SECTION L. Isobars. Thermal Solutions Worldwide. Introduction to Isobar Heat Pipes and How They Work L-2. Common Isobar Types L-3
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1 Thermal Solutions Worldwide SECTION L Isobars Introduction to Isobar Heat Pipes and How They Work L-2 Common Isobar Types L-3 Sizes and Ordering L-4
2 Introduction to Isobar Heat Pipes and How They Work Where Isobars Come From Acrolab's Isobar heat pipes have their roots in thermosyphons. Thermosyphons function as a super-thermal conductor only in a vertical or near vertical plane. In a thermosyphon, a small quantity of working fluid is placed in an evacuated tube. Heat is applied to the base of the tube, causing the temperature of the working fluid to rise as this fluid heats, it vaporizes. This vapor then migrates to the colder end of the tube where it is condensed. The condensate is returned to the heated tube end by gravity. Since the latent heat of evaporation is large, considerable quantities of heat can be transferred with a very small temperature difference from end to end. The thermosyphon is limited in application because the evaporator region must be situated lower than the condenser region. How Isobars Work The Isobar Heat Pipe improves on this in that it incorporates a sophisticated solid-state pump to return the condensate to the evaporator site. This pump takes the form of a fine metallic wick that resides tight to the inner wall of the Isobar. This wick, through its capillary action, returns the working fluid to the evaporator without regard to orientation. In a normal environment, the wick permits equal function in vertical and horizontal planes. In applications where the evaporator site is above the condenser, the performance of the Isobar Heat Pipe is controlled by the capillary action of the wick structure. Steel Core Heating Comparison L-2
3 Common Isobar Types Straight: Utilized for basic applications: Plastic Tooling, Composite Tooling, Rubber Tooling. Baffle: Used mainly for cooling applications to enhance cooling over standard baffles or bubblers. Stepped: Typically used in cores or core pins for heating or cooling applications. Finned: Used in more advanced applications: Typically found in oven or autoclave tooling, natural or forced air convection applications. Hollow: Used in applications with center extraction or heating/cooling is required down a center shaft. Custom: Acrolab has built thousands of custom Isobars for many different clients and industries. Contact us if you require something outside of the norm. Acrolab engineers and customizes Isobar heat pipes to all different shapes and sizes. Commonly used Isobars are: straight, baffled, finned, and stepped. For these types of Isobars, temperatures can range from 50 F to 500 F. Acrolab also engineers low temperature Isobars that operate at temperatures from -103 F to 50 F. These special Isobars are application dependent and are available upon request. L-3
4 Sizing and Ordering Standard Isobars Acrolab Isobars are a 3 in 1 solution. They can provide cooling and/or heating solutions for your application. Looking for thermal uniformity? They can also create a uniform temperature along the linear length. Sizes Sample Part Number For Straight Isobars --ISO-- --OD-- X --LENGTH Example --ISO-- --1/2-- X Hole 3/32" 0.093" 0.096" N/A 1/8" 0.124" 0.127" N/A 5/32" 0.154" 0.157" N/A 3/16" 0.185" 0.189" 4-40NC 1/4" 0.249" 0.252" 4-40NC 5/16" 0.311" 0.314" 6-32NC 3/8" 0.374" 0.377" 6-32NC 1/2" 0.499" 0.502" 10-24NC 5/8" 0.624" 0.627" 10-24NC 3/4" 0.748" 0.752" 3/8-16NC Hole 3mm 2.99mm 3.07mm N/A 4mm 3.96mm 4.04mm N/A 5mm 5.00mm 5.08mm M-2 x 0.4 6mm 5.97mm 6.04mm M-2 x 0.4 8mm 7.98mm 8.05mm M-2 x mm 9.91mm 10.00mm M-5 x mm 11.86mm 11.96mm M-5 x mm 14.86mm 14.96mm M-5 x mm 15.98mm 16.08mm M-5 x mm 17.88mm 17.98mm M-6 x mm 19.84mm 19.94mm M-6 x mm 24.84mm 24.94mm M-6 x mm 29.85mm 29.94mm M-6 x 1.0 OD Tolerance Hole Tolerance Isobar Length Tolerance " / " ±0.001" " / " L-4
5 Sizing and Ordering Baffle Isobars Acrolab s baffle Isobars allow for deeper cooling in a tool. Having grime build up in your holes? They also give the option to replace bubblers and baffles to avoid grime build up. Sizes Sample Part Number For Baffle Isobars --ISO-- --BAF-- --OD-- X --LENGTH Example --ISO-- --BAF-- -5/8-- X For Ordering --SEE FORMATS-- Hole 3/32" 0.093" 0.096" N/A 1/8" 0.124" 0.127" N/A 5/32" 0.154" 0.157" N/A 3/16" 0.185" 0.189" 4-40NC 1/4" 0.249" 0.252" 4-40NC 5/16" 0.311" 0.314" 6-32NC 3/8" 0.374" 0.377" 6-32NC 1/2" 0.499" 0.502" 10-24NC 5/8" 0.624" 0.627" 10-24NC 3/4" 0.748" 0.752" 3/8-16NC Hole 3mm 2.99mm 3.07mm N/A 4mm 3.96mm 4.04mm N/A 5mm 5.00mm 5.08mm M-2 x 0.4 6mm 5.97mm 6.04mm M-2 x 0.4 8mm 7.98mm 8.05mm M-2 x mm 9.91mm 10.00mm M-5 x mm 11.86mm 11.96mm M-5 x mm 14.86mm 14.96mm M-5 x mm 15.98mm 16.08mm M-5 x mm 17.88mm 17.98mm M-6 x mm 19.84mm 19.94mm M-6 x mm 24.84mm 24.94mm M-6 x mm 29.85mm 29.94mm M-6 x 1.0 OD Tolerance Hole Tolerance Isobar Length Tolerance " / " ±0.001" " / " L-5
6 Acrolab Baffle Isobar Detail Format #1 Acrolab Baffle Isobar Detail Format #2 L-6
7 Acrolab Baffle Isobar Detail Format #3 L-7
8 Stepped Isobars Acrolab s Stepped Isobars can be used in many applications. The most popular application is core pin cooling. By installing the Isobar with a tail end sticking into the water channel you can increase cooling capacity and achieve better uniformity without running water up the core pin. Sizes Sample Part Number For Stepped Isobars --ISO-- --STEP-- --LG OD-- X -LENGTH --SM OD-- X --LENGTH Example --ISO-- --STEP-- --1/2-- X /8-- X Hole 3/32" 0.093" 0.096" N/A 1/8" 0.124" 0.127" N/A 5/32" 0.154" 0.157" N/A 3/16" 0.185" 0.189" 4-40NC 1/4" 0.249" 0.252" 4-40NC 5/16" 0.311" 0.314" 6-32NC 3/8" 0.374" 0.377" 6-32NC 1/2" 0.499" 0.502" 10-24NC 5/8" 0.624" 0.627" 10-24NC 3/4" 0.748" 0.752" 3/8-16NC Hole 3mm 2.99mm 3.07mm N/A 4mm 3.96mm 4.04mm N/A 5mm 5.00mm 5.08mm M-2 x 0.4 6mm 5.97mm 6.04mm M-2 x 0.4 8mm 7.98mm 8.05mm M-2 x mm 9.91mm 10.00mm M-5 x mm 11.86mm 11.96mm M-5 x mm 14.86mm 14.96mm M-5 x mm 15.98mm 16.08mm M-5 x mm 17.88mm 17.98mm M-6 x mm 19.84mm 19.94mm M-6 x mm 24.84mm 24.94mm M-6 x mm 29.85mm 29.94mm M-6 x 1.0 OD Tolerance Hole Tolerance Isobar Length Tolerance " / " ±0.001" " / " L-8
9 Finned Isobars Acrolab s Finned Isobars are typically utilized in natural or forced air applications. Finned Isobars are used inside an oven or autoclave to absorb additional heat from the environment, and direct it into a specific area; such as a tool. They can also be used in rotational molding to get heat in tough geometry locations. Sizes Sample Part Number For Finned Isobars --ISO-- --FIN-- --OD-- X -LENGTH X -- FIN LENGTH X --# OF FINS Example --ISO-- --FIN MM-- X --200MM- X --75MM-- X -10- Hole 3/32" 0.093" 0.096" N/A 1/8" 0.124" 0.127" N/A 5/32" 0.154" 0.157" N/A 3/16" 0.185" 0.189" 4-40NC 1/4" 0.249" 0.252" 4-40NC 5/16" 0.311" 0.314" 6-32NC 3/8" 0.374" 0.377" 6-32NC 1/2" 0.499" 0.502" 10-24NC 5/8" 0.624" 0.627" 10-24NC 3/4" 0.748" 0.752" 3/8-16NC Hole 3mm 2.99mm 3.07mm N/A 4mm 3.96mm 4.04mm N/A 5mm 5.00mm 5.08mm M-2 x 0.4 6mm 5.97mm 6.04mm M-2 x 0.4 8mm 7.98mm 8.05mm M-2 x mm 9.91mm 10.00mm M-5 x mm 11.86mm 11.96mm M-5 x mm 14.86mm 14.96mm M-5 x mm 15.98mm 16.08mm M-5 x mm 17.88mm 17.98mm M-6 x mm 19.84mm 19.94mm M-6 x mm 24.84mm 24.94mm M-6 x mm 29.85mm 29.94mm M-6 x 1.0 OD Tolerance Hole Tolerance Isobar Length Tolerance " / " ±0.001" " / " **Fin material, shape, size, spacing, and quantity will vary depending on application L-9
10 Hollow Isobars Acrolab s Hollow Isobars can be applied to many applications. Typically clients utilize hollow Isobars where air ejection is required down the center of the Isobar. The center tube can also be used to heat or cool. Sizes (Inches) Sample Part Number For Hollow Isobars --ISO-- --HOL-- --OD-- -INNER TUBE OD X --LENGTH Example --ISO-- --HOL-- --1/ /4-- X OUTSIDE DIAMETER INSIDE DIAMETER DIAMETER TOLERANCE HOLE DRILLING SPECIFICATION 3/32" 0.064" " / " 3/32" ±0.001" N/A 1/8" 0.097" " / " 1/8" ±0.001" N/A 5/32" 0.116" " / " 5/32" ±0.001" N/A 3/16" 0.147" " / " 3/16" ±0.001" N/A 1/4" 0.188" " / " 1/4" ±0.001" N/A 5/16" 0.250" " / " 5/16" ±0.001" N/A 3/8" 0.313" " / " 3/8" ±0.001" N/A 1/2" 0.438" " / " 1/2" ±0.001" N/A 5/8" 0.563" " / " 5/8" ±0.001" N/A 3/4" 0.680" " / " 3/4" ±0.001" N/A * LENGTH TOLERANCE = /-0.060" L-10
11 Sizes (mm) OUTSIDE DIAMETER INSIDE DIAMETER DIAMETER TOLERANCE HOLE DRILLING SPECIFICATION 3mm 1.98mm mm / mm 3mm ±0.03mm N/A 4mm 3.15mm mm / mm 4mm ±0.03mm N/A 5mm 4.05mm mm / mm 5mm ±0.03mm N/A 6mm 4.42mm mm / mm 6mm ±0.03mm N/A 8mm 6.43mm mm / mm 8mm ±0.03mm N/A 10mm 8.79mm mm / mm 10mm ±0.03mm N/A 12mm 10.16mm mm / mm 12mm ±0.03mm N/A 15mm 12.93mm mm / mm 15mm ±0.03mm N/A 16mm 14.30mm mm / mm 16mm ±0.03mm N/A 18mm 15.88mm mm / mm 18mm ±0.03mm N/A 20mm 17.78mm mm / mm 20mm ±0.03mm N/A 25mm 22.81mm mm / mm 25mm ±0.03mm N/A 30mm 27.81mm mm / mm 30mm ±0.03mm N/A * LENGTH TOLERANCE = /-1.5mm L-11
12 Custom Isobars Acrolab s can manufacture custom Isobars to suit your specific application(s). Because every application is different Acrolab engineers can review your specific needs and design a custom Isobar to suit. Isobar For Brake Tooling Isobar For Medical Application Hollow Isobar For Plastic Barrel Screw Baffle Isobar For Plastic Injection L-12
13 Circular Isobar For Plastic Welding Finned Isobar For TEG Application Finned Isobar For Auto Lens Application Baffle Isobar For Plastic Cooling Application L-13
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