UČNI NAČRT PREDMETA / COURSE SYLLABUS. Študijska smer Study field

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1 UČNI NAČRT PREDMETA / COURSE SYLLABUS Predmet: Course title: Fizika kondenzirane snovi Condensed Matter Physics Študijski program in stopnja Study programme and level Študijska smer Study field Letnik Academ ic year Semester Semester Univerzitetni študijski program 2.stopnje Fizika Second cycle academic study program Physics Fizika 1 prvi Physics 1 first Vrsta predmeta / Course type obvezni predmet/compulsory course Univerzitetna koda predmeta / University course code:??? Predavanj a Lectures Seminar Seminar Vaje Tutorial Klinične vaje work Druge oblike študija Samost. delo Individ. work ECTS Nosilec predmeta / Lecturer: Prof. dr. Janez Bonča Jeziki / Languages: Predavanja / Lectures: Slovensko/Slovene Vaje / Tutorial: Slovensko/Slovene Pogoji za vključitev v delo oz. za opravljanje študijskih obveznosti: Prerequisits:! 1

2 Vpis v letnik študija. Opravljena kolokvija iz vaj ali pisni izpit so pogoj za pristop k ustnemu izpitu. Enrollment into the program. Positive result from qoloqia (or written exam) is necessary to enter the oral exam. Vsebina: Content (Syllabus outline):! 2

3 Kemijska vez v kondeziranih snoveh: Van der Waalsova in molekulska vez. Ionska vez, Madelungova konstanta v kristalih. Kovalentna vez: izmenjalna sklopitev. Kovinka vez. Vodikova vez. Dielektrične lastnosti snovi: Polarizabilnost atomov in molekul. Notranja električna polja v izolatorjih. Clausius-Mossottijeva enačba. Mrežna nihanja v ionskih kristalih. Polaritoni.Paraelektriki, piezoelektriki in feroelektriki. Fenomenološka teorija strukturnih faznih prehodov. Magnetne lastnosti snovi: Atomske susceptibilnosti, Hundova pravila. Langevinov, van Vleckov paramagnetizem, Larmorjev diamagnetizem.curiejev zakon v kristalih. Paramagnetizem prostih elektronov. Izvor magnetne sklopitve, Heisenbergov model. Feromagnetizem. Curie-Weissov zakon. Približek povprečnega polja in fazni prehod. Kritični pojavi: magnetizacija, susceptibilnost, specifična toplota. Spinski valovi v feromagnetih. Antiferomagnetizem, ferimagnetizem. Anizotropija, domenska struktura in histereza feromagnetov. Superprevodnost: Lastnosti superprevodnikov: idealna prevodnost, Meissnerjev efekt. Enačbe Londonov, vdorna globina magnetnega polja. Termodinamske lastnosti, kondenzacijska energija. Koherenčna dolžina. Energijska vrzel. Cooperjevi pari. Mikroskopski izvor superprevodnosti. Makroskopska valovna funkcija. Kvantizacija magnetnega pretoka. Vrtinčne niti. Superprevodniki II. vrste. Josephsonovi efekti, SQUID. Mehanske lastnosti kristalov: Točkovni, linijski in ploskovni defekti. Dislokacije: robne, vijačne. Burgersov vektor. Gibljivost dislokacij. Plastične deformacije. Mehanske lastnost realnih materialov. Tekočine: parska korelacijska funkcija, strukturni faktor. Hidrodinamika. Superfluidnost. Chemical bond in solids: Van der Waals and molecular bond. Ionic bond, Madelung constant in crystals. Covalent bond: exchange interaction. Metallic binding. Hydrogen bond. Dielectric properties of matter: Polarizability of atoms and molecules. Local electric fields of insulators. Clausius_Mossotti equation. Lattice oscillations in ionic crystals. Polaritons. Paraelectrics, piezoelectrics and ferroelectris. Phenomenological theory of structural phase transitions. Magnetic properties of matter: Atomic susceptibility, Hund's rules. Langevin and Van Vleck paramagnetism, and Larmor diamagnetism. Ferromagnetism. Curie- Weiss law. Phase transition in mean field approximation. Critical phenomena: magnetisation, susceptibility, specific heat. Spin waves in ferromagnets. Antiferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism. Anisotropy, domain walls and hysterezis in ferromagnets. Superconductivity: Basic properties of superconductors: ideal conductivity, Meissner effect. London equations, penetration depth, condensation energy. Coherence length. Energy gap. Cooper pairs. Microscopic theory of superconductivity. Macroscopic wave function. Quantisation of magnetic flux. Vortex lines. Superconductors of II. kind. Josephson effect, SQUID. Mechanic properties of crystals: Point, line and surface defects. Dislocations: edge and screw dislocation. Mobility of dislocations. Plastic deformations. Mechanical properties of real materials. Liquids: par correlation function, structure factor. Superfluidity. Temeljni literatura in viri / Readings:! 3

4 C. Kittel: Introduction to Solid State Physics, (John Wiley, 1953, 2005), N. W. Ashcroft, N. D. Mermin: Solid State Physics, (Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1976), Hall, Hook: Solid State Physics, (John Wiley, 1984), M. P. Marder: Condensed Matter Physics (John Wiley, 2000). Cilji in kompetence: Osnovno razumevanje dielektričnih, magnetnih in mehanskih lastnosti kondenziranih snovi, kolektivnih urejenih stanj in faznih prehodov pri nizkih temperaturah. Objectives and competences: Basic understanding of dielectric, magnetic and mechanical properties of matter, collective ordered states and phase transitions at low temperatures. Predvideni študijski rezultati: Znanje in razumevanje Razumevanje osnovnih lastnosti kondenziranih snovi in kolektivnih pojavov ter faznih prehodov v teh snoveh. Uporaba Pridobljeno znanje omogoči osnovno razumevanje lastnosti kondenziranih snovi. Je podlaga za poglobljen študij materialov in njihove uporabe v sodobni tehnologiji. Refleksija Primer uporabe teoretičnih osnov kvantne mehanike in statistične fizike kot za obravnavo in opis lastnosti realnih snovi. Prenosljive spretnosti - niso vezane le na en predmet Prehod od teoretičnih fizikalnih predmetov k razumevanju osnovnih lastnosti kondenziranih snovi in njihove tehnološke uporabe. Intended learning outcomes: Knowledge and understanding: Understanding of basic principles of properties of condensed matter, collective phenomena and phase transitions. Application: Achieved knowledge enables basic understanding of condensed matter properties. It represents the foundation for comprehensive study of materials and their applications in modern technology. Reflection: Application of theoretical foundations of quantum mechanics and statistical physics to investigate and understand properties of real materials. Transferable skills: Transition from theoretical physical topics towards understanding of basic properties of condensed matter and its technological applications.! 4

5 Metode poučevanja in učenja: Predavanja, vaje, konzultacije Learning and teaching methods: Lectures, exercises, consultations Načini ocenjevanja: Pisni in ustni izpit. Namesto pismenega izpita lahko opravljen kolokvij iz vaj. Ocene: 1-5 (negativno), 6-10 (pozitivno) (po Statutu UL). Delež (v %) / Weight (in %) 50% 50% Assessment: Oral and written exam. Exam in problem solving can replace the written exam. Grades from 1-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive) (according to the regulations of UL) Reference nosilca / Lecturer's references:! 5

6 1. VIDMAR, Lev, BONČA, Janez, TOHYAMA, Takami, and MAEKAWA, Sadamichi, Quantum Dynamics of a Driven Correlated System Coupled to Phonons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, (2011). 2. MIERZEJEWSKI, Marcin, BONČA, Janez, PRELOVŠEK, Peter. Integrable Mott insulators driven by a finite electric field. Phys. Rev. Lett., 107, , (2011). 3. MIERZEJEWSKI, Marcin, VIDMAR, Lev, BONČA, Janez, PRELOVŠEK, Peter. Nonequilibrium quantum dynamics of a charge carrier doped into a Mott insulator. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, (2011). 4. VIDMAR, Lev, BONČA, Janez, MIERZEJEWSKI, Marcin, PRELOVŠEK, Peter, TRUGMAN, Stuart A. Nonequilibrium dynamics of the Holstein polaron driven by an external electric field. Phys. Rev., B 83, (2011). 5. VIDMAR, Lev, BONČA, Janez, MAEKAWA, Sadamichi, TOHYAMA, Takami. Bipolaron in the t-j model coupled to longitudinal and transverse quantum lattice vibrations. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, (2009). 6. BONČA, Janez, MAEKAWA, Sadamichi, TOHYAMA, T. Numerical approach to the low-doping regime of the t-j model. Phys. Rev. B 76, (2007).! 6