Evaluation of lower/middle tropospheric ozone from air quality models using TES and ozonesondes

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1 Evaluation of lower/middle tropospheric ozone from air quality models using TES and ozonesondes Greg Osterman, Jessica Neu, Annmarie Eldering, Jeff McQueen, Youhua Tang, Rob Pinder Air Quality Applied Sciences Team 3 rd Meeting June 13, , California Institute of Technology, Government Sponsorship Acknowledged

2 Investigators Annmarie Eldering (PI, JPL), Jessica Neu (JPL) Greg Osterman (JPL) Jeff McQueen, Youhua Tang (NOAA/NWS) Rob Pinder (EPA) 2

Project Objectives Evaluation of ozone, carbon monoxide and other key fields from the EPA CMAQ and NOAA National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC) in the middle/lower troposphere using

3 Project Objectives Evaluation of ozone, carbon monoxide and other key fields from the EPA CMAQ and NOAA National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC) in the middle/lower troposphere using satellite data Characterize nighttime ozone aloft using satellite data and ozonesondes Evaluate the ability of the air quality models to capture nighttime ozone aloft and possible relationship to air quality events Case Studies: Analyze a set of air quality events and determine if there is a relationship to nighttime ozone aloft 3

4 Data and Models Models: NAQFC Forecast EPA CMAQ Time Periods July/August 2006, 2008, 2009 Evaluation Data Sets: Satellite data from TES (O3, CO, TATM, H2O), and OMI (O3, NO2) Ozonesondes Surface monitors 4

5 TES on EOS-Aura Launched TES Measures in Nadir Mode (~01:30 AM/PM Local Time): Ozone Carbon Monoxide Water Vapor and HDO Ammonia Methane and Carbon Dioxide Surface Temperature (Sea Surface Temperature) 5

6 TES Nadir Coverage TES Footprint 5 x 8 km Global Survey footprints 180 km apart Step & Stare footprints 45 km apart Special observation Transect footprints 12 km apart Special observation 6

7 TES Observations Aug 28-29,

8 Profile Comparison: Daytime on Aug 29, 2006 Huntsville, AL 8

9 TES vs EPA CMAQ O3 Aug 28-29,

10 TES Observations Aug 16-17,

11 TES O3 Observations Aug 16-17,

12 EPA CMAQ Curtains Aug 16-17,

13 CMAQ, TES Difference: Aug 16-17,

14 PDFs TES, CMAQ matches are nearest in time, latitude and longitude Model interpolated to TES pressure grid and observation operator (averaging kernel) is applied Only TES data that passes the master quality flag is used Pressure < 160 hpa Diagonal of averaging kernel >

15 TES, NOAA/NWS AQ Forecast Comparisons Forecast model using forecast meteorology Older, static boundary conditions Will repeat using more recent dates 15

16 TES, EPA CMAQ Comparisons 16

17 CMAQ-TES Difference Aug 2006 Model is low compared to TES Most TES obs between hpa 17

18 CMAQ-TES Difference vs Latitude 18

Different Latitudes - Agreement is better between 30-40

19 Different Latitudes - Agreement is better between N - Sensitivity at lower pressure levels between 30-40N 19

20 Clean vs Polluted Cases - Agreement better in polluted cases 20

21 Polluted vs Pressure 21

22 Nighttime - Most observations in the middle troposphere - Still see bias between model and TES, but lower at peak TES sensitivity 22

23 Status & Next Steps Status: Initial set of CMAQ, TES and sonde comparisons have been completed Developed method of visualizing the comparisons Completed preliminary evaluation of aggregated model results using TES for August 2006 Next Steps: Continue comparison of August 2006 model results to ozonesondes Incorporate surface monitor data into comparisons Repeat analysis for other seasons, years Focus on nighttime ozone comparisons and identify case study opportunities 23

24 Extra

25 TES O3 Observations Aug 28-29,

26 EPA CMAQ Curtains Aug 28-29,

27 CMAQ, TES Difference: Aug 28-29,

28 28

29 TES

30 TES on EOS-Aura Launched

31 Air Quality Model Evaluation using TES

32 Elevated CO and O3 over SE Texas observed from TES on Aug 23, 2006 TES O3 TES CO TES resolves peaks in middle and lower tropospheric O3 and CO over East Texas Used to identify high ozone in middle troposphere Assimilated (along with OMI and MLS data) into RAQMS 32

33 AIRS & TES CO August 23,

34 Aug 23,

35 Aug 23,

36 TES Step & Stare

37 TES Step & Stare Surface Ozone near Longview - Aug 23, Ozone (ppb) Surface Monitor CMAQ Latitude 37

38 TES Step & Stare Ozone Profile near Longview, TX - Aug 23, Pressure (hpa) CMAQ CMAQ (TES AK) TES Ozone (ppm) 38

39 TES Step & Stare

40 TES Step & Stare Surface Ozone near Beaumont- Aug 23, Ozone (ppb) Surface Monitor CMAQ Latitude 40

41 TES Step & Stare Ozone Profile near Beaumont, TX - Aug 23, Pressure (hpa) CMAQ CMAQ (TES AK) TES Ozone (ppm) 41

42 TES Step & Stare Ozone over the Gulf of Mexico, TX - Aug 23, Pressure (hpa) CMAQ CMAQ (TES AK) TES Ozone (ppm) 42

43 Ozone at Max TES Sensitivity - Aug 23, Ozone (ppb) TES CMAQ Latitude Pressure of Max TES Sensitivity - Aug 23, 2006 Pressure (hpa) TES CMAQ Latitude 43

44 TES Observations of Nighttime Ozone

45 Measurement Sensitivity Day Night 45

46 TES Observations of Nighttime Ozone June 2009 Transect Special Observations 46

47 TES Observations of Nighttime Ozone 47

48 Wrap Up Just getting started Model outputs received July and August 2006 from EPA and NOAA/NWS Beginning day time comparisons with TES and ozonesondes Systematic comparisons to models (daytime and nighttime) Select nighttime case studies First phase of INTEX-B (Feb-Mar 2006) SHARP campaign (Spring 2009) Global Surveys Use of TES+ OMI retrievals? Acknowledgements Aura 2010 Project Investigators Dejian Fu and Entire TES team Thank you! 48

49 Extra

50 TES Observations of Nighttime Ozone O3 in the Houston area on the morning of 50 June 7 was in the range of

51 Model Evaluation using TES Tropospheric O3 Looked at mean of TES profiles for July in three areas: Northern CA/NV and Southern Oregon Southern CA Desert Pacific off CA Coast 51

52 Model Evaluation using TES Tropospheric O3 Must take into account vertical sensitivity of TES measurements when comparing profiles to the model 52

53 Evaluation: Ocean TES Step & Stare observation July 18, 2006 TES data used with models can provide information on transport of data across the Pacific 53

54 Ocean 54

55 Ocean TES shows lower tropospheric ozone than the model in the lower troposphere (5-15 ppb) Good comparison in the upper troposphere 55

56 Evaluation: Northern California TES shows reasonable comparison with model throughout the troposphere Surface monitor data higher than CMAQ for month at Lassen and Yreka 56

57 Evaluation: Southern California Desert TES shows higher tropospheric ozone than the model in the lower troposphere (15-20 ppb) Good comparison in the upper troposphere Surface monitor data higher than CMAQ for month at Death Valley, Palm Springs and Joshua Tree 57

58 Evaluation of CAMx Ozone in Free Troposphere Preliminary Result CAMx model higher than TES in lower troposphere 58

59 New: TES + OMI 59

60 Measurement Sensitivity 60

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