Black Holes. Unseen Mysteries of Space. Casey Andreas Piper Jonathan

Transcription

1 Black Holes Unseen Mysteries of Space Casey Andreas Piper Jonathan June 2013

2 Introduction 3 What are Some Characteristics of Black Holes? 4 How is a Black Hole Made? How Does it Stay Active? 6 Sources 8 Where Do Black Holes Get Their Power? 9 Sources 11 How Do Scientist Find Black Holes? 12 Sources 14

3 Introduction What spins and swirls like a top, consuming everything in the Universe that is unlucky enough to get in its path? Nothing, not even light, can escape its power. These intriguing, revolving objects are Black Holes. Black Holes are not science fiction; they are one of the true mysteries of the Universe. Jump into space and float through the pages of this book.

4 What are Some Characteristics of Black Holes? by Casey Black holes are mysteriously interesting, and scientists have been studying them for over 40 years! We now know that a black hole is formed by a star that burns out but keeps its gravity and matter. That matter turns into a black hole. Black holes are massive and dark. They appear as a deadly dent in space. We also know that a black hole moves by spinning. It spins on angular momentum, which means it is on an angle getting faster as it spins. Part of the mystery

5 surrounding a black hole is its deadly force. This extreme gravitational force pulls objects into its center, like a whirlpool. As the object gets closer to the center of the black hole, it shrinks and shrinks like a trash compactor destroying a bus,until it no longer exists! Its force can even absorb gas from a star! As technology improves, we continue to learn more about these mysterious places in space.

6 How is a Black Hole Made? How Does it Stay Active? by Andreas Astronomers believe that a deadly, destructive black hole is formed by a dead star. This dead star runs out of its powerful fuel. Without its powerful fuel, the star will explode, creating a supernova. The star then loses its heat, and the leftover matter from the exploding star often forms a black hole. Gravity crushes the matter into a dense mass, like a trash compactor. A black hole will stay active as long as it eats nearby matter. The black hole gets its matter like a whirlpool, using a swirling and sucking motion. Astronomers are still studying black holes to continue to find information on how a black hole

7 are made and stay active.

8 Sources Quasars, Pulsars,and Black Holes by Isaac Asimow Black Holes by Heather Couper The Mysterious Universe by Ellen Jackson Black Holes by Paul P. Sipiera Black Holes

9 Where Do Black Holes Get Their Power? by Piper Did you know that black holes are places in the universe that have extremely strong pull from gravity? A black hole has intense gravity that comes from its core; it is formed by a dying star. When the star gets older and runs out of fuel, heat stops pushing out of it, but gravity keeps pulling in. This forms a black hole. Even though the star s fuel is gone, it still has a lot of energy in the form of gravitational energy. A black hole can be a master of disguise, by pulling in gases from a regular star to make itself look like a star. If you are unlucky enough to enter into a black hole s event horizon, then good luck getting out! A

10 black hole is so dense and powerful that no matter, not even light, can escape its powerful gravitational pull. A black hole works similar to a vacuum cleaner. When you vacuum under your bed, no crumbs can escape the vacuum s pull. The gravitational force from the black hole is so intense that it slows time down! While black holes may seem mysterious, understanding the science of their gravitational pull can help us learn the facts behind their power.

11 Sources Black Holes by Paul P. Sipiera A Black Hole Is NOT a Hole by Carolyn Cinami DeCristofano Quasars,Pulsars,and Black Holes by Isaac Asimov Black Holes by Martha E.H. Rusturd

12 How Do Scientist Find Black Holes? by: Jonathan Black holes are invisible, so scientists must find them using several different methods. One way scientists can identify a black hole is by using special telescopes that turn the black hole s invisible energy into color-coded pictures. Also by using strong x-rays, scientists can find a black hole by looking for a pattern where matter swirls around nothing. A third way scientists use to discover a black hole is the slight movement of a nearby star. The intense gravity of a black hole may cause its neighbor to move

13 slightly, and scientists can measure that star s wobbling. Gamma ray bursts by supernova, which make a black hole, can also serve as evidence of a black hole. In the case of a massive black hole located in the middle of a large galaxy, scientists can measure the speed and orbits of other stars in the center of the galaxy. As technology improves, astronomers have more methods to find the mysterious black hole.

14 Sources The mysterious Universe by Ellen Jackson Black Holes by Heather Couper and Nigal Henbest A Black Hole Is NOT A Hole by Carolyn Cinami Decristofano