Humidity 3D field comparisons between GNSS tomography, IASI satellite observations and ALARO model. Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy BIRA 3
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1 Oral Presentation, EGU0-85 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière contact: Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium Géosciences Montpellier University of Liège GNSS meteorology gives Integrated Water Vapour contents (IWV) - Continuously - For any weather conditions Using slant IWV, can allow to resolve the spatial structure and temporal behaviour of tropospheric water vapour Limitation due to network geometry, initial conditions and accuracy of slant IWV (not treated in this study) To try to answer the following question: How can we improve resolution for a better detection of tropospheric humidity structures which contribute in the initiation associated to a deep convection? use of GNSS horizontal gradients to improve resolution We will focus on GNSS observations (post-processing with a time resolution of 5 minutes), using Belgian Dense Network (baseline from 5 to 0 km ) Comparison and use of radiosonde and IASI observations, and ALARO model of D humidity fields /9
2 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Pouring rain of the 5th-7th August 00 Depression so-called Yvette coming from Germany /9
3 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Pouring rain of the 5th-7th August 00 Storm of the 8th August 0 Depression so-called Yvette coming from Germany Flood event in Brussels Storm at Belgium's Pukkelpop music festival kills five after stage collapses /9
4 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Pouring rain of the 5th-7th August 00 Storm of the 8th August 0 Depression so-called Yvette coming from Germany Flood event in Brussels Storm at Belgium's Pukkelpop music festival kills five after stage collapses /9
5 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Pouring rain of the 5th-7th August 00 IWV from ZTD, Pground and Tground Bevis et al (99) Vedel et al. (00) 5/9
6 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Pouring rain of the 5th-7th August 00 IWV from ZTD, Pground and Tground Bevis et al (99) Vedel et al. (00) IASI Pixel diameter of about km 6/9
7 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière ALARO model resolution of km IASI Pixel diameter of about km 7/9
8 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière GNSS IWV Brussels 8/0
9 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière - Linear inverse problem Retrievals of SIWV d data G geometrical matrix m model solution CD covariance operator data - Mixed invert problem (under- and over-determined) m0 apriori model CM covariance operator apriori model - Tomographic software (Champollion, 009) SIWV = IWV *mf + *Wet Gradients *mf (+ residuals) With mf from Niell mapping function (Neill, 996) and use of gradient mapping function (Chen and Herring, 997) -> input data for the tomography 9/9
10 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Cell dimensions: -> Horizontal: 0. width (~ 0 km) -> Vertical resolution: 500 m from 0 to 0000 m -> CD = 0% CM = 90% Test of initial conditions: standard atmosphere 0/9
11 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Cell dimensions: -> Horizontal: 0. width (~ 0 km) -> Vertical resolution: 500 m from 0 to 0000 m -> CD = 0% CM = 90% Test of initial conditions: standard atmosphere based on radiosonde Radiosonde Brussels /9
12 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Cell dimensions: -> Horizontal: 0. width (~ 0 km) -> Vertical resolution: 500 m from 0 to 0000 m -> CD = 0% CM = 90% Test of initial conditions: atmosphere based on ALARO model /9
13 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière - Linear inverse problem Retrievals of SIWV d data G geometrical matrix m model solution CD covariance operator data - Mixed invert problem (under- and over determined) m0 apriori model CM covariance operator apriori model Use of gradients to improve to geometrical resolution of our tomographic software (Champollion, 009) SIWV = IWV *mf + *Wet Gradients *mf (+ residuals) With mf from Niell mapping function (Neill, 996) and use of gradient mapping function (Chen and Herring, 997) -> input data for the tomography /9
14 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Cell dimensions: -> Horizontal: 0. width (~ 0 km) -> Vertical resolution: 500 m from 0 to 0000 m -> CD = 0% CM = 90% Test of initial conditions: atmosphere based on ALARO model /9
15 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Cell dimensions: -> Horizontal: 0. width (~ 0 km) -> Vertical resolution: 500 m from 0 to 0000 m -> CD = 0% CM = 90% Test of initial conditions: atmosphere based on ALARO model + gradient Brussels 5/9
16 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Initial conditions (a priori) SIWV Vortex adjusted by GNSS tomo. (%) Mean bias (kg/m²) IWVapriori IWVGNSS Mean bias (kg/m²) IWVtomo IWVGNSS Standard atmosphere classic.6 % (6.5 %) -.5 (-.) -. (-9.7) Radiosonde classic.6 % (6.5 %) -7.6 (-5.5) -6.7 (-.9) ALARO classic.6 % (6.5 %). (.6).9 (.) ALARO gradients 0.6 % (76.5 %). (.6).0 (.) Test of initial conditions: atmosphere based on ALARO model + gradient 6/9
17 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Storm of the 8th August 0 7/9
18 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière Conclusions: D field of IWV improved GNSS gradients Comparison of IWV from IASI, ALARO and GNSS for several events and special interest of GNSS for nowcasting Sensitivity of tomography to initial conditions Gradient observations and positive impact on geometrical matrix and water vapour density adjusted by using initial conditions from NWP & interest for nowcasting 8/9
19 Humidity D field comparisons between, H. Brenot, C. Champollion, A. Deckmyn, R. van Malderen, N. Kumps, R. Warnant, E. Goudenhoofdt, L. Delobbe and M. De Mazière : Improvement of the resolution of our water vapour retrievals - Increase horizontal resolution - Use of a Kalman filter to improve geometrical resolution - Use of special covariance operator Operational IWV observations for the Belgian Dense Network and tomography retrievals for nowcasting References Bevis, M., S. Businger, T. A. Herring, C. Rocken, R. A. Anthes, and R. H. Ware, GPS meteorology: Remote sensing of atmospheric water vapor using the Global Positioning System, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 5,787 5,80, 99. Champollion C., Flamant C., Bock O., Masson F., Turner D.D., Weckwerth T. Mesoscale GPS tomography applied to the June 00 convective initiation event of IHOP_00. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 5, 60, pp 65-66, 009. Chen, G. and T.A. Herring, Effects of atmospheric azimuthal asymmetry on the analysis of space geodetic data. J. Geophys. Res., 0, B9, 0,89-0,50, 997. Niell, A.E., Global mapping functions for the atmosphere delay at radio wavelengths, J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 0, No. B, 7-6, 996. Vedel, H., K.S. Mogensen and X.-Y. Huang, Calculation of zenith delays from meteorological data, comparison of NWP model, radiosonde and GPS delays. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 6A, pp 97-50, 00. Walpersdorf, A., E. Calais, J. Haase, L. Eymard, M. Desbois and H. Vedel. Atmospheric gradients estimated by GPS compared to a high resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part A: Solid Earth and Geodesy, Vol. 6 () pp. 7-5, 00. 9/9
20 D imaging of the heterogeneity: Inversion on real data () Cell dimensions: -> Horizontal: 0. width (~ 0 km) -> Vertical: 500 m up to 000 m Data sampling: -> Observation span of 5 min -> observation Data reconstruction: SIWV = IWV *mf + *Wet Gradients *mf + residuals
21 D imaging of the heterogeneity: GPS treatment. Positioning strategy : -> dual band GPS receivers, cut-off: 7, rate: 0 s -> 0 fiducial stations, IGS final orbits, h session -> Repeatability:. mm N,.7 mm E, 0.0 mm U. Tropospheric strategy : -> Sliding windows h, central hours kept -> Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) / 5 min -> Gradient / 5 min (software: GAMIT/GLOBK 0.)
22 D imaging of the heterogeneity: Inversion on real data () SIWV measurement errors: -> Formal error from GAMIT -> % error on (calculated from 7 local radios-sounding) -> STD (not bias) for the Niell mapping function (Rocken, 000) A priori model: -> Standard Atmosphere scaled with IWV measurements -> First layer initialized with ground measurements Constrains: -> Only on the first layer from ground measurements
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