AZA North American Regional Studbook For Giant Anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla

Transcription

1 1 AZA North American Regional Studbook For Giant Anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla Current through 01 March 2013 Picture taken at Reid Park Zoo- photographer unknown Stacey Belhumeur Regional Studbook Keeper Reid Park Zoo 1100 S. Randolph Way Tucson, AZ Phone: Fax:

2 2 Table of Contents Page Introduction 3 Geographic Scope of Regional Studbook 3 Taxonomy 3 Natural History 4 1. Description Anatomic peculiarities 5 3. Distribution and Habitat 5 4. Biology 5 5. Diet 5 6. Breeding Longevity and Productivity 6 Conservation Status 6 Captive Population History 6 Bibliography 7 Studbook Changes 8 Births 9-10 Transfers Deaths Studbook Disclaimer 16 Data Field Descriptions 17 Conventions 18 Historical Population Living Population Animals Held in International Holdings Location Glossary 74-77

3 3 Introduction Geographic Scope of Regional Studbook The giant anteater North American Regional Studbook documents all giant anteaters that reside or once resided in North America. This studbook only contains one species, Myrmecophaga tridactyla. Data is current through 01 March Taxonomy Species authority: Linnaeus, 1758 Class: Mammalia Superorder: Xenarthra Order: Pilosa Family: Myrmecophagidae Genus: Myrmecophaga Species: Myrmecophaga tridactyla Common Name: giant anteater Common local names for the giant anteater [Emmons, 1990] are: - Oso hormiguero, tamandua de bandera (Ecuador, Peru) - Tamandua bandiera, tamandua-acu, papa formigas (Brazil) - Ant bear (Belize) - Oso caballo (Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama) - Yuru mi, tamandua (Guarani language) - Zam hool (Mayan language) - Tamanua (Saramaca language) - Hormiguero gigante (Ecuador, Argentina, Nicaragua, and Venezuela) Previous synonyms for taxonomic classification include; Rehn (1900) used Falcifer as the genus for this species. Myrmecophaga artata (Osgood, 1912); M. centralis (Lyon, 1906); M. jubata (Linnaeus, 1758). At one point a case had been made for subspecies designation based upon certain isolated populations. Three subspecies have been described in the IUCN Red data book: M.t. tridactyla described as occurring from Venezuela and the Guianas to Peru, Paraguay, southern Brazil to northern Argentina; M. t. artata described as occurring in Colombia and western Venezuela; M. t. centralis- described as a Central American subspecies which once ranged from Belize southward along the Caribbean coast to Colombia and up the Pacific Coast to Guatemala, however, reports indicate that this subspecies may have disappeared [IUCN, 1982]. Presently there is a single taxonomic designation Myrmecophaga tridactyla [Linnaeus, 1758].

4 4 Natural History Description The Superorder Xenarthra includes 5 families, 13 genera, and 29 species [Wetzel, 1985a and 1985b; Honacki et al, 1982]. Family- Dasypodidae armadillos 8 genera 19 species Family- Bradypodidae three toed sloths 1 genera 4 species Family- Megalonychidae two toed sloths 1 genera 2 species Family Cyclopedidae silky anteaters 1 genera 1 species Family Myrmecophagidae anteaters 2 genera 3 species Xenarthra (Greek) means strange joints because their vertebral joints have extra articulations and are unlike those of any other mammal. For general purposes, Xenarthrans may be grouped as anteaters, sloths and armadillos. All but the nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novenicinctus, are restricted to the neotropics, and are found from Mexico through Central and South America. Myrmeco- means ant and phages means eater (both Greek). The species name means three (tri) fingers (dactyls). Myrmecophagidae is one of only two taxa of mammals without any teeth (Manidae comprises the other). Coloration on the giant anteater varies quite a bit, though the same general patterns are found throughout the species. The main differences within the species lie in the anteater's main hair color - some individuals are mostly brown while others are mostly grey. On all giant anteaters, a large black stripe radiates from beneath the snout out to about mid-torso. This black stripe is surrounded by a thin outline of white, light grey or light brown, which covers both front paws. Near the base of the front paws, a black ring can usually be found as well. The giant anteater s distinct color patterning may add to the camouflaging of the animal, especially in forested areas. Anteaters have elongated, tapered snouts and tubular mouths. The long tongue has minute posteriorly directed spines (filiform papillae) and is covered with a sticky secretion from the large salivary glands. The salivary glands appear to secrete only when the animal is feeding. The tongue can be extended as much as 610 mm ( 24 inches), but its diameter is only mm (1/2 inch) at the widest point, just outside the mouth [Nowak,1999].

5 Adult body weights vary between 29.5 to 63.6 kilograms (65 to 140 pounds). Captive born animals seem to be larger as adults then their wild counterparts. Normal captive birth weight is around 1100 grams plus or minus 200 grams. A normal weight drop of up to 150 grams may occur over the first two to three days before weight gain is noticed [Flint, 1997]. Anatomic peculiarities Anteaters maintain a low body temperature between C (86-95 F) [McNab, 1985]. Males have intra-abdominal testes which are found between the rectum and urinary bladder [Nowak 1999]. The relatively low body temperature probably assists in maintaining viable sperm. All Xenarthrans have double caudal vena cava that returns blood from the posterior part of the body to the heart, whereas most other mammals possess a single vessel [Nowak, 1999]. Females have a common urinary and genital duct Distribution and Habitat Early Pleistocene fossil evidence indicated a historical range for the giant anteater extending approximately 3,000 km north of their present neotropic range, to northwest Sonora Mexico [Shaw and McDonald, 1987]. Present distribution of the giant anteater is from Central America south of Belize through Brazil to north Argentina. The western extreme of the distribution is limited by the Andes mountain chain. Currently, giant anteaters are thought to be extinct in Guatemala and their presence is uncertain in Belize. Typical habitat is savannah grasslands and open forests containing sandy soil with numerous termite and ant nests. Biology Wild giant anteaters are normally solitary, except for mothers and their offspring. Giant anteaters lack a clearly defined territorial system and home ranges may overlap in areas of high population density. Individuals occupy an area of between 2 and 12 km2. [Shaw et al. 1987]. Although generally considered terrestrial, giant anteaters are capable of climbing as adults [Rummel, 1988; Shaw et al.; Wildholzer and Voss, 1978]. Giant anteaters are noted to be good swimmers. Diet Giant anteaters eat ants, termites and soft-bodied grubs. It is also noted that they will readily eat eggs, injured or dead animals and a variety of fruits. Using the long, sharp claws on their forelimbs, they open insect colonies and tree trunks. They use their tongue to collect the eggs, larvae and adult insects. The tongue is attached to the sternum and moved very quickly, flicking 150 times per minute. They only stay at one colony for a short period of time, as they are susceptible to ant bites especially around the nose, eyes and ears. Giant anteaters can eat up to 30,000 insects in a single day. Captive diets vary but typically contain a mix of high fiber pellets, domestic dog or cat chow and fruit. Specific insectivore diets are also available. Breeding During the mating season, the male anteater follows the scent of a female in estrus. He approaches the female, puts his head on her back and gently pulls her over to lie on her side. The male mounts in a squatting fashion while making pelvic thrusts. Several reports describe mutual clicking and manipulation with the claws of the forefeet while in this dorso-lateral position [Gradillas and Bongratz, 1997]. Females normally give birth to a single young after approximately 175 days gestation. The range of gestation period in literature is reported to be 142 days [Merrett, 1983] to 190 days [Asdell, 1964]. Neonates must be able to climb onto the dam from birth. By clutching long hairs along the dam s back, young are transported for up to 10 months. Neonates are capable of giving rather loud, 5

6 6 bleating alarm calls, particularly when abandoned or when under duress. Multiple births are rare but have been reported. The London Zoo had a multiple birth on 19 January The infants were supple mentally bottle fed but otherwise were cared for by their mother until they were so big only one could ride on her at a time. The North American population has recorded three multiple births. The most recent twins were born at Fresno Chaffee Zoo on June 20, Both infants were separated from their mother at birth and hand raised. One infant survived and has since been transferred to the Santa Barbara Zoo. Longevity and Productivity Giant anteaters can live for approximately 15 years in the wild and average years in captivity. The oldest male in the studbook died at approximately 28 ½ years of age while at Fresno Chaffee Zoo. The oldest female died at approximately 31 years of age while at Santa Barbara Zoo. Currently, the Phoenix Zoo has the oldest living male (#253) at approximately 24 years of age and Reid Park Zoo (Tucson) has the oldest living female (#218) at approximately 29 years of age. Births have been recorded in North American collections in every month of the year. Sexual maturity in captive born giant anteater is about four years of age. The youngest female to give birth was one year, seven months and the youngest male to sire an offspring was one year of age. The oldest female to give birth was approximately twenty-five years old and the oldest male to sire was approximately twentyseven years old. Conservation Status Pressures on wild populations have been reported to be due to hunting and traditional agricultural practices [IUCN, 1982]. They are increasingly killed in vehicle accidents and they are hunted for food, fur and sport. Biologists in Brazil indicate that wildfires, whether man-made or naturally caused, are a rampant and unpredictable threat to wild populations throughout their range [Flint, 1997]. Giant anteaters are listed in Appendix II by the Convention of International Trade of Endangered Species (CITES)- trade in the animal must be controlled. They are listed as Near Threatened [Porini, 2009] by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List- due to the knowledge of large declines in much of its range, although the actual rate is difficult to estimate. Captive Population History The historical studbook contains 583 specimens ( ). Studbook numbers (119, 165, 278, 326, 334, 472, 500, 546) have been deleted from the studbook. The living studbook contains 112 specimens ( ) currently housed in 46 institutions. The data is current through 01 March The first recorded importation of the giant anteater in North America was in The Philadelphia Zoo received their first female giant anteater on May 6, Unfortunately, many of the giant anteaters imported into North American collections faired poorly. It was not for sixty years that any giant anteaters survived beyond two years in captivity. The first recorded captive birth known to the studbook occurred at Detroit Zoo on April 12, Under the auspices of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), this species is currently identified for Species Survival Plan (SSP) status, coordinated by the Pangolin, Aardvark, and Xenarthran Taxon Advisory Group (PAX TAG).

7 7 Bibliography Asdell, S.A.; PATTERNS OF MAMMALIAN REPRODUCTION, 2 nd ed. Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1964 Emmons, L.H. NEOTROPICAL RAINFOREST MAMMALS, A FIELD GUIDE. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, Flint, M.P., North American Regional Studbook for Giant Anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla Gradillas, J.; Bongratz, K.; It s that time of the month again: Comparison of monthly giant anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla weights as a management tool. Pp in AZA WESTERN REGIONAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E., Koeppl, J.W.; Mammal species of the world: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Allen Press and the Association of Systematics Collections, IUCN Giant anteater. Pp in THE IUCN MAMMAL RED DATA BOOK, PART 1. J. Thornback and M. Jenkins, eds., Gland, Switzerland, IUCN, 1982 McNab, B.K. Energetics, population biology, and distribution of Xenarthrans. Pp , in THE EVOLUTION AND ECOLOGY OF ARMADILLOS, SLOTHS, AND VERMILINGUAS. G.G. Montgomery, ed., Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, Merrett, P.K.; EDENTATES. The zoological trust of Guernsey, Guernsey, U.K., Nowak, R. M. Walker s mammals of the world 6 th ed. Pp The Johns Hopkins University Press, Porini, G., Rylands, A., Samudio, R. & members of the Edentate Specialist Group Myrmecophaga tridactyla, In: UICN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Shaw, C.A.; McDonald, H.G. First record of giant anteater (Xenarthra, Myrmecophagidae) in North America. SCIENCE 236: , Shaw, J.H. J. Machado Neto y T.S. Carter Behavior of free living Giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). Biotropica 19: Wetzel, R.M. The identification and distribution of the recent Xenarthra (=Edentata). Pp in THE EVOLUTION AND ECOLOGY OF ARMADILLOS, SLOTHS, AND VERMILINGUAS. G.G. Montgomery, ed., Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, Widholzer, F.L.; Voss, W.A. Breeding the giant anteater Mymecophaga tridactyla at the Sao Paulo Zoo. INTERNATIONAL ZOO YEARBOOK 18: , 1979

8 8 Studbook changes since last publication (January 2010) Historical studbook specimens increased from 562 to 583 (6.12.3) Living studbook specimens increased from 102 to 113 (5.5.1) in the AZA population 18 (5.10.3) total birth events 15 (5.9.1) current living births 22 (10.12) transfers 13 (3.9.1) deaths = Total living population ( ) Please note that international studbook numbers have a leading zero. Please include the zero when recording (intstudno) numbers on specimen/taxon reports. If you would like a copy of the most current international studbook, please stacey.belhumeur@tucsonaz.gov

9 9 BIRTHS GIANT ANTEATER Studbook Restricted to: (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Locations: N.AMERICA/ Dates: 01/01/2010 <= date Event: Births Report ordered by: current/last location (alphabetic) Stud # Sex Birth Date Sire Dam Location Date Local ID Event BREVARD - Brevard Zoo, Melbourne, Florida, USA 577 M 26 Jan BREVARD 26 Jan Birth Totals: (1) BUSCH TAM - Busch Gardens, Tampa, Florida, USA 576 M 28 Jun BUSCH TAM 28 Jun Birth SAN ANTON 3 May 2012 Y12012 Transfer 579? 28 Jun BUSCH TAM 28 Jun Birth Totals: (2) CALDWELL - Caldwell Zoo, Tyler, Texas, USA 565 M 20 Sep CALDWELL 20 Sep Birth Totals: (1) FRESNO - Chaffee Zool Gardens of Fresno, Fresno, California, USA 563? 1 Aug FRESNO 1 Aug Birth 3 Aug 2010 Death 575 F 20 Jun FRESNO 20 Jun Birth S BARBARA 20 Dec Transfer 582 F 20 Jun FRESNO 20 Jun Birth 28 Jun 2011 Death Totals: (3) JACKSONVL - Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens, Jacksonville, Florida, USA 571 F 22 Feb JACKSONVL 22 Feb Birth BOISE 15 Nov Transfer Totals: (1) NASHV ZOO - Nashville Zoo At Grassmere, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 572 F 25 Apr NASHV ZOO 25 Apr Birth 574 F 26 May NASHV ZOO 26 May Birth Totals: (2) NZP-WASH - National Zool Park Smithsonian Inst, Washington, District of Columbia, USA 569 M 7 Dec NZP-WASH 7 Dec Birth NASHV ZOO 29 Mar Transfer Totals: (1) PROVIDNCE - Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence, Rhode Island, USA 564 F 23 Mar PROVIDNCE 23 Mar Birth DREHER PA 11 Oct Transfer 578 F 5 Apr PROVIDNCE 5 Apr Birth Totals: (2)

10 10 Stud # Sex Birth Date Sire Dam Location Date Local ID Event SAN FRAN - San Francisco Zoological Gardens, San Francisco, California, USA 570 M 22 Dec SAN FRAN 22 Dec Birth Totals: (1) SANTA ANA - Santa Ana Zoo, Santa Ana, California, USA 573 F 28 Apr SANTA ANA 28 Apr 2011 M11004 Birth SAN ANTON 3 May 2012 U12034 Transfer 581 F 16 Oct SANTA ANA 16 Oct 2012 M12032 Birth Totals: (2) SD-WAP - San Diego Wild Animal Park, Escondido, California, USA 566? 13 Nov SD-WAP 13 Nov Birth Totals: (1) TUCSON - Reid Park Zoo, Tucson, Arizona, USA 580 F 27 Sep TUCSON 27 Sep 2012 M12039 Birth Totals: (1) TOTALS: (18) 12 Institutions Compiled by: Stacey Belhumeur thru Reid Park Zoo Data current thru: 01 Mar 2013 North American regional Printed on 15 Mar 2013 using Sparks v1.54

11 11 TRANSFERS GIANT ANTEATER Studbook Restricted to: (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Locations: N.AMERICA/ Dates: 01/01/2010 <= date Event: Transfers Report ordered by: current/last location (alphabetic) Stud # Sex Birth Date Sire Dam Location Date Local ID Event AUDUBON - Audubon Nature Institute, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA 330 M 12 Oct PHOENIX 12 Oct Birth SAN ANTON 15 Feb 2001 F01027 Transfer AUDUBON 11 May Transfer Totals: (1) BOISE - Zoo Boise, Boise, Idaho, USA 558 M 25 Oct MANHATTAN 25 Oct Birth BOISE 25 Apr Transfer 571 F 22 Feb JACKSONVL 22 Feb Birth BOISE 15 Nov Transfer Totals: (2) BREVARD - Brevard Zoo, Melbourne, Florida, USA 357 F 1 Nov OKLAHOMA 1 Nov Birth DREHER PA 11 Nov Transfer BREVARD 9 Mar Transfer Totals: (1) BUSCH TAM - Busch Gardens, Tampa, Florida, USA 502 F 13 Sep BUSCH TAM 13 Sep Birth AZTEC ORLANDO 2 Feb 2006 GN2501 Transfer BUSCH TAM 25 Aug Transfer Totals: (1) DREHER PA - Palm Beach Zoo At Dreher Park, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA 556 F 28 Apr NASHV ZOO 28 Apr Birth DREHER PA 10 Sep Transfer 564 F 23 Mar PROVIDNCE 23 Mar Birth DREHER PA 11 Oct Transfer Totals: (2) FRANKLINP - Zoo New England / Franklin Park Zoo, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 549 M 8 Jan AUDUBON 8 Jan Birth FRANKLINP 12 Oct 2010 A10066 Transfer Totals: (1) METROZOO - Miami Metrozoo, Miami, Florida, USA 561 M 22 Dec BUSCH TAM 22 Dec Birth METROZOO 13 Oct M123 Transfer Totals: (1)

12 12 Stud # Sex Birth Date Sire Dam Location Date Local ID Event MONTGOMRY - Montgomery Zoo, Montgomery, Alabama, USA 324 F 29 Nov CALDWELL 29 Nov Birth SAN FRAN 20 Apr Transfer S BARBARA 3 Dec Transfer PHILADELP 20 May Transfer MONTGOMRY 8 May Transfer Totals: (1) NASHV ZOO - Nashville Zoo At Grassmere, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 554 M 12 Mar NZP-WASH 12 Mar Birth NASHV ZOO 28 Jan Transfer 569 M 7 Dec NZP-WASH 7 Dec Birth NASHV ZOO 29 Mar Transfer Totals: (2) PHOENIX - Phoenix Zoo, Phoenix, Arizona, USA 543 M 27 Oct SEDGWICK 27 Oct Birth PHOENIX 1 May Transfer Totals: (1) PROVIDNCE - Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence, Rhode Island, USA 512 F 6 Jan FRESNO 6 Jan Birth SOUTHBEND 2 Jun Transfer PROVIDNCE 16 Jun Transfer Totals: (1) S BARBARA - Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens, Santa Barbara, California, USA 314 F 15 May LITTLEROC 15 May Birth NASHV ZOO 6 Oct Transfer DENVER 14 Feb 2005 A05054 Transfer S BARBARA 8 Nov Transfer 2 Jan 2011 Death 575 F 20 Jun FRESNO 20 Jun Birth S BARBARA 20 Dec Transfer Totals: (2) SAN ANTON - San Antonio Zool Gardens & Aquarium, San Antonio, Texas, USA 573 F 28 Apr SANTA ANA 28 Apr 2011 M11004 Birth SAN ANTON 3 May 2012 U12034 Transfer 576 M 28 Jun BUSCH TAM 28 Jun Birth SAN ANTON 3 May 2012 Y12012 Transfer Totals: (2) SAN FRAN - San Francisco Zoological Gardens, San Francisco, California, USA 553 F 22 Feb SANDIEGOZ 22 Feb Birth SAN FRAN 4 Mar Transfer Totals: (1)

13 13 Stud # Sex Birth Date Sire Dam Location Date Local ID Event SD-WAP - San Diego Wild Animal Park, Escondido, California, USA 342 F ~ 1 Jan 2000 WILD WILD GUYANA???? NONE Capture MILLER R???? NONE Transfer NASHV ZOO 9 Jul Transfer SANDIEGOZ 1 Jul Transfer SD-WAP 25 May Transfer 378 M ~ 2000 WILD WILD PARAGUAY ~ 2000 NONE Capture NASHV ZOO 12 Dec Transfer SANDIEGOZ 1 Jul Transfer SD-WAP 25 May Transfer Totals: (2) SOUTHBEND - Potawatomi Zoo, South Bend, Indiana, USA 538 M 12 Nov AUDUBON 12 Nov Birth DREHER PA 5 Nov Transfer SOUTHBEND 19 Apr Transfer Totals: (1) TOTALS: (22) 16 Institutions Compiled by: Stacey Belhumeur thru Reid Park Zoo Data current thru: 01 Mar 2013 North American regional Printed on 15 Mar 2013 using Sparks v1.54

14 14 DEATHS GIANT ANTEATER Studbook Restricted to: (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Locations: N.AMERICA/ Dates: 01/01/2010 <= date Event: Deaths Report ordered by: current/last location (alphabetic) Stud # Sex Birth Date Sire Dam Location Date Local ID Event AUDUBON - Audubon Nature Institute, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA 310 M 18 Apr PHILADELP 18 Apr Birth COLUMBUS 29 May Transfer AUDUBON 13 Feb Transfer 1 Jan 2011 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Unknown Digestive Mechanical abnormality] Totals: (1) DREHER PA - Palm Beach Zoo At Dreher Park, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA 503 F 20 Jan DREHER PA 20 Jan Birth BREVARD 27 May Transfer DREHER PA 4 Nov Transfer 30 Jun 2010 Death [Death by: Euthanasia (medical) Unknown Unknown (after necropsy)] Totals: (1) FRESNO - Chaffee Zool Gardens of Fresno, Fresno, California, USA 209 M ~ Nov 1983 WILD WILD ECUADOR ~ 1984 NONE Capture CHICAGOBR 1 Feb Transfer FIELD MUS???? W76545 Transfer FRESNO 29 Mar Transfer 18 May 2012 Death 531 F 26 Apr FRESNO 26 Apr Birth 21 Jan 2013 Death 563? 1 Aug FRESNO 1 Aug Birth 3 Aug 2010 Death 582 F 20 Jun FRESNO 20 Jun Birth 28 Jun 2011 Death Totals: (4) MONTGOMRY - Montgomery Zoo, Montgomery, Alabama, USA 351 F 16 May SAN FRAN 16 May Birth BIRMINGHM 12 Mar Transfer MONTGOMRY 10 Sep Transfer 14 Jan 2010 Death 399 M 16 Nov FRESNO 16 Nov Birth MONTGOMRY 27 Jan Transfer 5 Jan 2010 Death 401 F 25 Dec TUCSON 25 Dec 2002 X24988 Birth MONTGOMRY 7 Apr Transfer 13 Jan 2010 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown Respiratory Mechanical abnormality] Totals: (3)

15 15 Stud # Sex Birth Date Sire Dam Location Date Local ID Event NASHV ZOO - Nashville Zoo At Grassmere, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 376 F ~ 2000 WILD WILD PARAGUAY ~ 2000 NONE Capture NASHV ZOO 12 Dec Transfer 16 Jun 2012 Death Totals: (1) PROVIDNCE - Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence, Rhode Island, USA 400 F 4 Dec JACKSONVL 4 Dec Birth PROVIDNCE 14 May Transfer 1 May 2010 Death Totals: (1) S BARBARA - Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens, Santa Barbara, California, USA 314 F 15 May LITTLEROC 15 May Birth NASHV ZOO 6 Oct Transfer DENVER 14 Feb 2005 A05054 Transfer S BARBARA 8 Nov Transfer 2 Jan 2011 Death 396 F 26 Sep PHILADELP 26 Sep Birth S BARBARA 28 May Transfer 24 Jun 2010 Death Totals: (2) TOTALS: (13) 7 Institutions Compiled by: Stacey Belhumeur thru Reid Park Zoo Data current thru: 01 Mar 2013 North American regional Printed on 15 Mar 2013 using Sparks v1.54

16 16 AZA Studbook Disclaimer Copyright March 2013 by Reid Park Zoo. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in hard copy, machine-readable or other forms without advance written permission from the Reid Park Zoo. Members of the American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) may copy this information for their own use as needed. The information contained in this studbook has been obtained from numerous sources believed to be reliable. AZA and the Reid Park Zoo make a diligent effort to provide a complete and accurate representation of the data in its reports, publications, and services. However, AZA and the Reid Park Zoo do not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information. AZA and the Reid Park Zoo make no warranties or representations of any kinds, express or implied, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability of fitness for particular purpose. AZA and the Reid Park Zoo disclaim all liability for errors or omissions that may exist and shall not be liable for any incidental, consequential, or other damages (whether resulting from negligence or otherwise) including, without limitation, exemplary damages or lost profits arising out of or in connection with the use of this publication. Because the technical information provided in the studbook can easily be misread or misinterpreted unless properly analyzed, AZA and Reid Park Zoo strongly recommend that users of this information consult with the Studbook Keeper in all matters related to data analysis and interpretation.

17 17 Data Field Descriptions The Giant Anteater Studbook uses the Single Population Animal Record Keeping System (SPARKS) program, version 1.5 Stud #: A number assigned to each animal in the studbook. Each institution should enter the studbook number into ARKS for all animals that they have or have held. Sex: M =male, m =contracepted male, F =female, f =contracepted female,? =unknown or unverified Birth Date: Wild caught animals with an unknown birth date are assigned????. Estimated birth dates are indicated using a ~ symbol in front of the year or month/year. Sire/Dam: WILD indicates that the animal was wild caught and its parents were unknown individuals. UNK indicates that the animal was captive born and its parents were unknown captive individuals. MULT indicates that the animal has more than one possible parent Location: This field documents movements of individual animals from the first location to the current or last known location. UNKNOWN indicates that the animal exists or existed but its location has not been confirmed. A complete listing of all the location abbreviations may be found under the Location Glossary section. Animals assumed wild caught but with no birth location listed were given S.America as the place of origin. Date: This field documents when the above Location moves took place.???? indicates no information was provided or available. Local ID: This is the animals assigned ISIS number at a specific location. NONE indicates no information was provided or available. The letters ltf refer to an animal that is lost to follow-up. An animal is ltf when it s final disposition is unknown. Event: Describes the purpose for moving from location to location Name: House names for individuals. The most recent name given to the animal is listed. Intl sb#: A number assigned to an animal within the international studbook. Presently, this studbook is maintained by Ilona Schappert at Zoo Dortmund, Germany.

18 18 Conventions Birth dates for wild caught animals are left as unknown unless the holding institution provided an estimated year of birth. Wild caught animals that were listed as unknown as the place of capture were given S. America (South America) as a place of origin. Date of capture for a wild animal was left as unknown, unless the exact date was provided. Studbook number 84 captive birth with no dam information provided MULT1 - multiple dams at location (San Diego Zoo) at time of birth, #456, #468 Studbook number 477 captive birth with no dam information provided MULT1- multiple dams at location (San Diego Zoo) at time of birth, #456, #468 Studbook number 359 captive birth with no dam information provided MULT2 multiple dams at location (Kansascty) at time of birth, #142, #152

19 19 HISTORICAL POPULATION North American regional Giant Anteater Studbook MYRMECOPHAGA TRIDACTYLA Compiled by: Stacey Belhumeur Reid Park Zoo 1100 S. Randolph Way Tucson, AZ 85716, USA Telephone: (520) Fax: (520) Data current as of 01 Mar 2013

20 20 GIANT ANTEATER Studbook Restricted to: (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Locations: N.AMERICA/ Dates: 01/01/1880 <= date 1 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H03 PHILADELP 6 May Transfer 22 Jun 1880 Death 2 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H04 PHILADELP 6 Jun Transfer 13 Oct 1881 Death 3 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 18 May Transfer 5 Apr 1900 Death 4 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 14 Jul Transfer 24 Jan 1908 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Given to an institution: NMNH Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy] 5????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 5 Dec Transfer 4 Nov 1908 Death 6 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture L RUHE???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 1 Dec Transfer 18 May 1916 Death 7 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture NY BRONX 2 May Transfer PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 15 May 1914 Death 8 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H05 PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 6 Mar Transfer 12 May 1917 Death 9????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture L RUHE???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 11 Jun Transfer 28 Aug 1921 Death 10 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H06 L RUHE???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 7 Jun Transfer 21 Dec 1922 Death

21 21 11 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture L RUHE???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 17 Mar Transfer 29 Oct 1922 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Given to an institution: NMNH Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy] 12????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H07 PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 17 Oct Transfer 24 Feb 1926 Death 13????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 22 Sep Transfer PUBLIC 5 May 1928 NONE ltf Transfer 14 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H08 PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 13 Jun Transfer 31 Aug 1927 Death 15????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H09 L RUHE???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 9 May Transfer 8 Jan 1930 Death 16 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 29 Apr Transfer 6 Jan 1931 Death 17 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H10 PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 3 May Transfer 10 Sep 1930 Death 18 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 30 Apr Transfer 28 Feb 1932 Death 19????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 10 May Transfer 26 May 1932 Death 20 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture JOSEPH E???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 27 May A Transfer 31 Dec 1933 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Given to an institution: NMNH Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy] 21 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture JOSEPH E???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 27 May B Transfer 17 Jan 1934 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Given to an institution: NMNH Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy]

22 22 22 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H11 PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 14 May Transfer 29 Dec 1933 Death 23????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 22 Jan Transfer 3 Dec 1935 Death 24 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture L RUHE???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 19 Jun Transfer 29 Aug 1938 Death 25? ~ Jan 1937 WILD 26 S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H13 L RUHE???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 16 Jun Transfer 27 Oct 1937 Death 26 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H12 L RUHE???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 16 Jun Transfer 1 Oct 1937 Death 27 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MEEMS???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 3 Sep Transfer 25 Apr 1941 Death 28????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture TREFELICH???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 15 Mar Transfer 3 Mar 1940 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Given to an institution: NMNH Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy] 29 F???? WILD 27 S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MEEMS???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 3 Sep Transfer 7 Apr 1941 Death 30 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H14 PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 15 May Transfer 18 Dec 1946 Death 31 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture L RUHE???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 11 Jun A Transfer CALGARY 14 Nov 1958 Transfer 2 Nov 1960 Death 32 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture L RUHE???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 11 Jun B Transfer 13 Apr 1972 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Incinerate Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy]

23 23 33????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H15 PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 1 Dec Transfer 21 Jan 1954 Death 34????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 20 Sep A Transfer BASEL 31 Mar 1952 ltf Transfer 35????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 20 Sep B Transfer 5 Jun 1952 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Unknown Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy] 36 M ~ 1951 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture TINY 0H29 L RUHE???? NONE Transfer DETROIT 2 Jul 1952 H00017 Transfer CALGARY 28 Apr 1960 Transfer 26 Nov 1966 Death 37 F ~ 1951 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MAMIE 0H30 L RUHE???? NONE Transfer DETROIT 2 Jul 1952 H00018 Transfer 1 Jun 1958 Death 38 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 29 Jun Transfer 11 Aug 1953 Death 39 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1953 NONE Capture 0H16 CLEVELAND ~ 1954 Transfer PHILADELP 14 Oct Transfer 9 Dec 1959 Death 40 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1953 NONE Capture 0H17 CLEVELAND ~ 1954 Transfer PHILADELP 14 Oct Transfer 22 Nov 1958 Death 41 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0438 ZEEHANDLR???? NONE Transfer DALLAS 15 Feb F45 Transfer 31 Dec 1959 Death 42 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture TREFFLICH???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 13 Jun Transfer 17 Dec 1956 Death 43 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0439 MAMI RARE???? NONE Transfer DALLAS 20 Jun F46 Transfer 31 Dec 1959 Death

24 24 44 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0440 TARPONSPR???? NONE Transfer DALLAS 26 Apr F47 Transfer 31 Dec 1959 Death 45 M ~ 1956 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MAMI RARE???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 2 Jul M007 Transfer ZEEHANDLR 4 Nov 1964 NONE ltf Transfer 46? ~ 1956 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MAMI RARE???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 19 Jul M008 Transfer 21 Jul 1957 Death 47 F ~ 1956 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MAMI RARE???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 19 Jul M009 Transfer 13 Sep 1964 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown Respiratory Unknown after necropsy] 48????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer NZP-WASH 30 Jul Transfer CALGARY 18 Nov 1958 Transfer 11 Dec 1958 Death 49 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture TREFFLICH???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 24 Jan Transfer 8 Dec 1963 Death 50 F ~ 1957 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture HENRIETTA 0115 CHICAGOBR 1 May Transfer PHILADELP 23 Jul Transfer 3 Jan 1984 Death [Death by: Euthanasia (medical) Rendered Digestive Viral] 51 F 20 Jun DETROIT 20 Jun 1957 H00021 Birth SNOOPER 0H33 ROCHESTER 4 Jun 1958 Transfer ~1960 +/-1yr Death 52 F ~ 1956 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture SNORKLE 0020 MAMI RARE???? Transfer DALLAS 7 Apr Transfer 28 Oct 1980 Death [Death by: Infection associated Given to an institution: Digestive Unknown after necropsy] 53 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0441 MAMI RARE???? Transfer DALLAS 7 Apr F48 Transfer 31 Dec 1961 Death 54 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MAMI RARE???? Transfer BUFFALO 29 Sep 1960 M90105 Transfer 1 Jan 1967 Death

25 25 55 F ~ 1961 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture TOLEDO 16 Jun Transfer ~ 1972 Death 56 M ~ 1962 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHIEF LONG TOLEDO 20 Jun Transfer 20 Feb 1975 Death 57 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MR. MAGOO MAMI RARE???? Transfer PHOENIX 27 Dec 1962 PR101 Transfer 1 Aug 1964 Death 58 F ~ 1962 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1963 NONE Capture PEACHES CHICAGOLP 30 Jan Transfer MILWAUKEE 26 Apr Transfer 12 Nov 1978 Death [Death by: Infection associated Given to an institution: MILP MUS Reproductive Bacterial] 59? ~ 1963 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H41 PRIVATE???? NONE Transfer FRESNO 7 Oct Transfer 11 Jan 1964 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown Respiratory Circulatory, secondary] 60 F ~ 1963 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CARMEN 0H101 CURTIS R???? NONE Transfer CINCINNAT 8 Apr 1965 M6001 Transfer NZP-WASH 28 Sep Transfer NY BRONX 9 Dec Transfer DENVER 29 Mar Transfer FERNDALE 5 Mar 1984 NONE ltf Transfer 61? ~ 1963 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1963 NONE Capture PHOENIX 1 Apr 1963 Transfer 1 May 1963 Death 62 M ~ 1963 UNK UNK UNKNOWN ~ 1963 NONE Birth 0H18 TARPONSPR???? NONE Transfer W ORANGE 5 May Transfer PHILADELP 5 Oct Transfer 27 Dec 1966 Death 63 F ~ 1963 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0112 W ORANGE???? 148 Transfer PHILADELP 5 Oct Transfer 13 Mar 1981 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown Generalized Fungal] 64 F ~ 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture ZOT 0H85 PUBLIC???? NONE Transfer CALDWELL 1 Jan Transfer 28 Apr 1980 Death [Death by: Euthanasia (medical) Mounted or Preserved: UNKNOWN Musculoskeletal Rickettsial] 65 F ~ 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHASE B???? Transfer COLO SPRG 28 Apr M015 Transfer 20 Apr 1966 Death

26 26 66 F ~ 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHASE B???? Transfer COLO SPRG 28 Apr M016 ltf Transfer 67 M ~ 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture AN DIS LI???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 5 May Transfer 12 Feb 1978 Death 68 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture BROOKSVIL???? NONE Transfer OKLAHOMA 31 May Transfer NORCO 12 Aug 1971 NONE ltf Transfer 69 M ~ 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHASE B???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 3 Jun MO17 Transfer 12 Jun 1965 Death 70 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture AMY MAGOO 0116 PET FARM???? NONE Transfer PHOENIX 20 Jun Transfer 28 Oct 1988 Death 71 F ~ Sep 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture HERMOSA???? NONE Transfer LOSANGELE 11 Mar Transfer 24 Mar 1965 Death 72 F ~ Sep 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture HERMOSA???? NONE Transfer LOSANGELE 11 Mar Transfer 3 Nov 1974 Death [Death by: Environ/Behav conditions Unknown Digestive Metabolism] 73 F ~ Dec 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHICAGOLP 13 Sep Transfer 8 Nov 1976 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Mounted or Preserved: Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy] 74 F ~ 1964 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture FEMALE A 0H95 DENVER 4 May Transfer 27 Nov 1971 Death 75 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture TARPONSPR???? NONE Transfer MILWAUKEE 22 Jun Transfer 4 Jan 1966 Death 76 M ~ 1963 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MAMI RARE???? NONE Transfer PHOENIX 7 Apr 1965 PR102 Transfer 9 Sep 1966 Death 77????? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture AN DIS LI???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 5 May Transfer 14 May 1965 Death

27 27 78 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture AN DIS LI???? NONE Transfer NY BRONX 5 May Transfer 7 Dec 1973 Death 79 M ~ 1963 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H42 PRIVATE???? NONE Transfer FRESNO 3 Jun Transfer 3 Jan 1972 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Unknown Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy] 80 M ~ Aug 1964 UNK UNK HERMOSA ~ Aug 1964 NONE Birth 0059 FRESNO 28 May Transfer 15 Sep 1979 Death [Death by: Infection associated Bury Respiratory Circulatory, secondary] 81 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture TARPONSPR???? NONE Transfer MILWAUKEE 22 Jun Transfer 31 Jan 1966 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown No necropsy planned] 82 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHASE B???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 27 Oct M018 Transfer 1 Sep 1967 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown Respiratory Unknown after necropsy] 83 M ~ 1965 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1965 NONE Capture ANNIE UNKNOWN ~ 1966 Transfer PANAEWA ~ 1970 Transfer HONOLULU 31 Jan Transfer 10 Jul 1983 Death [Death by: Infection associated Incinerate Respiratory Bacterial] 84? 16 Dec 1965 UNK MULT1 SANDIEGOZ 16 Dec Birth 16 Dec 1965 Death [Death by: Stillbirth Unknown No necropsy planned] 85 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHASE B???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 30 Jun M008 Transfer 24 Aug 1966 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown Digestive Unknown after necropsy] 86 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CLEVELAND 25 Oct 1964 NONE Transfer CALGARY 17 May Transfer 19 Jun 1973 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Unknown Digestive Unknown after necropsy] 87 M ~ 1966 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CARLOS 0023 PORTLAND???? Transfer DENVER 21 Jul Transfer 8 Aug 1983 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown Generalized Unknown after necropsy] 88 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture BLINKEN 0193 BROOKSVIL???? NONE Transfer TUCSON 1 Jan Transfer 7 Mar 1989 Death [Death by: Euthanasia (medical) Bury Generalized Mechanical abnormality]

28 28 89 F ~ 1966 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1966 NONE Capture WINKEN TUCSON ~ 1968 Transfer 27 May 1969 Death 90 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture NOD 0192 BROOKSVIL???? NONE Transfer TUCSON 1 Jan Transfer 14 Nov 1981 Death [Death by: Infection associated Bury Generalized New growths/cancer] 91 M ~ 1965 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1966 NONE Capture HERMOSA B???? NONE Transfer CALGARY 13 Apr Transfer 12 Jun 1967 Death 92 F ~ 1965 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1966 NONE Capture HERMOSA B ~ 1966 NONE Transfer CALGARY 13 Apr Transfer 2 Aug 1966 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Unknown Generalized Circulatory, secondary] 93 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHASE B???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 23 Jun M007 Transfer 27 Apr 1967 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown Respiratory Unknown after necropsy] 94 M ~ 1966 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture MATILDA 0136 ABILENE ~ Transfer SAN ANTON 18 Nov Transfer 24 Apr 1985 Death 95 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PRIVATE???? NONE Transfer BUFFALO 4 Apr 1966 M90106 Transfer 18 Aug 1969 Death [Death by: Infection associated Unknown No necropsy planned] 96? 27 Dec SANDIEGOZ 27 Dec Birth 27 Dec 1966 Death 97 F ~ 1966 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1967 NONE Capture 0226 ABILENE ~ Transfer SAN ANTON 18 Nov Transfer 19 Sep 1972 Death [Death by: Infection associated Incinerate Digestive Bacterial] 98 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHICAGOLP 1 Jan Transfer CHASE B 1 Feb 1967 NONE ltf Transfer 99 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture PET FARM???? NONE Transfer BUFFALO 29 Mar 1967 M90107 Transfer 7 Oct 1967 Death 100 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0472 CARACAS???? NONE Transfer PHILADELP 12 Oct Transfer 6 Jan 1975 Death [Death by: Old age Given to an institution: SHOEMAKER Urinary Circulatory, secondary]

29 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture ELEANOR 0072 CHASE B???? NONE Transfer HOUSTON 20 Oct Transfer BATONROUG 13 Dec 1977 M456 Transfer JACKSON 27 Jun Transfer 6 Mar 1985 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Incinerate Cardiovascular Mechanical abnormality] 102 M ~ 1968 WILD WILD GUYANA ~ 1969 NONE Capture MUFFIN 0004 FERNDALE ~ 1970 A3H345 Transfer BATONROUG 21 Jul 1970 M193 Transfer HOUSTON 15 Jul Transfer BATONROUG 13 Dec 1977 M193 Transfer 6 Feb 1984 Death 103 M ~ 1968 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture SNOZZELS BLUE RIB???? NONE Transfer CHICAGOLP 27 Aug Transfer AUCKLAND 25 Oct Transfer 21 Apr 1978 Death 104 M ~ 1968 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0H01 CHASE B???? NONE Transfer LITTLEROC 15 Jun 1970 NN004 Transfer 13 Nov 1975 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Rendered Digestive New growths/cancer] 105 F ~ 1968 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture 0089 CHASE B???? NONE Transfer LITTLEROC 1 Jan Transfer 10 Jan 1980 Death [Death by: Environ/Behav conditions Unknown Digestive Mechanical abnormality] 106 F 29 Nov TUCSON 29 Nov 1968 Birth 29 Nov 1968 Death [Death by: Injury from exhibit mate Bury Generalized Trauma] 107 M ~ 1963 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture RALPH ELSAH???? NONE Transfer ST LOUIS 1 Jun Transfer BRIDGEPRT 14 Oct Transfer 30 Dec 1976 Death 108 F ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture ALICE 0260 UNKNOWN???? NONE Transfer HOUSTON 1 Jan Transfer ST LOUIS 5 Jan Transfer 14 Mar 1976 Death [Death by: Environ/Behav conditions Incinerate Respiratory Metabolism] 109 M ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture FERNDALE???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 27 May M010 Transfer 1 Jul 1974 Death 110 F ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1969 NONE Capture COCO 0022 CHASE B???? NONE Transfer DENVER 12 Jan Transfer 23 Jan 1982 Death

30 M ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture BEAUREGARD 0092 US SEAL ~ 1969 NONE Transfer CHICAGOLP 10 Dec Transfer LOSANGELE 23 Mar Transfer NY BRONX 21 Jun Transfer LITTLEROC 26 May Transfer 25 Dec 1987 Death [Death by: Injury from exhibit mate Mounted or Preserved: Generalized Trauma] 112 F ~ 1968 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? Capture ANNIE CHASE B???? NONE Transfer CHICAGOLP 2 Apr Transfer AUCKLAND 14 May 1969 NONE Transfer 29 May 1981 Death 113 M ~ 1968 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CHASE B???? NONE Transfer CHICAGOLP 2 Apr Transfer 27 Mar 1971 Death 114 F ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture COLORADO 0194 FERNDALE???? NONE Transfer COLO SPRG 27 May Transfer DENVER 5 Nov Transfer COLO SPRG 10 Jun Transfer TUCSON 8 Apr Transfer 19 Jan 1985 Death [Death by: Infection associated Given to an institution: Generalized New growths/cancer] 115 M ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture CAESAR 0114 WILDCARGO???? NONE Transfer BUFFALO 6 Jul Transfer PHILADELP 14 Nov Transfer 4 Nov 1983 Death [Death by: Environ/Behav conditions Rendered Respiratory Unknown after necropsy] 116 F ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture WILDCARGO???? NONE Transfer BUFFALO 6 Jul Transfer 12 Sep 1978 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Given to an institution: BUFFALO MUSEUM Necropsy planned later Unknown after necropsy] 117 F ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture ZOT 0103 ABILENE ~ 1970 NONE Transfer LOUISVILL 20 Nov Transfer 11 Apr 1981 Death [Death by: Infection associated Incinerate Respiratory Viral] 118 M ~ 1968 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture BOTKIN 0104 MAMI RARE???? NONE Transfer DETROIT 20 May Transfer LOUISVILL 18 Mar Transfer HOGLE 12 Sep Transfer 8 Jun 1984 Death 120 F???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture WILDCARGO???? NONE Transfer BROWNSVIL 16 Mar Transfer 27 Apr 1971 Death [Death by: Other/Unknown Incinerate Unknown (after necropsy)]

31 F ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture WILDCARGO???? NONE Transfer BROWNSVIL 25 Mar Transfer 25 Nov 1971 Death [Death by: Infection associated Incinerate Digestive Bacterial] 122 F ~ 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture SAN JOSEX ~ 1972 Transfer BROWNSVIL 10 Dec Transfer 11 Dec 1973 Death [Death by: Environ/Behav conditions Incinerate Respiratory Trauma] 123 M ~ Nov 1969 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture ZAP PRIVATE???? NONE Transfer OKLAHOMA 3 Aug Transfer 26 Nov 1974 Death 124 M ~ Oct 1970 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture ZOT PRIVATE???? NONE Transfer OKLAHOMA 29 Apr Transfer 11 Jan 1977 Death [Death by: Infection associated Mounted or Preserved: UNKNOWN Generalized Bacterial] 125 M ~ 1970 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture BROOKSVIL???? NONE Transfer BROWNSVIL 16 Mar Transfer 3 Apr 1975 Death [Death by: Infection associated Incinerate Respiratory Viral] 126 F ~ 1970 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture WILDCARGO???? NONE Transfer BROWNSVIL 25 Mar Transfer 20 Jan 1977 Death [Death by: Infection associated Mounted or Preserved: Respiratory Bacterial] 127 F ~ 1970 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture BROWNSVIL 6 Oct Transfer 29 Jan 1979 Death [Death by: Infection associated Incinerate Hemic/Lymph Toxicity] 128 F ~ 1970 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1970 NONE Capture 0015 SAN JOSEX ~ 1972 Transfer BROWNSVIL 8 Dec Transfer 2 Nov 1980 Death [Death by: Infection associated Incinerate Urinary Bacterial] 129 F ~ 1970 WILD WILD S.AMERICA ~ 1970 NONE Capture 0014 SAN JOSEX ~ 1972 Transfer BROWNSVIL 8 Dec Transfer 18 Apr 1980 Death [Death by: Euthanasia (medical) Incinerate No necropsy planned] 130 M???? WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture SAW 0100 WILDCARGO???? NONE Transfer KANSASCTY 22 Feb Transfer LOSANGELE 3 Apr Transfer 7 Nov 1980 Death 131 M ~ 1971 WILD WILD S.AMERICA???? NONE Capture BOZO 0154 WILDCARGO???? NONE Transfer S BARBARA 28 Apr Transfer 30 Mar 1996 Death [Death by: Euthanasia (medical) Incinerate Nervous Unknown after necropsy]