LAPL(A)/PPL(A) question bank FCL.215, FCL.120 Rev_1/2016 NAVIGATION 060

Transcription

1 NAVIGATION 060 1

2 1 What is the angle of inclination of the Earth's axis to its orbital plane? 66,5 23,5 33, The meridian passing through Greenwich is known as? Main Meridian. Great Meridian. Prime Meridian. Equator. 3 A Rhumb Line is? A line on the surface of the Earth whose centre and radius are those of the Earth. A line showing True north. A regularly curved line on the Earth's surface which cuts all parallels of Latitude at the same angle. A regularly curved line on the Earth's surface which cuts all meridians at the same angle. 4 Variation is the angle between: True north and Magnetic north. Magnetic north and the aircraft's True heading. True north and the nearest line of Longitude. Magnetic north and the aircraft's Magnetic heading. 5 An isogonal is a line joining points of: Zero magnetic variation. Equal magnetic deviation. Zero magnetic deviation. Equal magnetic variation. 6 Which points on the Earth's surface determine the Earth's axis? North geographic pole and north magnetic pole. North and south geographic pole. Equator-hemisphere. North and south magnetic pole. 7 The circumference of the Earth along the Equator is: NM km km NM. 2

3 8 The Earth's diameter, when compared to the Earth' axis, is: Twice as much greater. Shorter by 42 km. The same. Longer by 43 km. 9 Which of the following statements, regarding rotation of the Earth around the Sun, is correct? The Earth: Encircles the Sun in one year. Does not circle around the Sun because it is stationary with the Sun circling around it. Encircles the Sun in one day. Encircles the Sun one time during summer and one time during winter. 10 The Earth's globe rotates: Around its axis in the direction from the west to the east. Together with the Sun in the direction from the east to the west. Around its axis in the direction from the east to the west. Around so called Sun's tropic. 11 The orbit of the Earth is: A circle around which the Sun rotates. An ellipse with the Sun at different point inside it. A circle with the Sun at the center. An ellipse with the Sun at one of the foci. 12 What is the cause of the seasons? Uneven temperatures in space. The tilt of the Earth's axis. Irregular movement of the Earth around the Sun. A shape of the Earth's orbit. 13 The shortest distance between two points on the Earth's globe is called: Rhumb line. Great circle. Lambodrome. Small circle. 14 Great Circle(s) on the Earth's surface is(are): The equator, meridians and parallels of latitude. The equator, meridians and orthodroms. The equator and meridians. The equator only. 3

4 15 The equator is the Great Circle which plane: Divides the Earth's globe into the westerly and easterly hemisphere. Divides the Earth's globe into the north and south hemisphere. Divides the Earth's globe into the east and west hemisphere. Is parallel to the Earth's axis. 16 How many Great Circles (orthodroms) can be determined on the Earth's surface? An infinite number The Great Circle on the Earth's globe is the cross-section of the Earth's surface and the plane passing through: The center of the Earth and is tilt to the Earth's axis at any angle. Any two points on the Earth's surface; the cross-section with the Earth's surface is the shortest distance between these points. The center of the Earth and is always oblique to the Earth's axis. The center of the Earth and is always rectangular to the Earth's axis. 18 Which of the following circles on the Earth's globe does not have the center at the Earth's center? Great Circle. Orthodrom. Small Circle. Equator. 19 What is the characteristic of the Rhumb Line? It is the Great Circle. It is the shortest distance between two points on the Earth's globe. It cuts meridians under constant angle. It cuts meridians under various angles. 20 Which circles, forming the graticule, are at the same time Great Circles and Rhumb Lines? Meridians and equator. Meridians only. Equator only. Parallel of latitude only. 21 The Sun travels across the sky an arc of 5 in: 30 minutes. 4 minutes. 20 minutes. 60 minutes. 4

5 22 What time is needed for the Sun's azimuth to change by 27 arc degrees? 135 minutes. 90 minutes. 30 minutes. 108 minutes. 23 The Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) is: The MidEuropean Time. The Zone Time. The Local Time. The time on the longitude 0 degrees :00 accordingly to the Finnish Summer Time is: 1200 UTC UTC UTC UTC. 25 An aircraft over Helsinki is headed exactly to the south. It is 1200 UTC. What is the Relative bearing of the Sun? Left of the aircraft's nose. May be left or right of the aircraft's nose, with regard to the season. Exactly straight-in. Right of the aircraft's nose. 26 The geographic latitude is the distance of a point on the Earth's surface from the: Equator, measured in statute miles. Equator, measured in arc degrees. Prime Meridian, measured in geographic miles. Prime Meridian, measured in arc degrees. 27 What is the latitude of a point on the Equator? 180 S S. 90 N. 5

6 28 What is the difference between the latitude of the point A and the point B, which are located on following parallels of latitude: A: 15 54' 30" N B: 10 33' 30" S 25 27' 00" ' 00" ' 00" ' 00". 29 Determine the latitude of the point B, located 240 NM north of the point A with the latitude 62 33' 00" N ' 00" N ' 00" N ' 00" N ' 00" N. 30 The distance between the parallel of latitude 10 N and the parallel of latitude 11 N, measured along the meridian, is: 111 km. 60 SM. 60 km. 111 NM. 31 For this question use appendix PPL(A) The geographical coordinates of the compulsory reporting point MINNE is? N 62 56' 48" and E ' 43". N 60 56' 48" and E ' 43". N 62 46' 48" and E ' 43". N 62 56' 48" and W ' 43". 32 For this question use appendix PPL(A) The geographical coordinates of the compulsory reporting point TERVA is? N 63 59' 33" and E ' 11". S 62 59' 33" and E ' 11". N 62 59' 33" and E ' 11". N 62 59' 33" and E ' 11". 33 For this question use appendix PPL(A) The geographical coordinates of the compulsory reporting point VASSO is? N 63 09' 28" and E ' 40". N 62 09' 28" and E ' 40". N 63 09' 28" and E ' 40". E 63 09' 28" and N ' 39". 6

7 34 For this question use appendix PPL(A) What compulsory reporting point is the most convenient to use when approaching EFVA on radial 220? TERVA MINNE KOSSU VASSO 35 For this question use appendix PPL(A) What compulsory reporting point is the most convenient to use when approaching EFVA on radial 100? TERVA KOSSU VASSO MINNE 36 For this question use appendix PPL(A) What compulsory reporting point is the most convenient to use when approaching EFVA on radial 030? MINNE KOSSU VASSO TERVA 37 The distance of 1 NM is equivalent to: The distance of one arc minute on a Meridian. Exactly the 40-thousandth part of the Earth's perimeter. The perimeter of a Polar Circle. The distance between a Meridian and the pole. 38 The distance of 1 NM equals to: 1,432 m. 1,111 m. 1,609 m. 1,852 m. 39 The formula for a quick calculation from kilometres to nautical miles is: (km x 2) - 10%. (km x 2) - 22%. (km : 2) - 10%. (km : 2) + 10%. 7

8 40 Approximately how many kilometres are in 70 nautical miles? 135 km. 145 km. 140 km. 130 km. 41 The distance of 1 statute mile is equal to: 1,852 m. 1,111 m. 1,609 m. 1,432 m. 42 How many kilometres are in 50 SM (statute miles)? Little less than 75 km. Exactly 100 km. Approximately 92 km. Approximately 80 km. 43 On a chart, 6 cm represents the distance 15 km. What is the scale of the chart? 1 : : : : The scale of the chart is 1: How many centimetres represents the distance 105km? 21.0 cm cm cm cm. 45 For this question use appendix PPL(A) What is the scale of the chart? 1 : : : : The scale of the chart is 1: How many centimetres represents the distance 54km? 36 cm. 1.8 cm. 7 cm. 18 cm. 8

9 47 The scale of the chart is 1: How many centimetres represents the distance 210km? 7cm. 63cm. 70cm. 6,3cm. 48 The scale of the chart is 1: How many centimetres represents the distance 100 NM? 31 cm cm 37 cm 49 The distance between the points ALFA and BRAVO is 107 NM. If an aircraft covers first 16 NM in 10 minutes, what time does it take to travel the entire route ALFA-BRAVO with the same groundspeed? 1 hour and 1 minute. 1 hour and 3 minutes. 1 hour and 6 minutes. 59 minutes. 50 How far will an aircraft travel with 32 gal of usable fuel with fuel consumption 7,1 gal/h at the groundspeed 108 kts? (Allow 1-hour final reserve fuel) 487 NM. 379 NM. 420 NM. 384 NM. 51 How far will an aircraft travel with 27 gal of usable fuel with fuel consumption 6,8 gal/h at the groundspeed 93 kts? (Allow 6-gallons final reserve fuel) 287 NM. 308 NM. 292 NM. 301 NM. 52 How many gallons of usable fuel should be on board of an aircraft for a distance flight of 300 NM at the groundspeed 120 kts and average fuel consumption 7,3 gal/h? (Allow 1-hour fuel reserve) gal gal gal gal. 9

10 53 A distance in meters could be converted to feet using the formula: m x 0.3. (m : 10) x 3. (m x 3) : 10. (m x 3) + 10%. 54 An altitude meters is approximately: ft ft ft ft. 55 On a chart we read the obstacle altitude 275 meters. Regarding the rule of height clearance feet over obstacles, what is the lowest altitude for overflying the obstacle? 2,230 ft. 2,130 ft. 1,230 ft. 1,900 ft. 56 Altitude ft is approximately: 1,200 m. 3,000 m. 12,000 m. 1,800 m. 57 Approximately what QNH pressure corresponds to the QFE pressure 1000 hpa on an airfield with the elevation 200 meters? 1035 hpa. 985 hpa. 990 hpa hpa. 58 What does a measuring unit knot used in aviation mean? Km/h. SM/h. NM/h. m/h. 59 The wind velocity of 10 m/sec approximately equals to: 40 kts. 20 kts. 2,5 kts. 5 kts. 10

11 60 Wind velocity 5 kts is approximately: 20 m/sec. All answers are correct. 10 km/hour. 5 statue miles/ hour. 61 A velocity 120 km/h, expressed in knots, is: 65 kts. 50 kts. 58 kts. 60 kts. 62 If a vertical speed indicator of a towing airplane shows 500 ft/min, the approximately aerotow's rate-of-climb in meters-per-second is: 3,5 m/sec. 1,5 m/sec. 2,5 m/sec. 5 m/sec. 63 What is the ground speed (GS) of an aircraft, covering in 40 minutes the distance, that represents 10.8 cm on an 1: chart? 81 kts. 100 km/h. 81 km/h. 100 mph. 64 An aircraft would cover a 120 km distance in no wind condition in 2 hours and 40 minutes, however in actual meteo conditions the flight lasted 3 hours and 5 minutes. What was the wind component along track? 16 kts tailwind. 16 km/h headwind. 6 kts tailwind. 6 km/h headwind. 65 The distance of the route from the point X to the point Y via the control point Z is 84 km. If an aircraft covers the first segment X-Z (35 km) in 50 minutes, what will be the total time of flight between the points X and Y? 45 minutes. 2 hours. 1 hour and 10 minutes. 50 minutes. 11

12 66 How far will an aircraft travel in 2 minutes and 30 seconds with a groundspeed of 98 knots? 4,08 NM. 3,35 NM. 2,55 NM. 2,45 NM kg is how many pounds? 220 lbs. 250 lbs. 180 lbs. 200 lbs pounds is how many kilograms? 41 kg. 45 kg. 52 kg. 37 kg US gallons is how many liters? 95 l. 98 l. 100 l. 105 l. 70 What is the meaning of the term "drift angle" in navigation? The difference between an angle under wind blows to the vector of an actual true air speed and a direction of an aircraft's longitudinal axis. The difference between a magnetic course and a wind direction. The difference between a direction of the true air speed of an aircraft and a desired track. The angle between an aircraft's longitudinal axis and an actual path. 71 A Wind Correction Angle is the angle difference between: Magnetic and compass heading in no wind condition. True heading and desired true course. Desired true and desired magnetic course. True and magnetic heading. 72 Which azimuth corresponds to the general direction WNW?

13 73 Which parameter is included in the reckoning of a magnetic course? Magnetic inclination. Wind correction angle. Compass deviation. Magnetic variation. 74 The angle between a direction toward geographic north and a direction toward magnetic north is called: Convergency of meridians. Inclination. Compass deviation. Variation. 75 The magnetic variation value of a given point on the Earth's surface can be obtained by: Calculating the angular difference between the meridian of a given point and the Greenwich meridian. Referring to the table of magnetic variation in the cockpit. Calculating the difference between magnetic and compass heading. Referring to the isogonic lines on aeronautical charts. 76 Lines on geographical charts joining points of equal magnetic variation, are called: Agonic lines. Izobars. Izoclinic lines. Izogonic lines. 77 Lines on geographical charts joining points of a zero magnetic variation, are called: Izogonic lines. Agonic lines. Aclinic lines. Izoclinic lines. 78 When calculating magnetic direction from a given true direction, westerly variation should be: Added. Multiplicated. Divided. Subtracted. 13

14 79 Magnetic course is calculated using the equation: True course plus/minus magnetic variation. Magnetic heading plus/minus compass deviation. True heading plus/minus magnetic variation. True course plus/minus compass deviation. 80 Magnetic heading is: True course plus/minus deviation. True heading plus/minus variation. Magnetic course plus/minus deviation. True course plus/minus variation. 81 Is it possible for a desired true track, true heading and actual true track to have the same value? No, in no case. Yes, because these values are always equal. Yes. This is possible only when flying in north or south direction. 82 To use an VHF/DF facilities for assistance in location an aircraft's position, the aircraft must have a: 4096-code transponder. VHF transmitter and receiver. VOR receiver and DME. ILS transmitter 83 An NDB normally transmits on which frequency band? 190 to 535 KHz. 400 to 1020 Hz. 962 to 1213 MHz. 200 to 415 Hz. 84 As shown by ADF A, the relative bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ): As shown by ADF B, the relative bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ):

15 86 As shown by ADF D, the relative bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ): As shown by ADF E, the relative bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ): As shown by ADF F, the relative bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ): As shown by ADF G, the relative bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ): As shown by ADF A, the magnetic bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ): If receiving ADF indication B, what magnetic heading should the aircraft be turned to fly directly to the NDB station? (see PPL(A) ): If receiving ADF indication B, what approximate magnetic heading should the aircraft be turned to intercept the 180 bearing TO the station? (see PPL(A) ):

16 93 If an ADF indicator in the cockpit corresponds to the figure C, the magnetic bearing FROM the station is (see PPL(A) ): Which of the figures corresponds to an ADF indicator of an aircraft, flying TO the station with a right crosswind? (see PPL(A) ): A. B. D. C. 95 What is the magnetic bearing FROM the station of an aircraft with an ADF indication, depicted in figure A? (see PPL(A) ): On a magnetic heading of 320 and with an ADF indication as figure H, the magnetic bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ): On a magnetic heading of 035 and with an ADF indication as figure I, the magnetic bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ): On a magnetic heading of 120 and with an ADF indication as figure J, the magnetic bearing TO the station is (see PPL(A) ):

17 99 If the magnetic bearing of an aircraft TO the station is 240, what is the magnetic heading if the ADF indicator corresponds to the figure J? (see PPL(A) ): If the magnetic bearing of an aircraft TO the station is 030, what is the magnetic heading if the ADF indicator corresponds to the figure K? (see PPL(A) ): If the magnetic bearing of an aircraft TO the station is 135, what is the magnetic heading if the ADF indicator corresponds to the figure L? (see PPL(A) ): VOR radials are: Relative bearings. Magnetic directions. True directions. Compass directions. 103 When using a VOR for navigation, station passage is indicated: By the first complete reversal of the TO-FROM indicator. When the OFF flag appears. When the first full-scale deflection of the CDI. When the TO-FROM flag begins to flicker. 104 Which situation would result in reverse sensing of a VOR receiver? Setting the OBS to a bearing that is 90 from the bearing on which the aircraft is located. Failing to change the OBS from the selected inbound course to the outbound course after passing the station. Selecting an ILS frequency in the VOR-receiver. Flying a heading that is reciprocal to the bearing selected on the OBS. 17

18 105 To track outbound on the 180 radial of a VOR station, the recommended procedure is to set the OBS to: 180 and make heading corrections away from the CDI needle. 180 and make heading corrections toward the CDI needle. 360 and make heading corrections toward the CDI needle. 360 and make heading corrections away from the CDI needle. 106 To track inbound on the 215 radial of a VOR station, the recommended procedure is to set the OBS to: 035 and make heading corrections away from the CDI needle. 215 and make heading corrections away from the CDI needle. 035 and make heading corrections toward the CDI needle. 215 and make heading corrections toward the CDI needle. 107 With a VOR/ILS receiver set to a VOR frequency, how many degrees does full deflection of a CDI to one side represent? An aircraft 60 miles from a VOR station has a CDI indication one-fifth deflection, this represents a course centerline deviation of approximately: 6 miles. 1 mile. 3 miles. 2 miles. 109 Which airplane(s) correspond(s) to the VOR indicator V? (see PPL(A) ) Airplanes 1 and 3. Airplane 2 only. Airplane 6 only. Airplanes 5 and Which airplane(s) correspond(s) to the VOR indicator X? (see PPL(A) ) Airplanes 1 and 3. Airplanes 3 and 7. Airplane 7 only. Airplanes 1 and 2. 18

19 111 Which airplane(s) correspond(s) to the VOR indicator U? (see PPL(A) ) Airplane 5 only. Airplane 2 only. Airplane 6 only. Airplanes 1 and Which presentation of a VOR indicator corresponds to airplanes 8? (see PPL(A) ) T. W. U. V. 113 Which presentation of a VOR indicator corresponds to airplanes 5 and 7? (see PPL(A) ) U and Z. V and X. W and Z. T and X. 114 Which of the following statements, regarding a DME operation, is correct? DME can only show distance to the station set as the active frequency in the receiver. The frequency of a DME receiver in the aircraft is being adjusted automatically when we set a VOR or ILS frequency. If we move the DME switch in the cockpit to HOLD, all readings are reset to zero. When flying directly above the DME facility, the pilot reads on the DME indicator in the cockpit a zero distance. 115 Which distance is displayed by a DME indicator? Slant-range distance in statute miles. The horizontal distance along ground from the aircraft to the DME station. Slant-range distance in nautical miles. The distance from the aircraft to a point at the same altitude directly above the DME ground facility. 116 What is the DME reading if an aircraft is directly over a VOR/DME station at the altitude of ft AGL? 0. 0, ,3. 19

20 117 The slant-range error of a DME is greatest at: High altitudes and high range from the facility. Low altitudes directly over the facility. High altitudes directly over the facility. Low altitudes and high range from the facility. 118 See appendix PPL(A) Altitudes and elevations are in? SFT Km Meters Feet 119 Waypoints data in a GPS database (with the exception of users waypoints) could be updated by: A pilot, however when in-flight only. A respective software house only. A Part-145 licenced maintenance facility only. A pilot on ground only, when the device is stationary. 120 A CDI deviation needle on the GPS electronic screen in the cockpit shows a deviation from the desired track in: Arc degrees. Time units. Arc degrees or distance units, depends on pilot's discretion. Distance units. 121 When working with a GPS one must know that: It is necessary to type in manually geographic coordinates of the aircraft's parking position. The device is able to determine navigational parameters relative only to those fixes, which are in a theoretical sight of view. It is necessary to type in manually geographic coordinates of the aircraft's starting point. The information of the device is purely directional and it should not be used as primary radio navigation equipment. 122 Which map datum should be selected at GPS initialization if flying in Finland? WGS84. EUROPE. NAD83. EUREF-FIN. 20

21 123 Which velocity is measured in principle by every GPS instrument? Vertical Speed. True Air Speed. Wind Speed. Ground Speed. 124 Meridians: Are parallel to each other. Creates squares with parallel of latitudes. Are either northern or southern. Are right-angled with parallel of latitudes. 125 The scale of the chart is 1: How many centimeters represents the distance 5km? 1.0 mm. 1.0 cm. 2.5 cm. 0.5 cm. 126 In Helsinki-Malmi (EFHF) runway 18 is in use, wind 210 / 20 kts. What is the crosswind component? 10 kts. 20 kts. 5 kts. 15 kts. 127 It's on Christmas Eve in Finland, what is the Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC)? True course is 055, wind 310 / 25 kts, variation 6 W and aircraft is flying with a true airspeed of 113 kts. What is the magnetic course?

22 129 True course is 040, wind 310 / 25 kts, variation 6 W and aircraft is flying with a true airspeed of 113 kts. What is the ground speed? 118 kts. 106 kts. 120 kts. 110 kts. 130 Which of the following geographic coordinates is incorrect? 23 46'S 'W 'S 'W 'N 'E 'N 'E. 131 True course is 125, wind 010 / 25 kts, true airspeed 95 kts and variation 5 E. What are the magnetic course and the ground speed? 106 and 103 kts. 096 and 83 kts. 113 and 83 kts. 096 and 103 kts. 132 A velocity 37 km/h, expressed in knots, is: 32,5 kts. 20 kts. 6,7 kts. 54 kts. 133 What is the total flight time when aircrafts ground speed is 106 kts and the distance is 216 NM. 2h 56min. 3h 24min. 2h 02min. 29min. 134 It's in the summer in Finland, what is the Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC)?

23 135 In degrees South-East is: Which of the following is incorrect? 315 = North-West. 235 = South-West. 000 = North. 360 = North. 137 Finland is located between: 50 and 60 degrees eastern longitude. 60 and 70 degrees northern latitude. 60 and 70 degrees eastern longitude. 50 and 60 degrees northern latitude. 138 How many degrees does the Earth rotate in 24 hours? A velocity 100 mph is approximately: 80 km/h. 185 km/h. 160 km/h. 120 km/h. 140 What colour represents fields on the aviation chart? Orange. White. Green. Brown. 141 Magnetic heading consists of: True course and variation. Wind correction angle and deviation. Wind correction angle and variation. True course, wind correction angle and variation. 23

24 142 What does the letter P means on the aviation chart? Prohibited Area. Parking place. Low flying area. Danger area. 143 TAS is 80 kts, the wind correction angle is +19 and headwind component is 20 kts. What is the ground speed? 62 kts. 50 kts. 56 kts. 82 kts. 144 TC 180, TAS 80 kts, wind 090 / 15 kts, variation 8 E. What is the wind correction angle? TC 260, TAS 90 kts, wind 360 / 25 kts, variation 8 E. What is the ground speed? 101 kts. 81 kts. 91 kts. 95 kts. 146 TC 120, TAS 75 kts, wind 140 / 10 kts, variation 8 E. What is the magnetic course? There is no correct answer

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