Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science February Cultural heritage applications of LIF II

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science February Cultural heritage applications of LIF II"

Blaise Reynolds
5 years ago
Views:

1 08-34 Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science - 8 February 009 Cultural heritage applications of LIF II V. Raimondi Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Italy

2 Cultural heritage applications of LIF II Valentina Raimondi Nello Carrara Applied Physics Institute (CNR-IFAC) Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

3 nd case study Towards extensive fluorescence lidar imaging Parma, October 000 ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

Hyper-spectral fluorescence lidar imaging Laser spot m-rows Target n-columns Data acquisition Data processing Intensity Wavelength Data storage Data

4 Hyper-spectral fluorescence lidar imaging Laser spot m-rows Target n-columns Data acquisition Data processing Intensity Wavelength Data storage Data structure: m x n spectra Photos for reference on the target Target description Notes ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

The Baptistery of Parma (October 000) Measurements on the Baptistery Hyperspectral fluorescence imaging Excitation wavelength: 308 nm and 355 nm Output data: hyperspectral images in

5 The Baptistery of Parma (October 000) Measurements on the Baptistery Hyperspectral fluorescence imaging Excitation wavelength: 308 nm and 355 nm Output data: hyperspectral images in the nm range Distance from the target: 80 m Baptistery restored in 999 In collaboration with: ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009 UNI-Parma

The Baptistery of Parma: detection of biodeteriogens

Fluorescence peak due to Chlorophyll a Counts (a.u.) 0.8 0.6 0.

5 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Wavelength (nm) 0 0 0 00 90 0

, Applied Physics B, 76: 457-465 (003) 40 50 0 0 30 40 50 60 70

6 The Baptistery of Parma: detection of biodeteriogens Operational distance: 80 m Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Fluorescence peak due to Chlorophyll a Counts (a.u.) L-.68 L L L Wavelength (nm) Ratio Lognoli et al., Applied Physics B, 76: (003) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February In collaboration with: UNI-Parma

7 The Cathedral of Parma (October 000) Measurements on the Cathedral Hyperspectral fluorescence imaging Excitation wavelength: 308 nm and 355 nm Output data: hyperspectral images in the nm range Distance from the target: 80 m ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

The Cathedral of Parma: detection of biodeteriogens Operational distance: 80 m

8 0.6 0.4 0. J-3.7 J-56.5 J-9.38 J-9.34 J-30.

, Applied Physics B, 76: 457-465 (003) 0 30 40 50 60 60-300 0 0 30 40 50 60 0 0 30

8 The Cathedral of Parma: detection of biodeteriogens Operational distance: 80 m Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Fluorescence peak due to Chlorophyll a Counts (r.u.) J-3.7 J-56.5 J-9.38 J-9.34 J Wavelength (nm) Lognoli et al., Applied Physics B, 76: (003) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February In collaboration with: PC score UNI-Parma

, Applied Physics B, 76: 457-465 (003) 0 0 30 40 50 60 70 0 0 30 40 50 60 0 0 30 40 50 60 70 In

9 The Cathedral of Parma: detection of coatings Operational distance: 80 m Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Counts (a.u.) Wavelength (nm) Lognoli et al., Applied Physics B, 76: (003) In collaboration with: ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February Ratio UNI-Parma

10 The Cathedral of Parma (October 000) Traces of a protective coating on the main entrance (Bardiglio marble) of the Cathedral Lognoli et al., Applied Physics B, 76: (003) ICTP - Winter College e on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 Februaryr 009

The Cathedral of Parma (October 000) 5000 5 4 3 Counts (a.u.) 0000 5000 Point Point Point 3 Point 4 Point 5 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Wavelength (nm) Lognoli et al.

11 The Cathedral of Parma (October 000) Counts (a.u.) Point Point Point 3 Point 4 Point Wavelength (nm) Lognoli et al., Applied Physics B, 76: (003) Point measurements with excitation at 308 nm Spectral range: nm ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

12 3 rd case study Widening the application fields Rome, January 005 ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

13 The Colosseum the largest amphitheatre ever built in the Roman Empire. ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

14 ISSUE ISSUE 4 Soiled areas, black crusts, patinas Biodeteriogens ISSUE 3 Past conservation interventions ISSUE Travertine blocks characterisation E D J L LI H+I LII LIII K L G B+C ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

Colosseum-005 experiment Working time: 9

mobile laboratory ICTP - Winter College on

15 Colosseum-005 experiment Working time: 9 pm - 6 am Distance from the target: 8 m and 60 m Excitation wavelength: 308 nm and 355 nm LTH mobile laboratory CNR-IFAC mobile laboratory ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

Colosseum-005 experiment FLIDAR upgraded with target pointing system First field tests for map referentiation x Laser pointing system Map grid reconstruction via

16 Colosseum-005 experiment FLIDAR upgraded with target pointing system First field tests for map referentiation x Laser pointing system Map grid reconstruction via SW routine Scanning area definition x x ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

17 Colosseum-005 experiment Areas selected for the analysis with the FLIDAR system E D J L LI H+I LII LIII K L G B+C ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

18 Barup et al., SMW08 Proc., pp (008) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

00 400 600 800 000 00 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - Characterisation of blocks 00 400 600 800 000 00 400 600 Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance

4 nm Spectral window: 300-800 nm Spatial resolution: cm Spot size: cm 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Block I Block II I K J Block III 4 6 8 L Block IV 3 4 5 6 7 8 I J K 9 0.5 4 6 8 Palombi et al.

19 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - Characterisation of blocks Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m Grid: 8 x 9 pixels Spectral resolution:.4 nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: cm Spot size: cm Block I Block II I K J Block III L Block IV I J K Palombi et al., Optics ICTP Express, - Winter 6: College on Optics (008) in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009 L x Intensity integral (a.u.) Intensity (a.u.) I - Block I J - Block I K - Block II L - Block IV Wavelength (nm)

00 400 600 800 000 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - Characterisation of blocks Experimental

nm Spectral window: 400-750 nm Spatial resolution: cm x 0 cm Spot size: 5 cm 00 00 400 600 800 000

) 500 000 500 I - Block I J - Block I K - Block I L-BlockIII M - Block III Block II Block IV 0 450

20 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - Characterisation of blocks Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Distance from target: 60 m Spectral resolution:. nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: cm x 0 cm Spot size: 5 cm Block I Block III J I K L M Intensity (a.u.) I - Block I J - Block I K - Block I L-BlockIII M - Block III Block II Block IV Wavelength (nm) Palombi et al., Optics ICTP Express, - Winter 6: College on Optics (008) in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - Characterisation of blocks Area - extended Area I J L K M Integral values (a.u.) Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Distance from target: 60 m Spectral resolution:.

5 A B I II III IV A B I II III IV 0.4 0.6 0.8..4.6 Integral value

21 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - Characterisation of blocks Area - extended Area I J L K M Integral values (a.u.) Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Distance from target: 60 m Spectral resolution:. nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: cm x 0 cm Spot size: 5 cm x 0 5 Integral values (a.u.) A B I II III IV A B I II III IV Integral values (a.u.) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009 x 0 5 Palombi et al., Optics Express, 6: (008)

Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - detection of biodeteriogens 00 400 600 800 One year later Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m Grid: 9 x pixels Spectral

5 X x 0 I Y/J K Z 000 00 4 6 8 K L J I M 0 300 400 500 600 700 800 Wavelength (nm) L M 00 400 600 800 000 00 400 600 X Normalised intensity 4 3.5 3.5.5 0.

22 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - detection of biodeteriogens One year later Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m Grid: 9 x pixels Spectral resolution:.4 nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: 0 cm Spot size: cm Intensity (r.u.) X x 0 I Y/J K Z K L J I M Wavelength (nm) L M X Normalised intensity Y Wavelength (nm) Hällström et al., Journal ICTP - of Winter Cultural College Heritage on Optics (009) in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009 X Y Z Z 3 Cluster Number Intensity (r.u.) x I J K L M K spectrum Fit Wavelength (nm) x Integral (a.u.)

nm Spectral window: 400-750 nm Spot size: 4 cm Intense Chl a fluorescence Chl a fluoresce -nce No Chl

23 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE - detection of biodeteriogens Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Distance from target: 60 m Spectral resolution:. nm Spectral window: nm Spot size: 4 cm Intense Chl a fluorescence Chl a fluoresce -nce No Chl a fluorescence Hällström et al., Journal ICTP - of Winter Cultural College Heritage on Optics (009) in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE 3 - Past conservation interventions 00 400 600 800 000 Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m Grid: x 8 pixels Spectral

24 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE 3 - Past conservation interventions Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m Grid: x 8 pixels Spectral resolution:.4 nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: 6 cm Spot size: cm x Cluster number Area (a.u.) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, Palombi - et 3 al., February Optics Express, 009 6: (008)

Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE 3 - Past conservation interventions Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Distance from target: 60 m Spectral resolution:.

25 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE 3 - Past conservation interventions Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Distance from target: 60 m Spectral resolution:. nm Spectral window: nm Spot size: 4 cm A LIV A B LV Normalized Intensity B Wavelength (nm) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, Palombi - et 3 al., February Optics Express, 009 6: (008)

26 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE 4 - Soiled, weathered vs. clean areas Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m Grid: 9 x 8 pixels Spectral resolution:.4 nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: 0 cm Spot size: cm x Hällström et al., ICTP Journal - Winter of Cultural College Heritage on Optics (009) in Environmental Science, - 3 February Cluster Number Intensity integral (a.u.)

4-6.8-3.4 x0-5. 37.6 4.5.7-54.3 Scores Intensity (a.u.).5.5 0.

5 4 6 8 4 6 8 Cluster Number Intensity (a.u.) Hällström et al.

27 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE 4 - Soiled, weathered vs. clean areas Analysis of clean areas PC x x Scores Intensity (a.u.) PC PC Wavelength (nm) Analysis of soiled areas 5 cm Cluster Number Intensity (a.u.) Hällström et al., ICTP Journal - Winter of Cultural College Heritage on Optics (009) in Environmental Science, - 3 February Wavelength (nm)

nm Spectral window: 400-750 nm Spatial resolution: 7 cm x cm Spot size: 4 cm ICTP - Winter

28 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE 3 - Past conservation interventions Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 355 nm Distance from target: 60 m Spectral resolution:. nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: 7 cm x cm Spot size: 4 cm ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, Palombi - et 3 al., February Optics Express, 009 6: (008)

29 Colosseum-005 experiment +4 Mixing features: Past ISSUE E 3+43 Past conservation interventions on clean areas Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m Grid: 8 x 0 pixels Spectral resolution:.4 nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: 0 cm Spot size: cm Cleaned recently Titanium clamps (999) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

Colosseum-005 experiment +4 Mixing features: Past ISSUE E 3+43 Past conservation interventions on clean areas 4 6 8 0 4 6 8 0 5 0 5 4 6 8 0 4 6 8 0 5 0 5 3 4 6 Cluster Number 8 0 4 6

30 Colosseum-005 experiment +4 Mixing features: Past ISSUE E 3+43 Past conservation interventions on clean areas Cluster Number (a) (b) (c) (d) Intensity (a.u.) Wavelength (nm) Palombi et al., Optics Express, 6: (008) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE E 3+43 - Past conservation interventions on heavily soiled areas 00 400 600 800 000 Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m

31 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE E Past conservation interventions on heavily soiled areas Experimental parameters: Excitation wavelength: 308 nm Distance from target: 8 m Grid: x pixels Spectral resolution:.4 nm Spectral window: nm Spatial resolution: 8 cm Spot size: cm Black crusts, heavily soiled area Iron clamps (XIX century) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

32 Colosseum-005 experiment ISSUE E Past conservation interventions on heavily soiled areas (a) (b) (c) Wavelength (nm) /nm (d) Palombi et al., Optics Express, 6: (008) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

33 Last issue The latest developments (and challenges) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

34 Work in progress on SPEED of image acquisition : limited by laser pps ( Hz), data transfer (0 s) and positioning ( s) Before :.5 hr per m (0 shots, grid step: 0 cm x 0 cm) Presently: 7 min per m Future: increased spatial resolution; tradeoff with acquisition speed REFERENCE on the target : Before : - archive of photos; sketches Presently : - laser pointing system in the VIS - integrated SW for D grid reconstruction Future: - Integration with 3D mapping ENGINEERING of a commercial prototype : Joint project with private company Development of handy, dedicated instruments TECHNIQUES with lidar systems : Development of Remote LIBS and Remote Raman with the same system ( Opt. Lett. 30, 88 (005); Appl. Spectroscopy 60, 853 (006) ) ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

35 Conclusions Fluorescence lidar imaging can be regarded a powerful support to experts for the non-invasive remote diagnostics and documentation on stone cultural heritage in the outdoor Investigated issues: Remote hyperspectral imaging of extended surfaces in the outdoor for the detection and characterisation of biodeteriogens, stones and other masonry materials Focus on: Data acquisition speed, Spatial resolution, Target reference, Merging with analytical techniques ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

36 Acknowledgements CNR-ISE Dr. L. Tomaselli CNR-ICVBC Dr. P. Tiano Uni-Parma Prof. R. Chiari Sovrintendenza Archeologica di Roma Dr. C. Conti Istituto Svedese di Studi Classici, Roma - Dr. B. Santillo Frizell Reparto di Antichità Classica dei Musei Vaticani Dr. Paolo Liverani Pontificio Istituto di Archaeologia Christiana - Dr. Olof Brandt National Arts University of Bucharest, Romania Prof. I. Gomoiu, Prof. D. Mohanu ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

37 The FLIDAR & UNI-LUND groups CNR-IFAC, FLIDAR group: Dr. Giovanna Cecchi Dr. Valentina Raimondi Dr. David Lognoli Dr. Lorenzo Palombi Daniele Tirelli Massimo Trambusti Giancarlo Valmori UNI-LUND group: Prof. Sune Svanberg Dr. Petter Weibring Dr. Rasmus Grönlund Dr. Ann Johansson Prof. Kerstin Barup Dr. Jenny Hällström Dr. Gunild Eriksdotter ICTP - Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science, - 3 February 009

The nature of fire. Combustion physics 410

The nature of fire. Combustion physics 410 409 Combustion physics How a Master s project in combustion diagnostics led to a new division at the Department of Physics and together with other divisions at LTH formed the Thulin Laboratory. The nature