Structured Word Inquiry

Transcription

1 Structured Word Inquiry (Scientific Word Investigation) The Joy of Understanding Spelling Collection of SWI Peter Bowers, PhD Activities / Resources WordWorks Literacy Centre, 2018 Note: The content of this booklet is not intended to be able to stand alone. they are intended as a resource used in the context of workshops with Peter Bowers. 1

2 Spelling Out & Writing Out Word Structure Do these activities with guidance of this booklet on Spelling-out Word Structure (click here). Explore this document for more on spelling out word structure. Synthetic word sums:! 1. Mark suffixing changes on left. (See tools for suffixing conventions here and here.) 2. Spell out and write out your word structure hypothesis n the right side of the re-write arrow following the conventions in the Constructing Word Sums Booklet. Analytic word sums:! 1. Spell out your hypothesis of the structure of the given word without the scaffolding of a completed word sum with a partner. 2. Test your hypothesis (or hypotheses) by writing out the substructure on the right of the word sum. Note: To spell out the word structure in the Analytic Word Sums, you need to identify whether the starter word is a base, or if it is complex. Synthetic Word Sums Substructure!! Surface Structure spring!! spring care + ful + ly!! carefully spell + ing! cute + er! cut + er! act + ive + ity + es! busy + ness!!! busy + body!!! graph + eme + ic!!! phone + o + log + y! un + heal + th + y + ly! nate + ure + al + ly! Analytic Word Sums Surface Structure!! Substructure reach!! react!! does!! pliers!! duckling!! spilling!! rightfully!! logically!! disruptive!! assistance!! sisterhood!! bookkeeper!! Videos of teachers and students spelling out word structure with word sums and working with matrices The word sum is the basic linguistic tool for analysis of morphological word structure. See Real Spelling tutorial films on this topic here. Visit the WordWorks YouTube page for many videos illustrating and integrating spelling-out word structure into everyday instructional practice. See a Skype tutoring session with a Grade 2 student using spelling out of word structure with word sums and the matrix. 2

3 SWI Investigation to Deepen Understanding of a Unit of Study Use the 4 Questions to guide your investigation. Analyze the structure, history and meanings of rela6ves of the word <na6ons> in the phrase First Na6ons Peoples in the quotes below. "Everywhere that Europeans explored and se4led in the Americas, na:ve peoples paid a terrible cost perhaps 90 million died during that :me...indigenous peoples had no immunity to diseases...many na:ve peoples in the Americas completely died out." "North American se4lers totally disregarded the rights of Indigenous and First Na#ons peoples to their tradi:onal lands." Can you find a rela6ve elsewhere in this same text? inform your understanding of these quotes? How does your orthographic inves6ga6on inform your thinking about the ideas expressed in these quotes? 3

4 nate + ion nation 44

5 Construct a matrix from these word sums on your own paper (You may want to use sticky notes for your affixes.) Affixes needed to construct a matrix for the word sums at left Prefixes Suffixes pre- unin- -ion -al -al -ure -ity -ive -ly

6 6

7 What lessons involving morphology, phonology and/or etymology can you find from this text? Text from the book Ish by Peter H. Reynolds (See HERE) 7

8 Content-Based SWI: Choose words to investigate with the 4 questions to deepen understanding of this science content CONTENT RESEARCH Matter commonly exists on Earth in three forms: solid, liquid, and gas. These three forms are called the three states of matter. Matter is usually found in only one form at ordinary Earth temperatures. The main difference between material in the solid state, the liquid state, and the gas state is how fast its molecules are moving. As a solid, the molecules are tightly packed and cannot move very much. As a liquid, the molecules have more space and can move about more. Gas molecules are moving very fast and are even farther apart. Water is unusual because it can be readily found on Earth in all three states. Although it is obvious that water vapor (not steam which is tiny liquid drops of water suspended in air) expands from its liquid volume, it may not be as obvious, and is definitely not the expected result, that ice also expands from its liquid volume. If you have ever filled ice cube trays right to the rim, you may have noted that the resulting cubes stick up over the top of the tray. The expansion of liquid water into ice allows ice to float. This unique property of water is thought to be a factor that allows life to exist on our planet. Density is a property of matter that can be introduced by thinking in terms of the relationship between weight and volume. How can two objects that are the same size have different weights? The answer has to do with their density. An object's density is determined by comparing its mass to its volume. If you compare a rock and a cork that are the same size having equal volume, which would be heavier? The rock is, because it has more mass. Thus the rock is denser than the cork because it has more mass in the same volume. Liquids have density too. Unlike the densities of solids, which remain relatively constant, the densities of many fluids can be easily changed. Do objects float the same way in fresh water as they do in salt water? If you have the same amount of each, saltwater weighs more than fresh water. Salt water is described as being denser than fresh water. In the case of ocean water, heating, cooling, and salinity all influence density. (Taken from NASA document at this URL 8

9 Images to go with activity on next page for word sum construction in early years See how the final word can be made to look like a word with a box around it if the final suffix is cut close to the first letter placed right over the end of the paper with the base. This works whether or not the suffix replaces a final, nonsyllabic <e> or not. A different format would be needed for <y> / <i> changes or consonant doubling. 9

10 Announcing word structure with word sums before children have facility with script The words in this activity were taken from the following description of an art activity in a primary school art activity: We will make drawings of cars from our imagination that represent who we are. When we imagine something it is like making or building an image in your head. We will be the driver of our own imaginary cars! Cut these pieces so that you can see the lines of each rectangle. Cut these final suffixes close to the letter so that there is no line on the left of the rectangle. build make image + ing build ing + ing make ing + ine image ine drive + er driver er 10