An Album of the Orbital Behavior of the Tselina-2 Satellites

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1 An Album of the Orbital Behavior of the Tselina-2 Satellites Compiled August 9, 2008 Mean altitude in this album is defined as semimajor axis (SMA) of the orbit in kilometers minus SMA is computed from the period (86400/mean motion) via the formula SMA = ( * (period^(2/3))/1000. Mean motion is extracted from the usual two-line orbital elements (TLE). Several Tselina-2 satellites, also known as ELINT-4 and Cosmos 1603 type, have displayed prolonged and repeated periods during which the semi-major axis and thus the orbital energy increases. This is believed to be due to a 14-th order resonance with the Earth's gravitational field. Apparently this resonance is an intended feature of the orbits, but the reason for it is not known maintenance of the ELINT constellation and desired coverage characteristics has been the default speculation.

2 Soviet/Russian ELINT Satellites in the Cosmos 1603/ELINT-4/Tselina-2/11F644 Family Reported mass: ~ 3,000 kg

3 Cosmos 1603 Cosmos 1603, NORAD 15333, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

4 Cosmos 1656 Cosmos 1656, NORAD 15755, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

5 Cosmos 1697 Cosmos 1697, NORAD 16181, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

6 Cosmos 1833 Cosmos 1833, NORAD 17589, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time Cosmos 1833 RB, NORAD 17590

7 Cosmos 1844 Cosmos 1844, NORAD 17973, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time Mean altitude vs time

8 Cosmos 1943 Cosmos 1943, NORAD 19119, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

9 Cosmos 1980 Cosmos 2082, NORAD 19649, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

10 Cosmos 2082 Cosmos 2082, NORAD 20624, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

11 Cosmos 2219 Cosmos 2219, NORAD 22219, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

12 Cosmos 2227 Cosmos 2227, NORAD 22284, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

13 Cosmos 2237 Cosmos 2237, NORAD 22565, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

14 Cosmos 2263 Cosmos 2263, NORAD 22802, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

15 Cosmos 2278 Cosmos 2278, NORAD 23087, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

16 Cosmos 2297 Cosmos 2297, NORAD 23404, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

17 Cosmos 2322 Cosmos 2322, NORAD 23704, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

18 Cosmos 2333 Cosmos 2333, NORAD 24297, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

19 Cosmos 2360 Cosmos 2360, NORAD 25406, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

20 Cosmos 2369 COSMOS 2369, NORAD 26069, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

21 Cosmos 2406 COSMOS 2406, NORAD 28352, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

22 Cosmos 2428 COSMOS 2428, NORAD 31792, COSPAR A Mean altitude vs time

23 Composite of all Tselina-2 orbital mean altitudes Four other satellites (NORAD 02909, 05398, 12739, 20798) shown for comparison Surcal 150 B (NORAD 02909) passing through Tselina-2 orbital height

24 Comparison Satellites Newsgroups: sci.astro From: Date: 14 Dec 93 16:50:56 PST Local: Tues, Dec :50 pm Subject: Spherical satellites For those interested in following the details of satellite orbital behavior, the following information may be useful. Over the years, several countries have launched spherical satellites, initially for space surveillance system calibration and later as geodetic aids. All of them, particularly those in lower orbits, should be good for monitoring fluctuations in atmospheric density and for 'normalizing' the behavior of other objects at similar altitudes. [snip] Below is a table of the information I've found on the satellites, giving their masses and diameters; note that different sources give slightly different values for these numbers, so don't do anything with them that requires great precision. [snip] Int'l NORAD Name/Description Diameter Mass cm kg 64063C Calsphere E Calsphere C Lincoln Calibration Sphere E Tempsat (dull black) H Calsphere 4A (white) B Calsphere H Calsphere?? 67053J Surcal 150B E LCS 4/Gridsphere A Starlette (60 corner reflectors) A Lageos (426 corner reflectors) A EGP (318 mirrors & 120 corner reflectors) C Etalon 1 (> 2000 corner reflectors) C Etalon 2 (> 2000 corner reflectors) B Lageos II (426 corner reflectors) B Stella (60 corner reflectors) 24 48

25 Calsphere 1 NORAD 00900, COSPAR C Mean Altitude vs Time Diameter: 36 cm Mass: 1 kg A/M = m^2/kg

26 CALSPHERE 2 NORAD 00902, COSPAR E Mean Altitude vs Time Diameter: 36 cm Mass: 10 kg A/M = m^2/kg

27 Calsphere 4A Calsphere 4A, NORAD 01520, COSPAR H Mean Altitude vs Time Diameter: 36 cm Mass: 2 kg A/M = m^2/kg

28 Calsphere Calsphere, NORAD 02825, COSPAR B Mean Altitude vs Time Diameter: 51 cm Mass: 2.4 kg A/M = m^2/kg

29 Calsphere Calsphere, NORAD 02874, COSPAR H Mean Altitude

30 Surcal 150 B Surcal 150B, NORAD 02909, COSPAR J Mean Altitude Diameter: 41 cm Mass: 1.5 kg A/M = m^2/kg

31 LCS 4 / Gridsphere 1 LCS 4 / Gridsphere 1, NORAD 05398, COSPAR E Mean Altitude Diameter: 113 cm Mass: 37 kg A/M = m^2/kg

32 Starlette Starlette, NORAD 07646, COSPAR A Mean Altitude Diameter: 25 cm Mass: 47 kg A/M = m^2/kg

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