 3. According to Norwegian tradition
More informationSpatiotemporal Variability in Arctic Climates of the Past Millennium: Implications for the Study of Thule Culture on Melville Peninsula, Nunavut
Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, Vol. 41, No. 4, 2009, pp. 442 454 Spatiotemporal Variability in Arctic Climates of the Past Millennium: Implications for the Study of Thule Culture on Melville Peninsula,
More informationANIMAL ECOLOGY (A ECL)
Animal Ecology (A ECL) 1 ANIMAL ECOLOGY (A ECL) Courses primarily for undergraduates: A ECL 312: Ecology (Cross-listed with BIOL, ENSCI). (3-3) Cr. 4. SS. Prereq: BIOL 211, BIOL 211L, BIOL 212, and BIOL
More informationBIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY AN INTRODUCTION 0 ^ J ty - y\ 2 S CAROL M. LALLI and TIMOTHY R. PARSONS University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada PERGAMON PRESS OXFORD NEW YORK SEOUL TOKYO ABOUT THIS VOLUME
More informationMarine Ecology Pacing Guide
Marine Ecology Pacing Guide Course Description: The focus of the course is the interrelationships among marine organisms and the physical, chemical, geological and biological factors. North Carolina coastal
More informationTreasure Coast Science Scope and Sequence
Course: Marine Science I Honors Course Code: 2002510 Quarter: 3 Topic(s) of Study: Marine Organisms and Ecosystems Bodies of Knowledge: Nature of Science and Life Science Standard(s): 1: The Practice of
More informationClimate Change: Why Worry?
Climate Change: Why Worry? Lesson Overview Students will explore the meaning of Climate Change, with an emphasis on the impact expected on future human life, the adaptations which will be required, and
More informationThe Concepts of Post-industrial Shift and their Relevance to the Arctic Context: A City Study of Iqaluit, Nunavut.
The Concepts of Post-industrial Shift and their Relevance to the Arctic Context: A City Study of Iqaluit, Nunavut. Hugo Haley Abstract Mega-trends emerge from the restructuring of the global economy. These
More informationPolar bears must swim further than before
Polar bears in Baffin Bay are affected by climate changes (Article based on the summary of the report A reassessment of the polar bears in Baffin Bay and Kane Basin (2011-2014). Scientists have now proved
More informationA Synthesis of Results from the Norwegian ESSAS (N-ESSAS) Project
A Synthesis of Results from the Norwegian ESSAS (N-ESSAS) Project Ken Drinkwater Institute of Marine Research Bergen, Norway ken.drinkwater@imr.no ESSAS has several formally recognized national research
More informationMulti-sector biodiversity surveys: integrating federal, territorial and community-based surveys. Kevin J. Hedges
Multi-sector biodiversity surveys: integrating federal, territorial and community-based surveys Kevin J. Hedges Outline Study area Research/stakeholder groups Recent integration Eastern Canadian Arctic
More informationBiogeography. An ecological and evolutionary approach SEVENTH EDITION. C. Barry Cox MA, PhD, DSc and Peter D. Moore PhD
Biogeography An ecological and evolutionary approach C. Barry Cox MA, PhD, DSc and Peter D. Moore PhD Division of Life Sciences, King's College London, Fmnklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London
More informationOpening their Shells Getting commercial clammers involved in marine spatial planning
Opening their Shells Getting commercial clammers involved in marine spatial planning Ed Lewandowski Coastal Communities Development Specialist University of Delaware/Delaware Sea Grant Highlights Background
More informationMapping the Arctic. ERMA Training University of New Hampshire April 16-19, Erika Knight Audubon Alaska. image: Milo Burcham
Mapping the Arctic ERMA Training University of New Hampshire April 16-19, 2018 image: Milo Burcham Erika Knight Audubon Alaska Audubon Alaska is a science-based conservation organization that works to
More informationPalaeoecological Implications of Archaeological Seal Bone Assemblages: Case Studies from Labrador and Baffin Island
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Earth Sciences Scholarship Earth Sciences 12-2000 Palaeoecological Implications of Archaeological Seal Bone Assemblages: Case
More informationPrehistory and the Present: Paleoenvironments in the Northern Congo Basin Christopher A. Kiahtipes Washington State University, Department of Anthropology Abstract: The Congo Basin contains a stunning
More informationI EOS. TRANSACfIONS. AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION Natural Variability of Arctic Sea Ice Over the Holocene
Eos, Vol. 87, No. 28, 11 July 2006 VOLUME 87 NUMBER 28 11 JULY 2006 I EOS. TRANSACfIONS. AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION Natural Variability of Arctic Sea Ice Over the Holocene PAGES 273,275 The area and volume
More informationBiomes of the World What is a Biome?
Biomes of the World What is a Biome? A large, relatively distinct terrestrial region with characteristic Climate Soil Plants Animals Interacting landscapes 1 Terrestrial Biomes Using Precipitation And
More informationnetw rks Guided Reading Activity Essential Question: How does geography influence the way people live? Earth's Physical Geography
Guided Reading Activity Lesson 1 Earth and the Sun Essential Question: How does geography influence the way people live? Looking at Earth Directions: What are the layers that make up Earth? Use your textbook
More informationBiomes. What is a Biome?
Biomes What is a Biome? Ecosystems can be grouped into larger categories called biomes Biome A collection of ecosystems that are related to each other, usually based on the type of places they support
More information2. There may be large uncertainties in the dating of materials used to draw timelines for paleo records.
Limitations of Paleo Data A Discussion: Although paleoclimatic information may be used to construct scenarios representing future climate conditions, there are limitations associated with this approach.
More informationCOURSE OUTLINE. GEO 101 Geography 3 Course Number Course Title Credits. Reference Liberal Arts Division Book List
MERCER COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE LIBERAL ARTS DIVISION COURSE OUTLINE GEO 101 Geography 3 Course Number Course Title Credits Required Materials: Catalog Description: Reference Liberal Arts Division Book
More informationClimate Change in Canada
1 Climate Change in Canada Climate change is an urgent, global concern. The implications of climate change are significant and far reaching, with the potential of impacting future generations throughout
More informationSOCIAL STUDIES Grade 6 Standard: History
Standard: History Chronology A. Interpret relationships between events shown on multipletier 1. Construct a multiple-tier time line from a list of events time lines. and interpret the relationships between
More informationSubunit 4.1: 2.5 hours. Subunit 4.2: 2.75 hours. Subunit 4.3: 1.5 hours. Subunit 4.4: 3.5 hours. Subunit 4.5: 1.5 hours Unit 4 Learning Outcomes close
Unit 4: North America The realm of North America extends from the polar regions of the Arctic in northern Canada and Alaska, all the way south through Mexico and the countries of Central America. Geographers
More informationBIOGEOGRAPHY. Teacher s Manual. The Kuril Biocomplexity Project:
BIOGEOGRAPHY Teacher s Manual Table of contents Summary... 155 Vocabulary... 156 Background Information... 157 Procedure... 161 Procedure... 162 Student Worksheet guide Exercises... 163 Subjects: Earth
More informationClimate change projections for Ontario: an updated synthesis for policymakers and planners
Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry Climate change projections for Ontario: an updated synthesis for policymakers and planners Shannon Fera and Adam Hogg Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and
More informationChapter 1 Section 2. Land, Water, and Climate
Chapter 1 Section 2 Land, Water, and Climate Vocabulary 1. Landforms- natural features of the Earth s land surface 2. Elevation- height above sea level 3. Relief- changes in height 4. Core- most inner
More informationGlobal Climate Change
Why? Global Climate Change What evidence have scientists collected to support global climate change? Global climate change is a topic that is frequently discussed but often misunderstood due to the complexities
More informationMain Criteria: Iowa Core Secondary Criteria: Virtual Field Trips Subjects: Science, Social Studies Grade: 4 Correlation Options: Show Correlated
Main Criteria: Iowa Core Secondary Criteria: Subjects: Science, Social Studies Grade: 4 Correlation Options: Show Correlated Iowa Core Science Grade: 4 - Adopted: 2015 STRAND / COURSE IA.4-LS1. From Molecules
More informationIntroduction to Part III Examining wildlife distributions and abundance using boat surveys
Baseline Wildlife Studies in Atlantic Waters Offshore of Maryland: Final Report to the Maryland Department of Natural Resources and Maryland Energy Administration, 2015 Introduction to Part III Examining
More informationActivity 5 Changes Ahoof?
Activity 5 Changes Ahoof? Forces of Change >> Arctic >> Activity 5 >> Page 1 ACTIVITY 5 CHANGES AHOOF? COULD CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECT ARCTIC CARIBOU? Caribou or Reindeer? They are the same species, but called
More informationSocial Studies. Chapter 2 Canada s Physical Landscape
Social Studies Chapter 2 Canada s Physical Landscape Introduction Canada s geography its landforms and climate - has a great impact on Canadians sense of identity. Planet Earth The earth is divided into
More informationDefine Ecology. study of the interactions that take place among organisms and their environment
Ecology Define Ecology Define Ecology study of the interactions that take place among organisms and their environment Describe each of the following terms: Biosphere Biotic Abiotic Describe each of the
More informationArctic climate change 1750 to 1850: new insights from old documents. Catharine Ward University of Sunderland
Arctic climate change 1750 to 1850: new insights from old documents Catharine Ward University of Sunderland 4 th ACRE workshop/ec FP7 EURO4M/ERA CLIM KNMI, De Bilt, The Netherlands 21-23 September 2011
More informationClues to the Past. Grades 6-8 Educational Program Guide
Clues to the Past Grades 6-8 Educational Program Guide OAS Science Practices: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 Program Overview The Clues to the Past program will introduce students to several 300 million years old
More informationEssential Questions Land Biomes 5
Ecosystems Table of Contents Essential Questions 1 Vocabulary 2-4 Land Biomes 5 Essential Questions 1. How do plants and animals depend upon one another to grow and change in an ecosystem? 2. What are
More informationThursday, April 27, 17
Thursday, April 27, 17 Geography of Southeast Asia Objec-ve: Understand the geographical differences between the mainland region and the insular region of Southeast Asia. Do Now: What is the capital of
More informationSt Kilda World Heritage Site: Statement of Outstanding Universal Value
St Kilda World Heritage Site: Statement of Outstanding Universal Value Adopted by UNESCO World Heritage Committee Thirty-seventh session, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, June 2013 http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/387
More informationadaptations: structures or behaviors in organisms that help them survive in their environment
Giraffes are unique animals because they have such long necks. The neck of a modern day giraffe is much longer than the neck of an ancient giraffe that lived long ago. How and why did the giraffe change
More informationMajor human activities affecting Norwegian coastal marine ecosystems; present status and challenges
Major human activities affecting Norwegian coastal marine ecosystems; present status and challenges Erlend Moksness PICES Annual Meeting - Science Board Symposium 26. October 2009, Jeju, Korea FUTURE:
More informationGEOGRAPHY (GEOGRPHY) Geography (GEOGRPHY) 1
Geography (GEOGRPHY) 1 GEOGRAPHY (GEOGRPHY) GEOGRPHY 1040 Planet Earth 4 Credits The features of the natural environment (lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere); their character, distribution, origin
More informationArizona Educator Proficiency Assessments (AEPA ) FIELD 04: GEOGRAPHY TEST OBJECTIVES
Arizona Educator Proficiency Assessments (AEPA ) TEST OBJECTIVES Subarea Range of Objectives Approximate Test Proportions I. Geographic Concepts and Skills 1 6 25% II. World Geography 7 14 34% III. United
More informationBIM FOR SURVEYORS. Survey Economics. Tracking Wildlife. Measuring a Meridian State of recovery. With a total station. Time in 1700s Philadelphia
JUNE 2017 BIM FOR SURVEYORS Survey Economics Tracking Wildlife Measuring a Meridian State of recovery With a total station Time in 1700s Philadelphia hale Wa Using a Total Station to Track Marine Mammals
More informationThe structure of the Earth and how its motion creates the seasons. The landforms of the earth and the forces that shape the land.
The structure of the Earth and how its motion creates the seasons. The landforms of the earth and the forces that shape the land. The role of wind and water in creating climate. The different climate and
More informationAPPENDIX B PHYSICAL BASELINE STUDY: NORTHEAST BAFFIN BAY 1
APPENDIX B PHYSICAL BASELINE STUDY: NORTHEAST BAFFIN BAY 1 1 By David B. Fissel, Mar Martínez de Saavedra Álvarez, and Randy C. Kerr, ASL Environmental Sciences Inc. (Feb. 2012) West Greenland Seismic
More informationLATITUDE. Latitude lines run to, but are measured & The 0 of latitude that circles the earth is called the?
LATITUDE Latitude lines run to, but are measured & The 0 of latitude that circles the earth is called the? LATITUDE 0 0 Latitude lines run east to west, but are measured north & south The 0 of latitude
More informationClimate Change Projections for Newfoundland and Labrador Implications for Our Economy. NEIA Conference October 10 th 2013.
Climate Change Projections for Newfoundland and Labrador Implications for Our Economy NEIA Conference October 10 th 2013 Jackie Janes, ADM Overview To provide a high-level overview of the climate change
More informationResearch Background: Researcher Sam Bond taking Sediment Elevation Table (SET) measurements in the marsh. A view of salt marsh hay growing in a marsh
Name Keeping up with the sea level Featured scientist: Anne Giblin from the Marine Biological Laboratory and the Plum Island Ecosystems Long-Term Ecological Research site Research Background: Salt marshes
More informationAbiotic Dominant Dominant Factors Plants Animals
TERRESTRIAL BIOMES Abiotic Dominant Dominant Factors Plants Animals Tropical Rain Forest Hot & wet year round Ferns Woody vines Broad leaved evergreen trees Sloths Jaguars Monkeys Toucans Tropical Dry
More informationCANADA S ARCTIC MARINE ATLAS
CANADA S ARCTIC MARINE ATLAS This Atlas is funded in part by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. i Suggested Citation: Oceans North Conservation Society, World Wildlife Fund Canada, and Ducks Unlimited
More informationCLIMATE CHANGE, CATASTROPHE AND THE TIDES OF HISTORY. 1. CLIMATE THE LONG VIEW.
LL Innis / 3ALB 2018 CLIMATE CHANGE, CATASTROPHE AND THE TIDES OF HISTORY. 1. CLIMATE THE LONG VIEW. Climate has controlled our evolution, our spread around the globe, and our social, political, economic
More informationCanadian Ice Service
Canadian Ice Service Key Points and Details concerning the 2009 Arctic Minimum Summer Sea Ice Extent October 1 st, 2009 http://ice-glaces.ec.gc.ca 1 Key Points of Interest Arctic-wide The Arctic-wide minimum
More informationTeaching Time: 2-3 hours
Lesson Summary Students will learn about the Polar Regions and find and classify images of different changing polar landscapes. Prior Knowledge & Skills Analytical skills Responsible internet search skills
More informationCanada's Western Arctic: Report On Investigations In , , And 1930; Canada's Eastern Arctic: Its History, Resources, Population And
Canada's Western Arctic: Report On Investigations In 1925-26, 1928-29, And 1930; Canada's Eastern Arctic: Its History, Resources, Population And Administration By L. T. Burwash;W. C. Bethune If looking
More informationUnit 1: Basics of Geography Test Review
Name Date Period Unit 1: Basics of Geography Test Review Directions: Reading the following sections and complete the questions, charts, and diagrams. Types of Maps Maps that have a particular theme are
More informationPÀ ÁðlPÀ gádå G À Áå ÀPÀgÀ CºÀðvÁ ÀjÃPÉë KARNATAKA STATE ELIGIBILITY TEST FOR LECTUERSHIP
PÀ ÁðlPÀ gádå G À Áå ÀPÀgÀ CºÀðvÁ ÀjÃPÉë KARNATAKA STATE ELIGIBILITY TEST FOR LECTUERSHIP Subject: GEOGRAPHY Subject Code: 08 Note: There will be two question papers, Paper-II and Paper-III. Paper II will
More information