AREA WAGE SURVEY. T h e R ochester, N e w Y o rk, M etropolitan A rea, A ugust B u lle tin U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Transcription

1 AREA WAGE SURVEY T h e R ochester, N e w Y o rk, M etropolitan A rea, A ugust B u lle tin Digitized for FRASER U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

2 BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES PUERTO RICO Region I 1603-B Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass Phone: (Area Code 617) Region II 341 Ninth Ave. New York, N.Y Phone: (Area Code 212) Region III 406 Penn Square Building 1317 Filbert St. Philadelphia, Pa Phone: (Area Code 215) Region IV Suite Peachtree St. NE. Atlanta, Ga Phone: (Area Code 404) Digitized for FRASER Region V 219 South Dearborn St. Chicago, III Phone: (Area Code 312) * Regions V II and V III will be serviced by Kansas City. * Regions IX and X will be serviced by San Francisco. Region VI 337 Mayflower Building 411 North Akard St. Dallas, Tex Phone: (Area Code 214) Regions V II and V III Federal Office Building 911 Walnut St., 10th Floor Kansas City, Mo Phone: (Area Code 816) Regions IX and X 450 Golden Gate Ave. Box San Francisco, Calif Phone: (Area Code 415)

3 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR J. D. Hodgson, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner AREA WAGE SURVEY T h e R ochester, N e w Y o rk, M etropolitan A rea, A u g u st B ulletin November 1970 Digitized for FRASER For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., Price

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5 Preface The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual occupational wage surveys in metropolitan areas is designed to provide data on occupational earnings, and establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions. It yields detailed data by selected industry division for each of the areas studied, for geographic regions, and for the United States. A major consideration in the program is the need for greater insight into (l) the movement of wages by occupational category and skill level, and (2) the structure and level of wages among areas and industry divisions. At the end of each survey, an individual area bulletin presents the survey results. After completion of all of the individual area bulletins for a round of surveys, two summary bulletins are issued. The first brings data for each of the metropolitan areas studied into one bulletin. The second presents information which has been projected from individual metropolitan area data to relate to geographic regions and the United States. Ninety areas currently are included in the program. In each area, information on occupational earnings is collected annually and on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions biennially. This bulletin presents results of the survey in Rochester, N.Y., in August 1970, conducted under a contract with the New York State Department of Labor. The Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the Bureau of the Budget through January 1968, consists of Livingston, Monroe, Orleans, and Wayne Counties. This study was conducted by the Bureau's regional office in New York, N.Y., under the general direction of Thomas N. Wakin, Assistant Regional Director for Operations. Contents P age Introduction Wage trends for selected occupational grou ps T ables: 1. E stab lish m en ts and w ork ers within scope of su rvey and num ber studied 3 2. P e rcen ts of in c re ase in stan dard w eekly s a la r ie s for selected occupational groups for selected p erio d s A. O ccupational earn in gs: A -1. Office occupations m en and women 6 A -2. P ro fe ssio n a l and technical occupations m en and women 8 A -3. O ffice, p ro fessio n al, and technical occupations m en and women com bined, - 9 Appendix. O ccupational d e sc rip tio n s - 11 NOTE: Information on occupational earnings for maintenance and powerplant (table A-4), and custodial and material movement occupations (table A-5), which are usually presented for each area, were not collected in this area. Similar tabulations are available for other areas. (See inside back cover.) Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels in the Rochester area, are also available for building construction; printing; local-transit operating employees; and local truckdrivers, helpers, and allied occupations. iii

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7 This area is 1 of 90 in which the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related benefits on an areawide basis.1 This bulletin presents current occupational employment and earnings information obtained largely by mail from the establishments visited by Bureau field economists in the last previous survey for occupations reported in that earlier study. Personal visits were made to nonrespondents and to those respondents reporting unusual changes since the previous survey. In each area, data are obtained from representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (l) Office clerical; (2) professional and technical; (3) maintenance and powerplant; and (4) custodial and material movement. 2 Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and described in the appendix. The earnings data following the job titles are for all industries combined. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described, or for some industry divisions within occupations, are not presented in the A-series tables, because Introduction * Included in the 90 areas are four studies conducted under contract with the New York State Department of Labor. These areas are Binghamton (New York portion only); Rochester (office occupations only); Syracuse; and U tica Rom e. In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies in 77 areas at the request of the Wage and Hour Division of the U. S. Department of Labor. 2 Wage data for maintenance and powerplant and custodial and m aterial movement occupations were not collected in this area. either (l) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Earnings data not shown separately for industry divisions are included in all industries combined data, where shown. Likewise, data are included in the overall classification when a subclassification of secretaries or truckdrivers is not shown or information to subclassify is not available. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i.e., those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living allowances and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the standard workweek (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regular and/or premium rates). Average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. These surveys measure the level of occupational earnings in an area at a particular time. Comparisons of individual occupational averages over time may not reflect expected wage changes. The averages for individual jobs are affected by changes in wages and employment patterns. For example, proportions of workers employed by high- or low-wage firms may change or high-wage workers may advance to better jobs and be replaced by new workers at lower rates. Such shifts in employment could decrease an occupational average even though most establishments in an area increase wages during the year. Trends in earnings of occupational groups, shown in table 2, are better indicators of wage trends than individual jobs within the groups. The averages presented reflect composite, areawide estimates. Industries and establishments differ in pay level and job staffing and, thus, contribute differently to the estimates for each job. The pay relationship obtainable from the averages may fail to reflect accurately the wage spread or differential maintained among jobs in individual establishments. Similarly, differences in average pay levels for men and women in any of the selected occupations should not be assumed to reflect differences in pay treatment of the sexes within individual establishments. Other possible factors which may contribute to differences in pay for men and women include: Differences in progression within established rate ranges, since only the actual rates paid incumbents are collected; and differences in specific duties performed, although the workers are classified appropriately within the same survey job description. Job descriptions used in classifying 1

8 2 employees in these surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments and allow for minor differences among establishments in the specific duties performed. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occupational structure do not affect materially the accuracy of the earnings data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Tabulations on selected establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions (B-series tables) are not presented in this bulletin. Information for these tabulations is collected biennially. These tabulations on minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced women office workers; shift differentials; scheduled weekly hours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are presented (in the B-series tables) in previous bulletins for this area.

9 3 T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o rk e rs w ith in sc o p e o f s u rv e y an d n u m b e r stu d ied in R o c h e s te r, N.Y.,1 by m a jo r in d u s try d iv is io n / A u g u s t In d u stry d iv isio n M inim um em ploym en t in estab lish - m ents in sco p e of study Num ber of establish m en ts Within sco p e of study 3 Studied W orkers in establish m en ts Within scope of stu dy4 Num ber P ercent Studied A ll d iv isio n s , ,101 M an u fa ctu rin g , ,969 N on m an u factu rin g " , ,1 3 2 T r a n sp o r ta tio n, co m m u n icatio n, and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s , ,8 6 7 W h o lesale tra d e , , 336 R e ta il tra d e , ,7 1 3 F in an ce, in su ran ce, and real e sta te , , 349 S e r v ic e s , , The R o ch ester Standard M etropolitan S ta tistic a l A re a, a s defined by the B u reau of the Budget through Jan u ary 1968, co n sists of Livingston, M o n ro e, O r le a n s, and W ayne C o u n tie s. The "w o rk e rs w ithin sc o p e of stu d y " e s tim a te s shown in th is tab le p ro v id e a re a so n a b ly a c c u r a te d e sc rip tio n of the siz e and com position of the lab or force included in the su rv ey. The e stim ates are not intended, how ever, to se rv e as a b a sis of com parison with other em ploym ent indexes for the are a to m e asu re em ploym ent tren ds or lev els sin ce (1 ) planning of w age su rv eys req u ires the u se of e sta b lish m e n t d ata co m p iled c o n sid e ra b ly in ad v an ce of the p a y r o ll p e rio d stu d ie d, and (2 ) sm a ll e sta b lish m e n ts a r e ex clu d ed fro m the sc o p e of the su rvey. 2 The 1967 edition of the Stan dard In d u strial C lassificatio n M anual w as u sed in classify in g estab lish m en ts by in dustry division. 3 Includes a ll estab lish m en ts with total em ploym ent at or above the m inim um lim itation. A ll outlets (within the area) of com panies in such in d u str ie s a s t r a d e, fin a n c e, auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e, and m otion p ic tu re th e a te rs a r e c o n sid e re d a s 1 e sta b lish m e n t. 4 Includes a ll w ork ers in all estab lish m en ts with total em ploym ent (within the area) at or above the m inim um lim itation. 5 A b b re v ia te d to "P u b lic u t ilit ie s " in the A - s e r ie s ta b le s. E le c t r ic and g a s u t ilit ie s, the m u n icip ally owned and o p e ra te d lo c a l- tr a n s it s y ste m, tax ic a b s, and se rv ic e s incidental to w ater tran sportation w ere excluded. 6 T h is in d u stry d iv isio n is re p r e se n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m an u factu rin g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s. S e p a r a te p re se n ta tio n o f d ata fo r th is d iv isio n is not m ade fo r one o r m o re o f the follow in g r e a s o n s : (1 ) E m p loy m en t in the d iv isio n is too sm a ll to p ro v id e enough d ata to m e r it s.e p arate stu d y, (2 ) the sa m p le w as not d e sig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it se p a r a te p re se n ta tio n, (3 ) re sp o n se w as in su ffic ie n t o r in ad equate to p e r m it se p a r a t e p r e se n ta tio n, and (4 ) th e re is p o s s ib ility o f d is c lo s u r e of in d ivid u al e sta b lish m e n t d ata. 7 H otels and m o te ls ; la u n d rie s and oth er p e r so n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; au to m o b ile r e p a ir, r e n ta l, and p ark in g ; m otion p ic tu r e s; nonprofit m em bersh ip o rgan ization s (excluding religio u s and ch aritab le organ izatio n s); and engineering and arch itectu ral se r v ic e s. A lm o st th re e -fo u rth s o f the w o rk e rs w ithin sc o p e of the su rv e y in the R o c h e ste r a r e a w ere em ploy ed in m a n u factu rin g f ir m s. The follow in g p r e s e n ts the m a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s and sp ecific in d u stries a s a percen t of all m anufacturing: In d u stry g ro u p s Instrum en ts and related p r o d u c t s 48 E le c t r ic a l equip m en t and s u p p lie s M ac h in e ry, e x cep t e le c t r ic a l F o o d and k in d red p r o d u c t s A pparel and other textile 5 p r o d u c t s 5 S p e c ific in d u strie s Photographic equipm ent and su p p lie s 40 C om m u n ication equip m en t O ph th alm ic g o o d s 5 T h is in fo rm atio n is b a se d on e stim a te m a te r ia ls c o m p iled p r io r to a c tu a l su rv e y. P d iffer from proportion s b ased on the resu lts i o f to tal em ploy m en t d e riv e d fro m u n iv e rse o p o rtio n s in v a r io u s in d u stry d iv isio n s m ay of the su rvey as shown in table 1 above.

10 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are indexes and percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. 1 The indexes are a measure of wages at a given time, expressed as a percent of wages during the base period. Subtracting 100 from the index yields the percentage change in wages from the base period to the date of the index. The percentages of change or increase relate to wage changes between the indicated dates. Annual rates of increase, where shown, reflect the amount of increase for 12 months when the time period between surveys was other than 12 months. These computations were based on the assumption that wages increased at a constant rate between surveys. These estimates are measures of change in averages for the area; they are not intended to measure average pay changes in the establishments in the area. Method of Computing Each of the following key occupations within an occupational group was assigned a constant weight based on its proportionate employment in the occupational group: Office clerical (m en and women): Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B Cleiks, accounting, classes A and B Cleiks, file, classes A, B, and C Cleiks, order C leiks, payroll Com ptom eter operators Keypunch operators, classes A and B Office boys and girls Office clerical (m en and women) Continued Secretaries Stenographers, general Stenographers, senior Switchboard operators, classes A and B Tabulating-m achine operators, class B Typists, classes A and B Industrial nurses (m en and women): Nurses, industrial (registered) Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists Mechanics Mechanics (automotive) Painters Pipefitters Tool and die makers Unskilled plant (men): Janitors, porters, and cleaners Laborers, m aterial handling The average (mean) earnings for each occupation were multiplied by the occupational weight, and the products for all occupations in the group were totaled. The aggregates for 2 consecutive years were related by dividing the aggregate for the later year by the aggregate for the earlier year. The resultant relative, less 100 percent, 1 Indexes of earnings referred to in this standard text are published for most areas but not in Rochester because the area was not surveyed in the base year of the index series. In addition, w age trends are lim ited to office clerical and industrial nurses occupations since w age data for skilled m aintenance and unskilled plant occupations were not collected in this area. shows the percentage change. The index is the product of multiplying the base year relative (100) by the relative for the next succeeding year and continuing to multiply (compound) each year's relative by the previous year's index. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the wage trends relate to regular weekly salaries for the normal workweek, exclusive of earnings for overtime. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and include most of the numerically important jobs within each group. Limitations of Data The indexes and percentages of change, as measures of change in area averages, are influenced by: (1) general salary and wage changes, (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job, and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force resulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. It is conceivable that even though all establishments in an area gave wage increases, average wages may have declined because lower-paying establishments entered the area or expanded their work forces. Similarly, wages may have remained relatively constant, yet the averages for an area may have risen considerably because higher-paying establishments entered the area. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effect of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job included in the data. The percentages of change reflect only changes in average pay for straight-time hours. They are not influenced by changes in standard work schedules, as such, or by premium pay for overtime. Where necessary, data were adjusted to remove from the indexes and percentages of change any significant effect caused by changes in the scope of the survey. 4

11 5 Table 2. Percents of increase in standard weekly salaries for selected occupational groups in Rochester, N.Y. for selected periods A ll in d u s t r ie s M a n u fa c tu rin g P e r io d O ffic e c l e r ic al (m e n and w om en ) I n d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (m e n and w om en ) O ffic e c l e r ic al (m e n and w om en ) In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (m e n and w om en ) Ju ly 1969 to A u gu st 1970: 1 3 -m o n th i n c r e a s e ( * ) 8. 0 A n n u al r a t e o f i n c r e a s e ( * ) 7.4 J u ly 1968 to J u ly ( * ) D a ta do n ot m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a.

12 6 A. O c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s T ab le A-1. O ffic e occupations men and w om en (A v e r a g e str a ig h t-tim e w eek ly h ou rs and e a rn in gs fo r s e le cte d o ccu p a tio n s studied on an a re a b a s is by in d u stry d iv isio n, R o c h e s te r, N. Y., A ugust 1970) S e x, occ u p a tio n, and in d u stry d iv ision Number of workers Average weekly hours1 (standard) Weekly earnings 1 (standard) Meant Median ^ Middle range2 % 75 U nder $ and 75 under 80 S * N u m ber o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g str a ig h t-tim e w eek ly ea rn in gs o f i S $ t $ S t $ t $ s $ t % I $ o v e r and MEN CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A MANUFACTURING $ $ $ $ WOMEN SILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING MACHINE) BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B NONMANUFACTURING CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B MANUFACTURING CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING CLERKS, ORDER MANUFACTURING CLERKS, PAYROLL MANUFACTURING COMPTOMETER OPERATORS KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A «MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING C _ C _ C _ _ _ * _ C _ _ u _ i i _ ~ _ i i i i _ _ * * ~ See fo otn otes at end o f ta bles.

13 7 T ab le A-1. O ffice occupations men and w o m en-----continued (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Rochester, N. Y., August 1970) S ex, occu p a tio n, and in du stry d iv isio n Number of workers weekly [standard) Weekly earnings 1 (standard) M ean2 M edian2 Middle range2 Under ( 75 $ * 75 and under $ t N u m ber o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g str a ig h t-tim e w eek ly e a rn in gs o f» i $ % S ( S * $ $ t no no $ $ t % t 220 and ov e r WOMEN - CONTINUED OFFICE GIRLS MANUFACTURING $ $ $ $ " SECRETARIES MANUFACTURING PUBLIC UTILITIES SECRETARIES* CLASS A MANUFACTURING , , * C SECRETARIES, CLASS MANUFACTURING SECRETARIES, CLASS C MANUFACTURING SECRETARIES, CLASS D MANUFACTURING STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL _ * 1 1, _ ~ C ICO _ 4 _ l ~ STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR _ C _ " SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A ---- MANUFACTURING SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B _ - _ _ i i 5 4 * * i SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS- MANUFACTURING _ i TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS, GENERAL MANUFACTURING C C " * n * TYPISTS, CLASS A MANUFACTURING TYPISTS, CLASS B MANUFACTURING _ _ See footn otes at end o f tables,

14 8 T ab le A -2. Professional and technical occupations men and w om en (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, R ochester, N. Y., August 1970) Weekly earnings 1 (standard) N u m ber o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g str a ig h t-tim e w eek ly earn in gs S ex, o ccu p a tio n, and in du stry d iv ision IT Under % and _ ISO (standard) 95 under DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A MANUFACTURING $ S $ DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B MANUFACTURING DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C MANUFACTURING DRAFTSMEN-TRACERS MANUFACTURING C WOMEN NURSES, INDUSTRIAL IREGISTERED) MANUFACTURING S ee footn otes at end o f ta b les.

15 9 T a b le A -3. O ffice, professional, and technical occupations men and w om en com bined (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, R ochester, N. Y., August 1970) Average Average Average Occupation and industry division Number of Weekly Weekly (standard) (standard) Occupation and industry division Number of Weekly hours 1 (standard) Weekly (standard) Occupation and industry division Number of Weekly hours 1 (standard) Weekly earnings 1 (standard) OFFICE OCCUPATIONS BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING MACHINE) BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A MANUFACTURING BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A MANUFACTURING CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B MANUFACTURING CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B MANUFACTURING CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C MANUFACTURING CLERKS, ORDER MANUFACTURING CLERKS, PAYROLL MANUFACTURING COMPTOMETER OPERATORS KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A MANUFACTURING O O $ * o o OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B MANUFACTURING OFFICE BOYS AND GIRLS 151 SECRETARIES MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING - PUBLIC UTILITIES SECRETARIES, CLASS A MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING ---- SECRETARIES, CLASS B MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING ---- SECRETARIES, CLASS C MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING ---- SECRETARIES, CLASS D MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING ---- STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL NONMANUFACTURING STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR NONMANUFACTURING SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A MANUFACTURING SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, NONMANUFACTURING 2,117 1, , CLASS B OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED $ $ SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS MANUFACTURING o o * TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A MANUFACTURING TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B MANUFACTURING TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS, GENERAL MANUFACTURING TYPISTS, CLASS A MANUFACTURING TYPISTS, CLASS B MANUFACTURING PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A MANUFACTURING DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B MANUFACTURING DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C MANUFACTURING DRAFTSMEN-TRACERS MANUFACTURING NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) i n MANUFACTURING See fo otn otes at end o f tabl*

16 10 Footnotes 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regular and/or premium rates), and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 The mean is computed for each job by totaling the earnings of all workers and dividing by the number of workers. The median designates position half of the employees surveyed receive more than the rate shown; half receive less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by 2 rates of pay; a fourth of the workers earn less than the lower of these rates and a fourth earn more than the higher rate.

17 Appendix. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r im a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r ip t io n s f o r the B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t its fie ld s ta ff in c l a s s i f y in g in to a p p r o p r ia te o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w ho a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll t it le s an d d iff e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s fr o m e s ta b lis h m e n t to e s ta b lis h m e n t and fr o m a r e a to a r e a. T h is p e r m it s the g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a t io n a l w age r a te s r e p r e s e n tin g c o m p a r a b le jo b co n te n t. B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s is on in te r e s t a b lis h m e n t and in te r a r e a c o m p a r a b ilit y o f o c c u p a t io n a l c o n te n t, the B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r ip t io n s m a y d iff e r s ig n ific a n t ly fr o m th o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r th o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o th e r p u r p o s e s. In a p p ly in g th e s e jo b d e s c r ip t io n s, the B u r e a u 's fie ld e c o n o m is t s a r e in s tr u c te d to exclude w orking su p erv isors; a ppren tices ; lea rn ers; begin n ers ; tra in ees; and handicapped, p a rt-tim e, tem porary, and probation ary w ork ers. O F F IC E B IL L E R, M A C H IN E C L E R K, F IL E P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s, b il ls, and in v o ic e s on a m a c h in e o th e r than an o r d in a r y o r e l e c t r o - m a tic t y p e w r it e r. M a y a ls o k e e p r e c o r d s a s to b illin g s o r sh ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o th e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n ta l to b illin g o p e r a t io n s. F o r w age stu d y p u r p o s e s, b i l l e r s, m a c h in e, a r e cla s sifie d by type of m achin e, as follow s : B i lle r, m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e ). U s e s a s p e c ia l b illin g m a c h in e (M o o n H o p k in s, E llio t t F is h e r, B u r r o u g h s, e t c., w h ic h a r e c o m b in a t io n ty p in g and a d d in g m a c h in e s ) to p r e p a r e b il ls and in v o ic e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s, in te r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s, s h ip p in g m e m o r a n d u m s, e t c. U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p lic a t io n o f p r e d e t e r m in e d d is c o u n t s and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s, and e n t r y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s io n s, w h ic h m a y o r m a y n ot b e c o m p u te d on the b illin g m a c h in e, and t o t a ls w h ic h a r e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la te d b y m a c h in e. T h e o p e r a t io n u s u a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m b e r o f c a r b o n c o p ie s o f the b il l b e in g p r e p a r e d and is o fte n d on e on a fa n fo ld m a c h in e. B i ll e r, m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e ). U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (S u n d stra n d, E llio t t F is h e r, R e m in g to n R a n d, e t c., w h ic h m a y o r m a y n o t h a ve t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e cu sto m e rs' b ills as part of the accou n ts receiv a b le operation. G enerally in volves t;he sim u ltan e o u s e n t r y o f f i g u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d. T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la te s f ig u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u t e s, and u s u a lly p r in ts a u t o m a t ic a lly the d e b it o r c r e d i t b a la n c e s. D o e s n ot in v o lv e a k n o w le d g e o f b o o k k e e p in g. W o r k s f r o m u n ifo r m and standard types of sa les and cred it slip s. B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (R e m in g to n R a n d, E llio t t F is h e r, S u n d stra n d, B u r r o u g h s, N a tio n a l C a s h R e g is t e r, w ith o r w ith o u t a t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t io n s. C la s s A. K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a k n o w le d g e o f and e x p e r ie n c e in b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g p r in c ip le s, and f a m ilia r it y w ith the s t r u c t u r e o f the p a r t ic u la r a c c o u n tin g s y s t e m u s e d. D e t e r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d is t r ib u t io n o f d e b it and c r e d i t it e m s to b e u s e d in e a c h p h a se o f the w o r k. M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a t e d r e p o r t s, b a la n c e s h e e t s, and o th e r r e c o r d s b y h and. C la s s B. K e e p s a r e c o r d o f on e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t io n s o f a s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir in g little k n o w le d g e o f b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g. P h a s e s o r s e c t io n s in c lu d e a c c o u n ts p a y a b le, p a y r o ll, c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n ts (n o t in c lu d in g a s im p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r b il le r, m a c h in e ), c o s t d is t r ib u t io n, e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n, in v e n to r y c o n t r o l, e t c. M a y c h e c k o r a s s i s t in prepa ra tion of tria l balan ces and prepa re con trol sheets fo r the accounting departm ent. C L E R K, A C C O U N T IN G C la s s A. U n d er g e n e r a l d i r e c t io n o f a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n ta n t, h a s r e s p o n s ib ilit y f o r k e e p in g on e o r m o r e s e c t io n s o f a c o m p le t e s e t o f b o o k s o r r e c o r d s r e la tin g to on e p h a se o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t 's b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t io n s. W o r k in v o lv e s p o s tin g and b a la n c in g s u b s id ia r y le d g e r o r le d g e r s s u c h a s a c c o u n ts r e c e iv a b le o r a c c o u n ts p a y a b le ; e x a m in in g and c o d in g in voices or vou ch ers with p rop er accounting distribu tion ; and req u ires judgm ent and ex p e rie n c e in m a k in g p r o p e r a s s ig n a t io n s and a llo c a t io n s. M a y a s s i s t in p r e p a r in g, a d ju s tin g, and closin g journal en tries; and m ay d ire ct cla ss B accounting cle rk s. C la s s B. U n d er s u p e r v is io n, p e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e r o u tin e a c c o u n tin g o p e r a t io n s su ch a s p o s tin g s im p le jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s o r a c c o u n ts p a y a b le v o u c h e r s, e n te r in g v o u c h e r s in v o u c h e r r e g i s t e r s ; r e c o n c i li n g b an k a c c o u n ts ; and p o s tin g s u b s id ia r y le d g e r s c o n t r o lle d by gen eral led g ers, or posting sim ple cost accounting data. This job does not req u ire a know l e d g e o f a c c o u n tin g and b o o k k e e p in g p r in c ip le s bu t is fo u n d in o f f ic e s in w h ic h the m o r e ro u tin e accounting w ork is subdivided on a functional b a sis am ong sev era l w ork ers. C la s s A. In an e s t a b lis h e d filin g s y s t e m co n ta in in g a n u m b e r o f v a r ie d s u b je c t m a tte r file s, c la s sifie s and indexes file m aterial such as corresp on d en ce, rep orts, technical docu m e n t s, e t c. M a y a ls o f ile th is m a t e r ia l. M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s ty p e s in co n ju n c tio n with the file s. M ay lead a sm all group of low er lev el file cle rk s. C lass B. S orts, cod es, and file s u n cla ssified m a teria l by sim ple ( su bject m atter) headin g s o r - p a r t ly c l a s s i f ie d m a t e r ia l b y fin e r s u b h e a d in g s. P r e p a r e s s im p le r e la t e d in d e x and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s. A s r e q u e s t e d, lo c a t e s c l e a r ly id e n t ifie d m a t e r ia l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a teria l. M ay p erform related cle r ic a l tasks requ ired to m aintain and serv ice file s. C la s s C. P e r f o r m s r o u tin e filin g o f m a t e r ia l th at h a s a lr e a d y b e e n c l a s s i f ie d o r w h ic h is e a s ily c l a s s i f ie d in a s im p le s e r ia l c l a s s i f ic a t i o n s y s t e m ( e.g., a lp h a b e t ic a l, c h r o n o lo g ic a l, o r n u m e r ic a l). A s r e q u e s t e d, lo c a t e s r e a d ily a v a ila b le m a t e r ia l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a teria l ; and m ay fill out w ithdraw al ch a rge. P erform s sim ple cle rica l and m anual tasks r e quired to m aintain and serv ice file s. C L E R K, O R D E R R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s f o r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e b y m a il, p h o n e, o r p e r s o n a lly. D u tie s in v o lv e a n y c o m b in a t io n o f the f o l lo w i n g : Q u o tin g p r ic e s to c u s t o m e r s ; m a k in g out an o r d e r s h e e t lis t in g the if^ m s to m a k e up the o r d e r ; c h e c k in g p r ic e s and q u a n titie s o f it e m s on o r d e r s h e e t; and d is t r ib u t in g o r d e r s h e e ts to r e s p e c t iv e d e p a r tm e n ts to b e f i ll e d. M a y c h e c k w ith c r e d it d e p a r tm e n t t o d e t e r m in e c r e d i t ra tin g o f c u s t o m e r, a c k n o w le d g e r e c e ip t o f o r d e r s f r o m c u s t o m e r s, fo llo w up o r d e r s to s e e that th e y h a ve b e e n f i lle d, k e e p f ile o f o r d e r s r e c e iv e d, and c h e c k sh ip p in g in voices with orig in a l o rd e rs. C L E R K, P A Y R O L L C o m p u te s w a g e s o f c o m p a n y e m p lo y e e s and e n t e r s the n e c e s s a r y data on the p a y r o ll s h e e t s. D u tie s in v o lv e : C a lc u la tin g w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s b a s e d on tim e o r p r o d u c t io n r e c o r d s ; and p o s tin g c a lc u la t e d d a ta on p a y r o ll s h e e t, sh ow in g in fo r m a t io n s u c h a s w o r k e r 's n a m e, w o rk in g d a y s, t im e, r a t e, d e d u c tio n s f o r in s u r a n c e, and to ta l w a g e s d u e. M a y m a k e ou t p a y c h e c k s and a ssist paym aster in m aking up and distributing pay en velop es. M ay use a calculatin g m achin e. C O M P T O M E T E R O P E R A T O R P r im a r y d u ty is to o p e r a t e a C o m p to m e t e r to p e r f o r m m a th e m a tic a l c o m p u t a t io n s. T h is job is not to be confused with that of sta tistica l or other type of cle rk, w hich m ay involve fr e q u en t u s e o f a C o m p to m e t e r b u t, in w h ic h, u s e o f th is m a c h in e is in c id e n ta l to p e r fo r m a n c e o f o th e r d u tie s. K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R C la s s A. O p e r a te s a n u m e r ic a l a n d /o r a lp h a b e t ic a l o r c o m b in a tio n k e y p u n ch m a c h in e to t r a n s c r ib e d a ta f r o m v a r io u s s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts t o k e y p u n ch ta b u la tin g c a r d s. P e r f o r m s s a m e ta s k s a s lo w e r le v e l k e y p u n ch o p e r a t o r but, in a d d itio n, w o r k r e q u ir e s a p p lic a t io n o f c o d in g s k ills and the m a k in g o f s o m e d e t e r m in a t io n s, f o r e x a m p le, lo c a t e s on the s o u r c e d o c u m e n t the it e m s to be p u n ch e d ; e x t r a c t s in fo r m a t io n f r o m s e v e r a l d o c u m e n t s ; and s e a r c h e s f o r and in t e r p r e t s in fo r m a t io n on the d o c u m e n t to d e t e r m in e in fo r m a t io n to be p u n ch e d. M a y tr a in in e x p e r ie n c e d o p e r a t o r s. 11

18 12 KEYPUNCH O P E R A T O R C o n t in u e d C la s s B. U n der c l o s e s u p e r v is io n o r fo llo w in g s p e c ific p r o c e d u r e s o r in s t r u c t io n s, t r a n s c r i b e s d a ta f r o m s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s t o p u n c h e d c a r d s. O p e r a te s a n u m e r ic a l a n d /o r a lp h a b e t ic a l o r c o m b in a t i o n k e y p u n c h m a c h in e t o k e y p u n c h t a b u la t in g c a r d s. M a y v e r i f y c a r d s. W o r k in g f r o m v a r i o u s s t a n d a r d iz e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s, f o l l o w s s p e c i f i e d s e q u e n c e s w h ic h h a v e b e e n c o d e d o r p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a il a n d r e q u i r e li t t le o r n o s e l e c t i n g, c o d in g, o r in t e r p r e t in g o f d a ta t o b e p u n c h e d. P r o b l e m s a r i s i n g f r o m e r r o n e o u s i t e m s o r c o d e s, m i s s i n g in f o r m a t io n, e t c., a r e r e f e r r e d to s u p e r v is o r. S E C R E T A R Y C on t in u e d d. S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d o f a n in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y, e t c. ( o r o t h e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p l o y s, in a l l, o v e r 5, 0 00 p e r s o n s ; o r e. S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d o f a l a r g e a n d im p o r t a n t o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t ( e. g., a m id d l e m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r o f a n o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t o ft e n in v o l v i n g a s m a n y a s s e v e r a l h u n d r e d p e r s o n s ) o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s, in a l l, o v e r 2 5, p e r s o n s. C lass C O F F IC E BOY O R G IR L P e r f o r m s v a r io u s r o u t in e d u t ie s s u c h a s r u n n in g e r r a n d s, o p e r a t i n g m i n o r o f f i c e m a c h i n e s s u c h a s s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s, o p e n in g a n d d i s t r ib u t in g m a i l, a n d o t h e r m i n o r c l e r i c a l w o r k. SECRETARY A s s i g n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y, n o r m a l l y t o o n e in d iv id u a l. M a in ta in s a c l o s e a n d h ig h ly r e s p o n s i v e r e l a t i o n s h i p t o th e d a y - t o - d a y w o r k a c t i v i t i e s o f th e s u p e r v i s o r. W o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n t ly r e c e i v i n g a m in i m u m o f d e t a il e d s u p e r v i s i o n a n d g u id a n c e. P e r f o r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l a n d s e c r e t a r i a l d u t i e s, u s u a l ly in c lu d in g m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : (a ) R e c e i v e s t e le p h o n e c a l l s, p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s, a n d in c o m in g m a i l, a n s w e r s r o u t in e i n q u i r i e s, a n d r o u t e s th e t e c h n i c a l in q u i r i e s t o th e p r o p e r p e r s o n s ; (b ) e s t a b l i s h e s, m a in t a in s, a n d r e v i s e s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's f i l e s ; (c ) m a in t a in s the s u p e r v i s o r 's c a le n d a r a n d m a k e s a p p o in t m e n t s a s in s t r u c t e d ; (d ) r e l a y s m e s s a g e s f r o m s u p e r v i s o r t o s u b o r d in a t e s ; (e ) r e v i e w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e, m e m o r a n d a, a n d r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s f o r th e s u p e r v i s o r 's s ig n a t u r e t o a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l a n d t y p o g r a p h i c a c c u r a c y ; a n d (f) p e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic a n d t y p in g w o r k. M a y a ls o p e r fo r m o th e r c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r ia l ta s k s o f c o m p a r a b le n a tu re and d iffic u lt y. T h e w o r k t y p i c a l l y r e q u i r e s k n o w le d g e o f o f f i c e r o u t in e a n d u n d e r s t a n d in g o f th e o r g a n i z a t i o n, p r o g r a m s, a n d p r o c e d u r e s r e l a t e d t o th e w o r k o f th e s u p e r v i s o r. E x clu s io n s N o t a l l p o s it i o n s th a t a r e t it l e d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s th e a b o v e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s. E x a m p le s o f p o s i t i o n s w h ic h a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e d e f in i t io n a r e a s f o l l o w s : (a ) P o s i t i o n s w h ic h d o n o t m e e t the " p e r s o n a l " s e c r e t a r y c o n c e p t d e s c r i b e d a b o v e ; (b ) s t e n o g r a p h e r s n o t f u l l y t r a in e d in s e c r e t a r i a l t y p e d u t i e s ; (c ) s t e n o g r a p h e r s s e r v i n g a s o f f i c e a s s i s t a n t s t o a g r o u p o f p r o f e s s i o n a l, t e c h n i c a l, o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n s ; (d) s e c r e t a r y p o s i t i o n s in w h ic h th e d u t i e s a r e e i t h e r s u b s t a n t ia ll y m o r e r o u t in e o r s u b s t a n t ia ll y m o r e c o m p l e x a n d r e s p o n s i b l e th a n t h o s e c h a r a c t e r i z e d in th e d e f in i t io n ; a n d (e ) a s s i s t a n t t y p e p o s i t i o n s w h ic h i n v o l v e m o r e d i f f i c u l t o r m o r e r e s p o n s i b l e t e c h n i c a l, a d m in i s t r a t i v e, s u p e r v i s o r y, o r s p e c i a l i z e d c l e r i c a l d u t ie s w h ic h a r e n o t t y p i c a l o f s e c r e t a r i a l w o r k. N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r, " u s e d in th e l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s f o l l o w i n g, r e f e r s t o t h o s e o f f i c i a l s w h o h a v e a s i g n i f i c a n t c o r p o r a t e - w i d e p o l ic y m a k i n g r o l e w ith r e g a r d t o m a jo r c o m p a n y a c t i v i t i e s. T h e t it l e " v i c e p r e s i d e n t, th o u g h n o r m a l l y in d ic a t i v e o f t h is r o l e, d o e s n ot in a l l c a s e s i d e n t if y s u c h p o s i t i o n s. V i c e p r e s i d e n t s w h o s e p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y is t o a c t p e r s o n a ll y o n in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t i o n s ( e. g., a p p r o v e o r d e n y in d iv id u a l lo a n o r c r e d i t a c t i o n s ; a d m i n i s t e r in d iv id u a l t r u s t a c c o u n t s ; d i r e c t l y s u p e r v i s e a c l e r i c a l s t a ff) a r e n o t c o n s i d e r e d t o b e " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r p u r p o s e s o f a p p ly in g th e f o l l o w i n g l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s. C lass A all, a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in over 100 but fewer than 5,0 0 0 p erson s; or b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 but fewer than 25, 000 persons; or c. Secretary to the head (imm ediately below the corporate officer level) of a m ajor segment or subsidiary of a company that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 persons. C lass B all, a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in fewer than 100 p ersons; or b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5,0 0 0 person s; or c. Secretary to the head (imm ediately below the officer level) over either a m ajor corporate-w ide functional activity (e.g., m arketing, research, operations, industrial rela tions, etc.) or a m ajor geographic or organizational segment (e.g., a regional headquarters; a m ajor division) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5,0 0 0 but fewer than 2 5,0 0 0 em ployees; or Digitized for FRASER a. S e c r e t a r y t o a n e x e c u t i v e o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s n o t e q u iv a le n t t o o n e o f th e s p e c i f i c l e v e l s it u a t i o n s in t h e d e f in i t io n f o r c l a s s B, b u t w h o s e s u b o r d in a t e s t a f f n o r m a l l y n u m b e r s a t l e a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p l o y e e s a n d i s u s u a l l y d i v id e d in t o o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t s w h ic h a r e o ft e n, in t u r n, f u r t h e r s u b d i v id e d. In s o m e c o m p a n i e s, t h is l e v e l in c lu d e s a w id e r a n g e o f o r g a n i z a t i o n a l e c h e l o n s ; in o t h e r s, o n l y o n e o r t w o ; o b. S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d o f a n in d iv i d u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y, e t c. ( o r o t h e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p l o y s, in a l l, f e w e r th a n 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s. C la s s D a. S e c r e t a r y t o th e s u p e r v i s o r o r h e a d o f a s m a l l o r g a n i z a t i o n a l u n it ( e. g., f e w e r th a n a b o u t 25 o r 3 0 p e r s o n s ) ; o r b. S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s ta ff s p e c ia lis t, p r o f e s s io n a l e m p lo y e e, a d m in is t r a t iv e o f f i c e r, o r a s s i s t a n t, s k i l l e d t e c h n i c i a n o r e x p e r t. (N O T E ; M any co m p a n ie s a ssig n s t e n o g r a p h e r s, r a t h e r th a n s e c r e t a r i e s a s d e s c r i b e d a b o v e, t o t h is l e v e l o f s u p e r v i s o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r.) STEN O G RAPH E R, GENERAL P r i m a r y d u ty i s t o ta k e d i c t a t io n in v o l v i n g a n o r m a l r o u t in e v o c a b u l a r y f r o m o n e o r m o r e p e r s o n s e i t h e r in s h o r t h a n d o r b y S t e n o t y p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e ; a n d t r a n s c r i b e d i c t a t i o n. M a y a l s o ty p e f r o m w r i t t e n c o p y. M a y m a in t a in f i l e s, k e e p s i m p l e r e c o r d s, o r p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y r o u t in e c l e r i c a l t a s k s. M a y o p e r a t e f r o m a s t e n o g r a p h ic p o o l. D o e s n o t in c lu d e t r a n s c r i b i n g m a c h in e w o r k, (S e e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r. ) STENO G RAPH ER, S E N IO R P r i m a r y d u ty is t o ta k e d i c t a t io n i n v o l v i n g a v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y s u c h a s in l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h f r o m o n e o r m o r e p e r s o n s e i t h e r in s h o r t h a n d o r b y S t e n o t y p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e ; a n d t r a n s c r i b e d i c t a t i o n. M a y a l s o t y p e f r o m w r i t t e n cop y. M a y a l s o s e t u p a n d m a in t a in f i l e s, k e e p r e c o r d s, e t c. OR P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic d u t i e s r e q u i r in g s i g n i f i c a n t l y g r e a t e r in d e p e n d e n c e a n d r e s p o n s i b i l i t y th a n s t e n o g r a p h e r s, g e n e r a l a s e v i d e n c e d b y th e f o l l o w i n g : W o r k r e q u i r e s h ig h d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h ic s p e e d a n d a c c u r a c y ; a n d a t h o r o u g h w o r k i n g k n o w l e d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s i n e s s a n d o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e s a n d o f th e s p e c i f i c b u s i n e s s o p e r a t i o n s, o r g a n i z a t i o n, p o l i c i e s, p r o c e d u r e s, f i l e s, w o r k flo w, e t c. U s e s t h is k n o w le d g e in p e r f o r m i n g s t e n o g r a p h ic d u t i e s a n d r e s p o n s i b l e c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h a s, m a in t a in in g f o l l o w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b l i n g m a t e r i a l f o r r e p o r t s, m e m o r a n d u m s, l e t t e r s, e t c. ; c o m p o s i n g s i m p l e l e t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l i n s t r u c t i o n s ; r e a d i n g a n d r o u t in g in c o m in g m a i l ; and a n s w e r i n g r o u t in e q u e s t i o n s, e t c. D o e s n o t in c lu d e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e w o r k. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR C lass A. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. P erform s full telephone information service or handles com plex ca lls, such as conference, collect, overseas, or sim ilar calls, either in addition to doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a fu ll-tim e assignment. ( "F u ll" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone information purposes, e.g., because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problem s as to which extensions are appropriate for calls.) C lass B. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform lim ited telephone information service. ("L im ite d " telephone information service occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily understandable for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e.g., giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if com plex calls are referred to another operator.)

19 1 3 S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T I O N I S T In addition to perform in g duties of operator on a sin g le - p osition or m on itor-ty p e sw itch b o a r d, a c ts a s r e c e p t io n is t and m a y a ls o ty p e o r p e r f o r m r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k a s p a r t o f r e g u la r d u tie s. T h is ty p in g o r c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y ta k e the m a jo r p a r t o f th is w o r k e r 's tim e w h ile at s w itc h b o a r d. T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R C la s s A. O p e r a t e s a v a r ie t y o f ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n tin g m a c h in e s, t y p ic a lly in c lu d in g s u c h m a c h in e s a s the t a b u la to r, c a lc u la t o r, in t e r p r e t e r, c o l la t o r, and o t h e r s. P e r f o r m s c o m p le t e r e p o r t in g a s s ig n m e n t s w ith ou t c l o s e s u p e r v is io n, and p e r f o r m s d iff ic u lt w ir in g a s r e q u ir e d. T h e c o m p le t e r e p o r t in g and ta b u la tin g a s s ig n m e n t s t y p ic a lly in v o lv e a variety of long and com p lex rep orts w hich often are of irreg u la r or n on recu rrin g type r e q u ir in g s o m e p la n n in g and s e q u e n c in g o f s te p s to b e ta k e n. A s a m o r e e x p e r ie n c e d o p e r a t o r, is t y p ic a lly in v o lv e d in tra in in g new o p e r a t o r s in m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s, o r p a r t ia lly tr a in e d o p e r a t o r s in w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s and o p e r a tin g s e q u e n c e s o f lo n g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s. D o e s not in clu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v is o r s p e r fo r m in g t a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s and d a y - t o - day su p ervision of the w ork and produ ction of a group of tabulating-m achine op era tors. C la s s B. O p e r a t e s m o r e d iffic u lt ta b u la tin g o r e le c t r i c a l a c c o u n tin g m a c h in e s s u c h a s the ta b u la to r and c a lc u la t o r, in a d d itio n to the s o r t e r, r e p r o d u c e r, and c o l la t o r. T h is w o r k is p e r f o r m e d u n d e r s p e c i f ic in s t r u c t io n s and m a y in c lu d e th e p e r fo r m a n c e o f s o m e w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s. T h e w o r k t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s, f o r e x a m p le, ta b u la tio n s in v o lv in g a r e p e t it iv e a c c o u n tin g e x e r c i s e, a c o m p le t e but s m a ll ta b u la tin g stu d y, o r p a r ts o f a lo n g e r and m o r e com p lex rep ort. Such rep orts and studies are usually of a recu rrin g nature w here the p r o c e d u r e s a r e w e ll e s t a b lis h e d. M a y a ls o in c lu d e the tra in in g o f new e m p lo y e e s in th e b a s ic o p e r a tio n o f the m a c h in e. T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R C on tin u ed C la s s C. O p e r a t e s s im p le ta b u la tin g o r e le c t r i c a l a c c o u n tin g m a c h in e s s u c h a s the s o r t e r, r e p r o d u c in g p u n ch, c o l la t o r, e t c., w ith s p e c i f ic in s t r u c t io n s. M a y in clu d e s im p le w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and s o m e filin g w o r k. T h e w o r k t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s p o r t io n s o f a w o r k unit, for exam p le, individual sortin g or collatin g runs or rep etitive operation s. T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R, G E N E R A L P r i m a r y d u ty is t o t r a n s c r ib e d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l ro u tin e v o c a b u la r y fr o m t r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e r e c o r d s. M a y a ls o ty p e fr o m w r it te n c o p y and d o s im p le c l e r i c a l w o r k. W o r k e r s t r a n s c r ib in g d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g a v a r ie d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y s u c h a s le g a l b riefs or rep orts on scien tific resea rch are not in cluded. A w ork er who takes dictation in sh orthand or by Stenotype or sim ila r m achine is cla s sifie d as a stenograph er, gen eral. T Y P IS T U ses a typew riter to m ake cop ies of variou s m a teria l or to m ake out b ills after ca lcu la tions have been m ade by another person. M ay include typing of sten cils, m ats, or sim ila r m ater ia ls f o r u s e in d u p lic a tin g p r o c e s s e s. M a y d o c l e r i c a l w o r k in v o lv in g lit t le s p e c i a l t r a in in g, su ch as keeping sim ple re c o rd s, filing re co rd s and rep orts, or sorting and distributing in com ing m ail. C lass A. P e rfo rm s one or m ore of the follow in g : Typing m a teria l in final form when it in v o lv e s c o m b in in g m a te r ia l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s o r r e s p o n s ib ilit y f o r c o r r e c t s p e llin g, s y lla b ic a t io n, p u n ctu a tio n, e t c., o f t e c h n ic a l o r u n u su al w o r d s o r fo r e ig n la n g u a g e m a te r ia l; and p la n n in g la y o u t and ty p in g o f c o m p lic a t e d s t a t is tic a l ta b le s t o m a in ta in u n ifo r m it y and balance in spacing. M ay type routine form letters varying details to suit circu m sta n ces. C lass B. P e rfo rm s one or m ore of the follow in g : Copy typing from rough or clea r drafts ; r o u tin e ty p in g o f f o r m s, in s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s, e t c.; and se ttin g up s im p le s ta n d a r d t a b u la tio n s, or copying m ore com p lex tables alread y setup and spaced p rop erly. P R O F E S S IO N A L A N D T E C H N IC A L D R A F T S M A N C la s s A. P la n s the g r a p h ic p r e s e n t a t io n o f c o m p le x it e m s h a vin g d is t in c t iv e d e s ig n featu res that d iffer sign ifican tly from established drafting p reced en ts. W orks in clo se supp o r t w ith the d e s ig n o r ig in a t o r, and m a y r e c o m m e n d m in o r d e s ig n c h a n g e s. A n a ly z e s the effect of each change on the details of form, function, and position al relation sh ips of co m p o n e n ts and p a r t s. W o r k s w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e r v is o r y a s s is t a n c e. C o m p le te d w o r k is r e v ie w e d b y d e s ig n o r ig in a t o r f o r c o n s is t e n c y w ith p r io r e n g in e e r in g d e t e r m in a t io n s. M a y either prepare draw ings, or d irect their preparation by low er lev el draftsm en. C lass B. P e rfo rm s nonroutine and com p lex drafting assignm ents that req u ire the ap p lication of m ost of the standardized draw ing techniques reg u larly used. D uties ty p ica lly in volve such w ork as : P rep a res w orking draw ings of su b a ssem b lies w ith irreg u la r shapes, m ultiple functions, and p re cise positional relationships betw een com ponents ; prep a res a rch i t e c t u r a l d r a w in g s f o r c o n s t r u c tio n o f a b u ild in g in clu d in g d e ta il d r a w in g s o f fo u n d a tio n s, w a ll s e c t io n s, f l o o r p la n s, and r o o f. U s e s a c c e p t e d fo r m u la s and m a n u a ls in m a k in g n e c e s s a r y c o m p u ta tio n s to d e t e r m in e q u a n titie s o f m a t e r ia ls to b e u s e d, lo a d c a p a c it ie s, s tr e n g th s, s t r e s s e s, e t c. R e c e iv e s in itia l in s t r u c t io n s, r e q u ir e m e n t s, and a d v ic e fr o m s u p e r v is o r. C om pleted w ork is checked for tech n ica l adequacy. C la s s C. P r e p a r e s d e ta il d r a w in g s o f s in g le u n its o r p a r ts f o r e n g in e e r in g, c o n s t r u c tio n, m a n u fa c tu r in g, o r r e p a ir p u r p o s e s. T y p e s o f d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d in c lu d e is o m e t r ic p r o je c t io n s (depicting three dim ensions in a ccu rate scale ) and section a l view s to cla rify positioning of D RAFTSM AN Continued c o m p o n e n ts and c o n v e y n e e d e d in fo r m a t io n. C o n s o lid a t e s d e ta ils fr o m a n u m b e r o f s o u r c e s and a d ju s ts o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a le a s r e q u ir e d. S u g g e s te d m e th o d s o f a p p r o a c h, a p p lic a b le p r e c e d e n t s, and a d v ic e on s o u r c e m a te r ia ls a r e g iv e n w ith in itia l a s s ig n m e n t s. In s tr u c tio n s are less com p lete when assignm ents re cu r. W ork m ay be sp ot -ch eck ed during p ro g re ss. D R A F T S M A N -T R A C E R C o p ie s p la n s and d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s b y p la c in g t r a c in g c lo t h o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w in g s and t r a c in g w ith p e n o r p e n c il. (D o e s n ot in c lu d e t r a c in g lim it e d t o p la n s p r im a r i ly con sistin g of straight lines and a la rge sca le not requirin g clo se delineation.) a n d /o r P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e t it iv e d r a w in g s o f e a s ily v is u a liz e d it e m s. d u rin g p r o g r e s s. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REG ISTERED) W o rk is c l o s e l y s u p e r v is e d A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e w h o g iv e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e u n d e r g e n e r a l m e d ic a l d ir e c t io n to ill o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o th e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e ill o r s u f fe r an a c c id e n t on the p r e m is e s o f a fa ctory or other establishm ent. D uties in volve a com bination of the follow in g : G iving first aid t o the ill o r in ju r e d ; a tte n d in g to s u b se q u e n t d r e s s in g o f e m p lo y e e s * in ju r ie s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f p a tie n ts tr e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t io n o r o th e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s is t in g in ph ysical exam inations and health evaluations of applicants and em p loyees; and planning and c a rr y in g out p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g h e a lth e d u c a tio n, a c c id e n t p r e v e n t io n, e v a lu a tio n o f p lant e n v ir o n m e n t, or other a ctiv ities affecting the health, w elfa re, and safety of all person n el. M A IN T E N A N C E A N D P O W E R P L A N T C A R P E N T E R, M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R, M A IN T E N A N C E C on tin u ed P e r f o r m s the c a r p e n t r y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in in g o o d r e p a ir b u ild in g w o o d w o r k and e q u ip m e n t s u c h as b in s, c r i b s, c o u n t e r s, b e n c h e s, p a r t it io n s, d o o r s, f l o o r s, s t a ir s, ca sin g s, and trim m ade of w ood in an establishm ent. W ork in volves m ost of the follow in g ; P lan n in g and la y in g out o f w o r k fr o m b lu e p r in ts, d r a w in g s, m o d e ls, o r v e r b a l in s t r u c t io n s u s in g a v ariety of ca rp en ter 's handtools, portable pow er tools, and standard m easuring instrum ents ; m aking standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of w ork ; and selectin g m a teria ls n e ce s sa ry for the w ork. In gen era l, the w ork of the m aintenance carp en ter req u ires rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e.

20 14 E L E C T R IC IA N, M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC, P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e f u n c t io n s s u c h a s th e i n s t a l la t io n, m a in t e n a n c e, o r r e p a i r o f e q u ip m e n t f o r t h e g e n e r a t i o n, d i s t r i b u t i o n, o r u t i l i z a t i o n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in a n e s t a b l is h m e n t. W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a ll in g o r r e p a i r i n g a n y o f a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s g e n e r a t o r s, t r a n s f o r m e r s, s w i t c h b o a r d s, c o n t r o l l e r s, c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s, m o t o r s, h e a t in g u n i t s, c o n d u it s y s t e m s, o r o t h e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k i n g f r o m b l u e p r i n t s, d r a w i n g s, la y o u t s, o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; l o c a t i n g a n d d i a g n o s in g t r o u b l e in th e e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k i n g s t a n d a r d c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o lo a d r e q u i r e m e n t s o f w i r i n g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t ; a n d u s in g a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 's h a n d t o o l s a n d m e a s u r i n g a n d t e s t i n g i n s t r u m e n t s. In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l ly a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r ie n c e. E N G IN E E R, S T A T IO N A R Y O p e r a t e s a n d m a in t a in s a n d m a y a l s o s u p e r v i s e th e o p e r a t i o n o f s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s a n d e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n i c a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) t o s u p p ly th e e s t a b l is h m e n t in w h ic h e m p l o y e d w it h p o w e r, h e a t, r e fr ig e r a t io n, o r a ir -c o n d it io n in g. W o rk in v o lv e s : O p e r a t i n g a n d m a in t a in in g e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s s t e a m e n g in e s, a i r c o m p r e s s o r s, g e n e r a t o r s, m o t o r s, t u r b i n e s, v e n t il a t i n g a n d r e f r i g e r a t in g e q u ip m e n t, s t e a m b o i l e r s a n d b o i l e r - f e d w a t e r p u m p s ; m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; a n d k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t i o n o f m a c h i n e r y, t e m p e r a t u r e, a n d fu e l c o n s u m p t i o n. M a y a ls o s u p e r v is e th e se o p e r a tio n s. H e a d o r c h i e f e n g i n e e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s e m p l o y in g m o r e th a n o n e e n g in e e r a r e e x c l u d e d. F IR E M A N. S T A T IO N A R Y B O IL E R F i r e s s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r s t o fu r n is h t h e e s t a b l is h m e n t in w h ic h e m p l o y e d w it h h e a t, p o w e r, o r s te a m. F e e d s fu e ls to f i r e b y hand o r o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n ic a l s t o k e r, o r g a s o r o il b u r n e r ; a n d c h e c k s w a t e r a n d s a f e t y v a l v e s. M a y c l e a n, o i l, o r a s s i s t in r e p a i r i n g b o i l e r r o o m e q u ip m e n t. H ELPER, M A IN T E N A N C E TRADES A s s i s t s o n e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in t h e s k i l l e d m a in t e n a n c e t r a d e s, b y p e r f o r m i n g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u tie s o f l e s s e r s k i l l, s u c h a s k e e p in g a w o r k e r s u p p l ie d w it h m a t e r i a l s a n d t o o l s ; c l e a n in g.w o r k i n g a r e a, m a c h in e, a n d e q u ip m e n t ; a s s i s t i n g j o u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r i a l s o r t o o l s ; a n d p e r f o r m i n g o t h e r u n s k il le d t a s k s a s d i r e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n. T h e k in d o f w o r k th e h e lp e r is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m v a r ie s fr o m tra d e to tr a d e : In s o m e t r a d e s th e h e l p e r is c o n fi n e d t o s u p p ly in g, li f t i n g, a n d h o ld in g m a t e r i a l s a n d t o o l s a n d c l e a n in g w o r k i n g a r e a s ; a n d in o t h e r s h e is p e r m i t t e d t o p e r f o r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h in e o p e r a t i o n s, o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e th a t a r e a ls o p e r fo r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a fu ll-t im e b a s is. M A C H I N E -T O O L O P E R A T O R, TOOLROOM S p e c i a l i z e s in t h e o p e r a t i o n o f o n e o r m o r e t y p e s o f m a c h in e t o o l s, s u c h a s j i g b o r e r s, c y l i n d r i c a l o r s u r f a c e g r i n d e r s, e n g in e la t h e s, o r m i l l i n g m a c h i n e s, in t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f m a c h i n e - s h o p t o o l s, g a g e s, j i g s, f i x t u r e s, o r d i e s. W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g a n d p e r f o r m i n g d i f f i c u l t m a c h in in g o p e r a t i o n s ; p r o c e s s i n g it e m s r e q u i r i n g c o m p l i c a t e d s e t u p s o r a h ig h d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; s e l e c t i n g f e e d s, s p e e d s, t o o l i n g, a n d o p e r a t i o n s e q u e n c e ; a n d m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s d u r in g o p e r a t i o n to a ch ie v e r e q u is it e t o le r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s. M a y be r e q u ir e d to r e c o g n iz e w h en t o o ls n e e d d r e s s in g, t o d r e s s t o o l s, a n d t o s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o l a n t s a n d cu t t in g a n d l u b r i c a t i n g o i l s. F o r c r o s s in d u s t r y w a g e s t u d y p u r p o s e s, m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s, t o o l r o o m, in t o o l a n d d ie j o b b in g s h o p s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n. M A C H IN IS T, M A IN T E N A N C E P r o d u c e s r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t s a n d n ew p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a i r s o f m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in a n e s t a b l is h m e n t. W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n t e r p r e t in g w r i t t e n i n s t r u c t io n s a n d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; p la n n in g a n d la y in g ou t o f w o r k ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t 's h a n d t o o ls a n d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; s e t t in g u p a n d o p e r a t i n g s t a n d a r d m a c h in e t o o l s ; s h a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s t o c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g s t a n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o d i m e n s i o n s o f w o r k, t o o l i n g, f e e d s, a n d s p e e d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w l e d g e o f th e w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f th e c o m m o n m e t a l s ; s e l e c t i n g s t a n d a r d m a t e r i a l s, p a r t s, a n d e q u ip m e n t r e q u i r e d f o r h is w o r k ; a n d fi t t in g a n d a s s e m b l i n g p a r t s in to m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t. In g e n e r a l, th e m a c h i n i s t 's w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a in i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a l ly a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e. M E C H A N IC, A U T O M O T I V E (M A I N T E N A N C E ) R e p a i r s a u t o m o b i l e s, b u s e s, m o t o r t r u c k s, a n d t r a c t o r s o f a n e s t a b l is h m e n t. W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : E x a m i n i n g a u t o m o t i v e e q u ip m e n t t o d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b l e ; d i s a s s e m b l i n g e q u ip m e n t a n d p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s th a t in v o l v e t h e u s e o f s u c h h a n d t o o ls a s w r e n c h e s, g a g e s, d r i l l s, o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d i s a s s e m b l i n g o r fi t t in g p a r t s ; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g r i n d i n g a n d a d ju s t in g v a l v e s ; r e a s s e m b l i n g a n d in s t a l li n g Digitized for FRASER A U T O M O T IV E (M A I N T E N A N C E ) C o n tin u e d th e v a r i o u s a s s e m b l i e s in th e v e h i c l e a n d m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s ; a n d a lin in g w h e e l s, a d ju s t in g b r a k e s a n d l i g h t s, o r t ig h t e n in g b o d y b o l t s. In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e a u t o m o t i v e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l ly a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e. M E C H A N IC, M A IN T E N A N C E R e p a i r s m a c h i n e r y o r m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t o f a n e s t a b l is h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t t o d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b l e ; d i s m a n t li n g o r p a r t l y d i s m a n t li n g m a c h in e s a n d p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s th a t m a in l y in v o l v e th e u s e o f h a n d t o o ls in s c r a p i n g and f it t in g p a r t s ; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s w it h it e m s o b t a in e d f r o m s t o c k ; o r d e r i n g th e p r o d u c t io n o f a r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t b y a m a c h in e s h o p o r s e n d in g o f th e m a c h in e t o a m a c h in e s h o p f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s ; p r e p a r i n g w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s o r f o r th e p r o d u c t io n o f p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h in e s h o p ; r e a s s e m b l i n g m a c h in e s ; a n d m a k in g a ll n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s f o r o p e r a t i o n. In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f a m a in t e n a n c e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l ly a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e. E x c l u d e d f r o m t h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u t ie s in v o l v e s e t t in g u p o r a d ju s t in g m a c h in e s. M IL L W R IG H T I n s t a ll s n ew m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t, a n d d i s m a n t le s a n d i n s t a l ls m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t w h e n c h a n g e s in th e p la n t la y o u t a r e r e q u i r e d. W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l lo w i n g ; P la n n in g a n d la y in g ou t o f th e w o r k ; in t e r p r e t in g b lu e p r in t s o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d t o o ls a n d r i g g i n g ; m a k in g s t a n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o s t r e s s e s, s t r e n g t h o f m a t e r i a l s, a n d c e n t e r s o f g r a v i t y ; a lin in g a n d b a l a n c in g o f e q u ip m e n t ; s e l e c t i n g s t a n d a r d t o o l s, e q u ip m e n t, a n d p a r t s t o b e u s e d ; a n d in s t a l li n g and m a in t a in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s d r i v e s a n d s p e e d r e d u c e r s. In g e n e r a l, th e m i l l w r i g h t 's w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e in th e t r a d e a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e. O IL E R L u b r i c a t e s, w it h o i l o r e q u ip m e n t o f a n e s t a b l is h m e n t. P A IN T E R, grea se, th e m o v in g p a rts o r w e a r in g s u r fa c e s o f m e ch a n ica l M A IN T E N A N C E P a in t s a n d r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s, w o o d w o r k, a n d f i x t u r e s o f an e s t a b l is h m e n t. W o r k in v o l v e s th e f o l l o w i n g ; K n o w le d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u l i a r i t i e s a n d t y p e s o f p a in t r e q u i r e d f o r d i f f e r e n t a p p l i c a t i o n s ; p r e p a r i n g s u r f a c e f o r p a in t in g b y r e m o v i n g o ld f i n is h o r b y p l a c in g p u tty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o l e s a n d i n t e r s t i c e s ; a n d a p p ly in g p a in t w ith s p r a y gun o r b r u s h. M a y m ix c o l o r s, o i l s, w h it e le a d, a n d o t h e r p a in t in g r e d i e n t s t o o b t a in p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s i s t e n c y. In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e p a in t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l ly a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e. P IP E F IT T E R, M A IN T E N A N C E I n s t a ll s o r r e p a i r s w a t e r, s t e a m, g a s, o r o t h e r t y p e s o f p ip e a n d p i p e f it t in g s in a n e s t a b l is h m e n t. W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : L a y in g ou t o f w o r k a n d m e a s u r i n g t o l o c a t e p o s i t i o n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w i n g s o r o t h e r w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; c u ttin g v a r i o u s s i z e s o f p ip e t o c o r r e c t le n g t h s w it h c h i s e l a n d h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y l e n e t o r c h o r p i p e - c u t t in g m a c h in e ; t h r e a d in g p ip e w it h s t o c k s a n d d i e s ; b e n d in g p ip e b y h a n d - d r i v e n o r p o v / e r - d r i v e n m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b l i n g p ip e w it h c o u p li n g s a n d fa s t e n i n g p ip e t o h a n g e r s ; m a k in g s t a n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o p r e s s u r e s, f l o w, a n d s i z e o f p ip e r e q u i r e d ; a n d m a k in g s t a n d a r d t e s t s t o d e t e r m in e w h e t h e r f i n is h e d p i p e s m e e t s p e c i f i c a t i o n s. In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e p i p e f it t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l ly a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e. W o r k e r s p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in in s t a l li n g a n d r e p a i r i n g b u ild in g s a n it a t io n o r h e a t in g s y s t e m s a r e e x c l u d e d. PLU M BER, M A IN T E N A N C E K e e p s th e p lu m b in g s y s t e m o f an e s t a b l is h m e n t in g o o d o r d e r. W o r k i n v o l v e s : K n o w le d g e o f s a n it a r y c o d e s r e g a r d in g in s t a l la t io n o f v e n t s and t r a p s in p lu m b in g s y s t e m ; in s t a l li n g o r r e p a i r in g p ip e s a n d f i x t u r e s ; a n d o p e n in g c l o g g e d d r a i n s w it h a p lu n g e r o r p l u m b e r 's s n a k e. In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e p l u m b e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l ly a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e. S H E E T -M E T A L W ORKER, M A IN T E N A N C E F a b r i c a t e s, i n s t a l l s, a n d m a in t a in s in g o o d r e p a i r th e s h e e t - m e t a l e q u ip m e n t a n d f i x t u r e s ( s u c h a s m a c h in e g u a r d s, g r e a s e p a n s, s h e l v e s, l o c k e r s, t a n k s, v e n t i l a t o r s, c h u t e s, d u c t s, m e t a l r o o f in g ) o f a n e s t a b l is h m e n t. W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g a n d la y in g ou t a l l t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l m a in t e n a n c e w o r k f r o m b l u e p r i n t s, m o d e l s, o x o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; s e t t in g up a n d o p e r a t i n g a ll a v a il a b l e t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h in e s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f

21 15 S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K E R, M A IN T E N A N C E ---- C o n tin u e d T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R ---- C on tin u ed h a n d to o ls in c u ttin g, b e n d in g, fo r m in g, s h a p in g, fittin g, and a s s e m b lin g ; and in s ta llin g s h e e t - m e ta l a r t ic le s a s r e q u ir e d. In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t training and exp erien ce. T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R (Die m aker ; jig m aker ; tool m aker ; fixtu re m aker ; gage m aker ) C o n s t r u c t s and r e p a ir s m a c h in e -s h o p t o o ls, g a g e s, j i g s, fix tu r e s o r d ie s f o r f o r g in g s, punching, and other m eta l-form in g w ork. W ork in volves m ost of the follow in g : Planning and laying out of w ork from m od els, blu ep rin ts, draw ings, or other ora l and w ritten sp ecifica tion s ; using a v ariety of tool and die m a k er 's handtools and p re cisio n m easuring in strum ents ; un d ersta n d in g o f the w o r k in g p r o p e r t ie s o f c o m m o n m e t a ls and a llo y s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a tin g o f m a c h in e t o o ls and r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y s h o p co m p u ta tio n s r e la tin g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k, s p e e d s, f e e d s, and t o o lin g o f m a c h in e s ; h e a t -t r e a t in g o f m e ta l p a r ts d u rin g fa b r ic a t io n a s w e ll a s o f fin is h e d t o o ls and d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a lit ie s ; w o r k in g to c l o s e t o le r a n c e s ; fittin g and a s s e m b lin g o f p a r ts to p r e s c r ib e d t o le r a n c e s and a llo w a n c e s ; and s e le c t in g a p p r o p r ia te m a t e r ia ls, t o o ls, and p r o c e s s e s. In g e n e r a l, th e t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's w o r k r e q u ir e s a r o u n d e d tra in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o lr o o m p r a c t ic e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip or equivalent training and exp erien ce. F o r c r o s s - in d u s t r y w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s, t o o l and d ie m a k e r s in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion. C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T GUARD AND W ATCH M AN G u a r d. P e r f o r m s ro u tin e p o l ic e d u tie s, e it h e r at fix e d p o s t o r on t o u r, m a in ta in in g o r d e r, u sin g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y. In c lu d e s g a te m e n w h o a r e s ta tio n e d at g ate and check on identity of em ployees and other p erson s en terin g. W a tc h m a n. M a k e s r o u n d s o f p r e m is e s p e r io d ic a l ly in p r o t e c t in g p r o p e r t y a g a in s t f i r e, theft, and illeg a l entry. J A N IT O R, P O R T E R, O R C L E A N E R (Sw eeper; charw om an; ja n itress) C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d itio n f a c t o r y w o r k in g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s, o r p r e m is e s o f an o f f i c e, a p a r tm e n t h o u s e, o r c o m m e r c ia l o r o th e r e s t a b lis h m e n t. D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f the f o llo w in g ; S w e e p in g, m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g, and p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s, t r a s h, and o th e r r e f u s e ; d u stin g e q u ip m e n t, fu r n it u r e, o r f i x t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e ta l fix tu r e s or trim m in g s ; providing supplies and m inor m aintenance s e r v ice s ; and cleaning la v a tories, show e r s, and r e s t r o o m s. W o r k e r s w h o s p e c i a l iz e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c lu d e d. SHIPPING AND RECEIVIN G CLERK P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e f o r s h ip m e n t, o r r e c e iv e s and is r e s p o n s ib le f o r in c o m in g s h ip m ents of m erch an d ise or other m a teria ls. Shipping w ork in v olv es: A know ledge of shipping p ro ce d u re s, p ra ctice s, rou tes, available m eans of tran sp orta tion, and rate ; and preparing r e c o r d s o f the g o o d s s h ip p e d, m a k in g up b ills o f la d in g, p o s tin g w e ig h t and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s, and keeping a file of shipping re c o rd s. M ay d irect or a ssist in preparing the m erch an d ise for sh ipm ent. R eceivin g w ork in v olv es: V erifyin g or directin g oth ers in v erifyin g the co rre ctn e ss of s h ip m e n ts a g a in s t b ills o f la d in g, in v o i c e s, o r o th e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g fo r s h o r t a g e s and r e je c t in g dam aged goods ; routing m erch an d ise or m a teria ls to p rop er departm ents ; and m aintaining n e c e s sa ry record s and file s. F or w age study p u rp oses, w ork ers are cla s sifie d as follow s : R e c e iv in g c le r k S h ip p in g c le r k S h ip p in g and r e c e iv in g c le r k L A B O R E R, M A T E R IA L H A N D L IN G TRU CKD RIVER (L oa der and unloader ; handler and sta ck er; sh elv er ; tru ck er ; stockm an or stock h elp er ; w a re h o u s e m a n o r w a r e h o u s e h e lp e r ) A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e, m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, s t o r e, o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t w hose duties involve one or m ore of the follow in g : Loading and unloading variou s m a teria ls and m e r c h a n d is e on o r fr o m fr e ig h t c a r s, t r u c k s, o r o th e r tr a n s p o r t in g d e v i c e s ; u n p a c k in g, s h e lv in g, o r p la c in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e lo c a t io n ; and tr a n s p o r t in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e b y h a n d tr u c k, c a r, o r w h e e lb a r r o w. L o n g s h o r e m e n, w h o lo a d and u n lo a d sh ip s a r e exclu ded. O R D E R F IL L E R (O rder p ick er ; stock se le cto r ; w arehouse stockm an) F ills shipping or tra n sfer ord ers fo r finished goods from stored m erch an d ise in a c c o r d a n ce w ith s p e c ific a t io n s on s a le s s lip s, c u s t o m e r s o r d e r s, o r o th e r in s t r u c t io n s. M a y, in a d d itio n to fillin g ord ers and indicating item s filled or om itted, keep re co rd s of outgoing o rd e rs, req u i sition additional stock or rep ort short supplies to su p erv isor, and p erform other related duties. P A C K E R, S H IP P IN G P rep a res finished products for shipm ent or storage by placing them in shipping con t a in e r s, the s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d e p e n d e n t u p on the ty p e, s i z e, and n u m b e r o f u n its to b e p a c k e d, the ty p e o f c o n ta in e r e m p lo y e d, and m e th o d o f s h ip m e n t. W o rk r e q u ir e s the placing of item s in shipping contain ers and m ay in volve one or m ore of the follow in g : K now l e d g e o f v a r io u s ite m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r to v e r i f y co n te n t; s e le c t io n o f a p p r o p r ia t e ty p e and s iz e o f c o n t a in e r ; in s e r t in g e n c lo s u r e s in c o n t a in e r ; u s in g e x c e l s i o r o r o th e r m a t e r ia l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c lo s in g and s e a lin g c o n t a in e r ; and a p p ly in g la b e ls o r e n te r in g id e n tify in g data on contain er. P a ck ers w ho a lso m ake w ooden b oxes or crates are excluded. D r iv e s a t r u c k w ith in a c it y o r in d u s tr ia l a r e a to t r a n s p o r t m a t e r ia ls, m e r c h a n d is e, equipm ent, or m en betw een variou s types of establishm ents such as : M anufacturing plants, freight d e p o t s, w a r e h o u s e s, w h o le s a le and r e t a il e s t a b lis h m e n t s, o r b e tw e e n r e t a il e s t a b lis h m e n t s and c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s. M a y a ls o lo a d o r u n lo a d t r u c k w ith o r w ith ou t h e lp e r s, m a k e m in o r m e c h a n ic a l r e p a i r s, and k e e p t r u c k in g o o d w o r k in g o r d e r. D r i v e r - s a le s m e n and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r iv e r s a r e e x c lu d e d. F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s, t r u c k d r iv e r s a r e c l a s s i f ie d b y s iz e and ty p e o f e q u ip m e n t, as follow s : ( T ra cto r - tra ile r should be rated on the b asis of tra ile r capacity.) T R U C K E R, T ru ck d riv er (com bination of size s listed sep arately ) T ru ck d riv er, light (under 1V2 tons) T ru ck d riv er, m edium (IV2 to and including 4 tons ) T r u c k d r iv e r, h e a v y (o v e r 4 t o n s, t r a ile r ty p e ) T ru ck d riv er, heavy (ov er 4 ton s, other than tra ile r type) P O W E R O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o lle d g a s o lin e - o r e le c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t g o o d s and m a t e r ia ls o f a ll k in d s a bou t a w a r e h o u s e, m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. F or w age study p u rp oses, w ork ers are cla s sifie d by type of truck, as follow s : T r u c k e r, p o w e r (fo r k lif t) T ru ck er, pow er (other than fork lift )

22 Available On Request----- The following areas are surveyed periodically for use in administering the Service Contract Act of available at no cost while supplies last from any of the BLS regional offices shown on the inside front cover. Copies of public releases are Abilene, Tex. Alaska Albany, Ga. Alexandria, La. Alpena, Standish, and Tawas City, Mich. Amarillo, Tex. Ann Arbor, Mich. Asheville, N.C. Atlantic City, N.J. Augusta, Ga. S.C. Austin, Tex. Bakersfield, Calif. Baton Rouge, La. Billings, Mont. Biloxi, Gulfport, and Pascagoula, Miss. Bridgeport, Norwalk, and Stamford, Conn. Charleston, S.C. Cheyenne, Wyo. Clarksville, Tenn., and Hopkinsville, Ky. Colorado Springs, Colo. Columbia, S.C. Columbus, Ga. Ala. Crane, Ind. Decatur, 111. Dothan, Ala. Duluth Superior, Minn. Wis. Durham, N.C. El Paso, Tex. Eugene, Oreg. Fargo Moorhead, N. Dak. Minn. Fayetteville, N.C. Fitchburg Leominster, Mass. Fort Smith, Ark. Okla. Frederick Hagerstown, Md.-Pa.-W. Va. Great Falls, Mont. Greensborcr-Winston Salem High Point, N.C. Harrisburg, Pa. Hartford, Conn. Huntsville, Ala. Knoxville, Tenn. Laredo, Tex. Las Vegas, Nev. Lexington, Ky. Lower Eastern Shore, Md.-Va. Lynchburg, Va. Macon, Ga. Madison, Wis. Marquette, Escanaba, Sault Ste. Marie, Mich Meridian, Miss. Middlesex, Monmouth, Ocean and Somerset Cos., N.J. Mobile, Ala., and Pensacola, Fla. Montgomery, Ala. Nashville, Tenn. New London Groton Norwich, Conn. Northeastern Maine Ogden, Utah Orlando, Fla. Oxnard Ventura, Calif. Panama City, Fla. Pine Bluff, Ark. Portsmouth, N.H. Maine^Mass. Pueblo, Colo. Reno, Nev. Sacramento, Calif. Salina, Kans. Salinas Monterey, Calif. Santa Barbara, Calif. Shreveport, La. Springfield Chicopee Holyoke, Mass. Conn. Stockton, Calif. Tacoma, Wash. Topeka, Kans. Tucson, Ariz. Valdosta, Ga. V allej o Napa, C alif. Wichita Falls, Tex. Wilmington, Del. N.J. Md. The tenth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors of personnal, buyers, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1654, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Technical, and Clerical Pay, June 1969, 75 cents a copy, from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402, or any of its regional sales offices.

23 A rea W age Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory of area wage studies including more limited studies conducted at the request of the Wage and Hour Division of the Department of Labor is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402, or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. Area Akron, Ohio, July Albany Schenectady Troy, N.Y., Feb Albuquerque, N. M ex., Mar Allentown Bethlehem Easton, Pa. N. J., May 1970 Atlanta, G a., May Baltimore, M d., Aug Beaumont Port Arthui Orange, Tex., May Binghamton, N.Y., July 1970 Birmingham, A la., Mar Boise City, Idaho, Nov Boston, M a ss., Aug Buffalo, N.Y., Oct Burlington, V t., Mar Canton, Ohio, May Charleston, W. V a., Apr Charlotte, N.C., Mar Chattanooga, Ten n.-g a., Sept Chicago, 111., Apr Cincinnati, Ohio Ky. Ind., Feb Cleveland, Ohio, Sept Columbus, Ohio, Oct Dallas, Tex., Oct Davenport Rock Island Moline, Iowa 111., Dayton, Ohio, Dec Denver, Colo., Dec Des Moines, Iowa, May Detroit, Mich., Feb Fort Worth, Tex., Oct Green Bay, W is., July j Greenville, S.C., May Houston, Tex., Apr Indianapolis, Ind., Oct Jackson, M iss., Jan Jacksonville, Fla., Dec Kansas City, Mo. Kans., Sept Lawrence Haverhill, M ass. N.H., June Little Rock North Little Rock, Ark., July Los Angeles Long Beach and Anaheim Santa A nagarden Grove, Calif., Mar Louisville, Ky. Ind., Nov Lubbock, Tex., Mar Manchester, N.H., July Memphis, Tenn. A rk., Nov Miami, Fla., Nov Midland and Odessa, Tex., Jan Milwaukee, W is., May Minneapolis St. Paul, Minn., Jan Bulletin number and price , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 50 cents 25 cents 45 cents 45 cents 25 cents 40 cents 65 cents 40 cents , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 40 cents , , , , , , , , , 45 cents 40 cents 40 cents 50 cents 50 cents D ata on esta blish m en t p r a c tic e s and sup plem en tary w a g e provisions are also presented. Digitized for FRASER Area M u s k e g o n M u s k e g o n H e i g h ts, M i c h., J u n e N e w a r k and J e r s e y C ity, N. J., J a n New H a v e n, C on n., J a n New O r l e a n s, L a., J a n New Y o r k, N. Y., A p r N o r fo lk P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s H a m p to n, V a., J a n O k l a h o m a C ity, O k l a., J u l y 1969 O m a h a, N e b r. Iow a, Se pt P a t e r son C l i f t o r r - P a s s a i c, N. J., Ju n e P h i l a d e l p h i a, P a. N. J., N ov P h o e n i x, A r i z., M a r P i t t s b u r g h, P a., J a n P o r t l a n d, M a i n e, Nov P o r t l a n d, O r e g. W a s h., M a y P r o v i d e n c e P a w t u c k e t W a r w ic k, R. I. M a s s., M a y R a l e i g h, N. C., Aug R ic h m o n d, V a., M a r R o c h e s t e r, N.Y. (o f f ic e o c c u p a t i o n s only), R o c k f o r d, 111., M a y St. L o u i s, Mo. 111., M a r S a l t L a k e C ity, U tah, Nov S a n A n ton io, T e x., M a y 1970 S a n B e r n a r d i n o R i v e r s i d e O n t a r i o, C a l i f., S a n D ie g o, C a l i f., Nov ' S a n F r a n c i s c o O a k la n d, C a l i f., Oct ' S a n J o s e, C a l i f., Se pt S a v a n n a h, G a., M a y * S c r a n t o n, P a., J u l y S e a t t l e E v e r e t t, Wa s h., J an S i o u x F a l l s, S. D a k., Se pt South B e n d, I n d., M a r ' S p o k a n e, W a s h., J u n e S y r a c u s e, N. Y., J u l y T a m p a St. P e t e r s b u r g, F l a., A ug T o l e d o, O h io M i c h., F e b T r e n t o n, N. J., S e p t U tica R o m e, N. Y., J u ly W a sh in gto n, D. C. - M d. - V a., S e p t ' W a t e r b u r y, C o n n., M a r W ate r l o o, I o w a, J an W i c h i t a, K a n s., A p r ' W o r c e s t e r, M a s s., M a y 1970 ' Y o r k, P a., F e b Y ou ng stow n W a r r e n, Ohio, N ov Bulletin number and pric e , , , , , 50 cents 60 cents , ,, , , , , , , , 45 cents 60 cents 50 cents 40 cents , , , 40 cents , , , , , 40 cents , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 50 cents 25 cents 50 cents