Recap: Microprogramming. Specialize state-diagrams easily captured by microsequencer simple increment & branch fields datapath control fields

Transcription

1 C 152 Lc13.1 Rcap: icopogammig C152: Compu chicu a Egiig Lcu 13 - oucio o Pipliig pcializ a-iagam aily capu by micoquc impl icm & bach fil aapah cool fil Cool ig uc o icopogammig icopogammig i a fuamal cocp implm a iucio by builig a vy impl poco a ipig h iucio ial fo vy complx iucio a wh fw gi af a poibl ovkill wh mach aapah 1-1 C 152 Lc13.2 ummay: icopogammig o ipiaio fo RC f impl iucio coul xcu a vy high clock a f you coul v wi compil o pouc micoiucio f mo pogam u impl iucio a aig mo f micoco i kp i R ia of R o a o fix bug f am mmoy u fo cool mmoy coul b u ia a cach fo macoiucio Th why o kip iucio ipaio by a micopogam a imply compil icly io low laguag of machi? (micopogammig i ovkill wh mach aapah 1-1) C 152 Lc13.3 Rcap: Excpio a up Excpio a h ha pa of cool N o fi covi plac o c xcpio a o bach o a o micoiucio ha av a ivok h opaig ym w g pipli CPU ha uppo pag faul o mmoy acc which ma ha h iucio cao compl N you mu b abl o a h pogam a xacly h iucio wih h xcpio, i g v ha C 152 Lc13.4 u oificaio o h Cool pcificaio R-yp R[] <= Ri R[] <= <= E[] <= LW <= fu <= op ZX <= + X ovflow oy E <= - 4 <= xp_a cau <= 12 (vf) co <= +X oh 0001 <= E[] 1001 R[] <= 1010 iucio fch W EQ <= f - = <= + X h <= E[] <= 1100 ufi iucio E <= - 4 <= xp_a cau <= 10 (R) Wi-back Th ig Picu: Wh a W Now? Th Fiv Claic Compo of a Compu Poco Cool aapah oy ack o h aapah agai o y o p i up om mo igl cycl aapah ga CP bu ibl cyclim (log ciical pah) ulipl cycl aapah goo cycl im bu poo CP Pipliig g h b of boh! pu upu C 152 Lc13.5 C 152 Lc13.6

2 C 152 Lc13.7 Pipliig i Naual! Lauy Exampl, ia, Cahy, av ach hav o loa of cloh o wah, y, a fol Wah ak 30 miu y ak 30 miu Fol ak 30 miu ah ak 30 miu o pu cloh io aw C T a k quial Lauy C quial lauy ak 8 hou fo 4 loa f hy la pipliig, how log woul lauy ak? C 152 Lc P Tim Pipli Lauy: a wok P Pipliig Lo T a k 6 P C Tim Pipli lauy ak 3.5 hou fo 4 loa! T a k 6 P Tim C Pipliig o hlp lacy of igl ak, i hlp houghpu of i wokloa ulipl ak opaig imulaouly uig iff ouc Poial pup = Numb pip ag Pipli a limi by low pipli ag Ubalac lgh of pip ag uc pup Tim o fill pipli a im o ai i uc pup all fo pc C 152 Lc13.9 C 152 Lc13.10 way o bak up h aapah opaio Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 Cycl 5 pply pipliig Loa fch /c W Tim (clock cycl) fch: ucio Fch Fch h iucio fom h ucio oy /c: i Fch a ucio co : Calcula h mmoy a : Ra h aa fom h aa oy W: Wi h aa back o h gi fil m m m m m m m m m m C 152 Lc13.11 C 152 Lc13.12

3 C 152 Lc13.13 Covioal Pipli uio Rpaio Tim Fch W Fch W Fch W Fch W Fch W Pogam Flow Fch W How much impovm ca pipliig giv u? uppo w xcu 100 iucio igl Cycl achi 45 /cycl x 1 CP x 100 i = 4500 ulicycl achi 10 /cycl x 4.6 CP (u o i mix) x 100 i = 4600 al pipli machi 10 /cycl x (1 CP x 100 i + 4 cycl ai) = 1040 C 152 Lc13.14 Clk Clk igl Cycl, ulipl Cycl, v. Pipli igl Cycl mplmaio: Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 Cycl 5 Cycl 6 Cycl 7 Cycl 8 Cycl 9 Cycl 10 ulipl Cycl mplmaio: Loa fch W Pipli mplmaio: Loa fch W C 152 Lc13.15 Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Loa o Wa o fch W R-yp fch W o fch R-yp fch Ca pipliig g u io oubl? Y: Pipli Haza ucual haza: amp o u h am ouc wo iff way a h am im C 152 Lc E.g., combi wah/y woul b a ucual haza o fol buy oig omhig l (wachig TV) aa haza: amp o u im bfo i i ay - E.g., o ock of pai i y a o i wah; ca fol uil g ock fom wah hough y - iucio p o ul of pio iucio ill i h pipli cool haza: amp o mak a ciio bfo coiio i vaula - E.g., wahig fooball uifom a o g pop g lvl; o af y bfo x loa i - bach iucio Ca alway olv haza by waiig pipli cool mu c h haza ak acio (o lay acio) o olv haza igl oy i a ucual Haza ucual Haza limi pfomac. Loa Tim (clock cycl) Exampl: if 1.3 mmoy acc p iucio a oly o mmoy acc p cycl h avag CP 1.3 ohwi ouc i mo ha 100% uiliz cio i ay i hi ca! (igh half highligh ma a, lf half wi) C 152 Lc13.17 C 152 Lc13.18

4 C 152 Lc13.19 Cool Haza oluio all: wai uil ciio i cla poibl o mov up ciio o 2 ag by aig hawa o chck gi a big a Tim (clock cycl). q Loa mpac: 2 clock cycl p bach iucio => low. Cool Haza oluio Pic: gu o icio h back up if wog Pic o ak q mpac: 1 clock cycl p bach iucio if igh, 2 if wog (igh 50% of im) o yamic chm: hioy of 1 bach ( 90%) C 152 Lc13.20 Loa Tim (clock cycl) Cool Haza oluio aa Haza o 1 Rfi bach bhavio (ak plac af x iucio) lay bach. q mpac: 0 clock cycl p bach iucio if ca fi iucio o pu i lo ( 50% of im) lauch mo iucio p clock cycl, l uful C 152 Lc13.21 ic Loa Tim (clock cycl) a 1,2,3 ub 4, 1,3 a 6, 1,7 o 8, 1,9 xo 10, 1,11 C 152 Lc13.22 aa Haza o 1: pci backwa i im a haza aa Haza oluio: Fowa ul fom o ag o aoh. Tim (clock cycl) F /RF EX E W m m a 1,2,3 ub 4,1,3 a 6,1,7 o 8,1,9 xo 10,1,11 m m m m m m m m. Tim (clock cycl) F /RF EX E W m m a 1,2,3 ub 4,1,3 a 6,1,7 o 8,1,9 xo 10,1,11 m m m m m m m m o K if fi a/wi poply C 152 Lc13.23 C 152 Lc13.24

5 C 152 Lc13.25 Fowaig (o ypaig): Wha abou Loa pci backwa i im a haza Tim (clock cycl) F /RF EX E W lw 1,0(2) m m ub 4,1,3 m m igig a Pipli Poco Go back a xami you aapah a cool iagam aocia ouc wih a u ha flow o o coflic, o figu ou how o olv a cool i appopia ag Ca olv wih fowaig: u lay/all iucio p o loa C 152 Lc13.26 Pipli Poco (lighly iff ha book) Wha happ if w a a w iucio vy cycl? Cool a aapah <- []; < +4; <- R[]; < R[]. Vali c x Ex mm wb W < + ; < o ZX; < + X; < [] < + X; [] <- f Co < +X; C 152 Lc13.27 aa Equal R[] < ; C 152 Lc13.28 R[] < ;. R[] < ; Equal aa Pipliig h Loa ucio Th Fou ag of R-yp Clock 1 lw Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 Cycl 5 Cycl 6 Cycl 7 fch /c W Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 R-yp fch /c W 2 lw Th fiv ip fucioal ui i h pipli aapah a: ucio oy fo h fch ag i Ra po (bu a bu) fo h /c ag fo h ag fch /c W 3 lw aa oy fo h ag fch /c W i Wi po (bu W) fo h W ag fch: ucio Fch Fch h iucio fom h ucio oy /c: i Fch a ucio co : opa o h wo gi opa Upa W: Wi h oupu back o h gi fil C 152 Lc13.29 C 152 Lc13.30

6 C 152 Lc13.31 Clock Pipliig h R-yp a Loa ucio Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 Cycl 5 Cycl 6 Cycl 7 Cycl 8 Cycl 9 R-yp fch /c W R-yp fch /c W Loa W hav pipli coflic o ucual haza: Two iucio y o wi o h gi fil a h am im! ly o wi po fch /c W R-yp fch /c W p! W hav a poblm! R-yp fch /c W mpoa bvaio Each fucioal ui ca oly b u oc p iucio Each fucioal ui mu b u a h am ag fo all iucio: Loa u i Wi Po uig i 5h ag Loa fch /c W R-yp u i Wi Po uig i 4h ag R-yp fch /c W 2 way o olv hi pipli haza. C 152 Lc13.32 Clock oluio 1: ubbl io h Pipli Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 Cycl 5 Cycl 6 Cycl 7 Cycl 8 Cycl 9 fch /c W Loa fch /c W R-yp fch /c W R-yp fch /c Pipli W R-yp fch ubbl /c W a bubbl io h pipli o pv 2 wi a h am cycl Th cool logic ca b complx. Lo iucio fch a iu oppouiy. No iucio i a i Cycl 6! fch /c oluio 2: lay R-yp Wi by Cycl lay R-yp gi wi by o cycl: Now R-yp iucio alo u wi po a ag 5 Clock ag i a NP ag: ohig i big o R-yp fch /c W Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 Cycl 5 Cycl 6 Cycl 7 Cycl 8 Cycl 9 R-yp fch /c W R-yp fch /c W Loa fch /c W R-yp fch /c W R-yp fch /c W C 152 Lc13.33 C 152 Lc13.34 oifi Cool & aapah <- []; < +4; Th Fou ag of o Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 <- R[]; < R[] o fch /c W < + ; < o ZX; < + X; < + X; if Co < +X; fch: ucio Fch Fch h iucio fom h ucio oy < < < [] [] <- /c: i Fch a ucio co R[] < ; R[] < ; R[] < ; Equal : Calcula h mmoy a : Wi h aa io h aa oy. aa C 152 Lc13.35 C 152 Lc13.36

7 C 152 Lc13.37 Th Th ag of q Cycl 1 Cycl 2 Cycl 3 Cycl 4 Cool iagam <- []; < +4; q fch /c W <- R[]; < R[] fch: ucio Fch Fch h iucio fom h ucio oy < + ; < o ZX; < + X; < + X; f Co < +X; /c: i Fch a ucio co : compa h wo gi opa, lc coc bach ag a lach io < R[] < ; < R[] < ;. < [] R[] < ; Equal [] <- aa C 152 Lc13.38 aapah + aa aioay Cool L Ty i u. fu op co v w wb m x im v w wb m v w wb aa W 10 lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, 12 h a a ocal 100 a 13, 14, 15 C 152 Lc13.39 C 152 Lc13.40 a: Fch 10 Fch 14, co 10. co im W. lw 1, 2(35) co 2 im W 10 aa 10 lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, aa 10 lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, 12 C 152 Lc a 13, 14, 15 C 152 Lc a 13, 14, 15

8 C 152 Lc13.43 Fch 20, co 14, 10 Fch 24, co 20, 14, 10. a 2, 2, 3 co 2 lw 1 35 W. ub 3, 4, 5 co 4 5 a 2, 2, 3 3 lw 1 W aa 10 lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, aa 10 lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, a 13, 14, 15 C 152 Lc a 13, 14, 15 Fch 30, c 24, Ex 20, 14, W 10 Fch 34, c 30, Ex 24, 20, W 14. bq 6, co 6 7 ub a lw 1 [2+35] W. oi 8, 9 17 co 9 xx bq ub a W 1=[2+35] 30 aa 10 lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, aa 10 lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, 12 C 152 Lc a 13, 14, 15 C 152 Lc a 13, 14, 15 Fch 100, c 34, Ex 30, 24, W 20. a 10, 11, 12 C 152 Lc13.47 co oi 8 9 x bq xxx 100 ooop, w houl hav oly o lay iucio ub aa W 1=[2+35] 2 = lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, a 13, 14, 15 Fch 104, c 100, Ex 34, 30, W 24. a 13, 14, 15 C 152 Lc13.48 co a 10 xx oi bq xxx aa quah h xa iucio i h bach haow! W 1=[2+35] 2 = = lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, a 13, 14, 15

9 C 152 Lc13.49 Fch 108, c 104, Ex 100, 34, W 30. co a 13 xx a 10 oi 8 W Fch 114, c 110, Ex 104, 100, W 34 N W N vflow. co a 13 a 10 W aa quah h xa iucio i h bach haow! 1=[2+35] 2 = = lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, a 13, 14, 15 C 152 Lc & R aa quah h xa iucio i h bach haow! 1=[2+35] 2 = = = lw 1, 2(35) 14 a 2, 2, 3 20 ub 3, 4, 5 24 bq 6, 7, oi 8, 9, a 10, 11, a 13, 14, 15 ummay: Pipliig Wha mak i ay all iucio a h am lgh ju a fw iucio foma mmoy opa appa oly i loa a o Wha mak i ha? ucual haza: uppo w ha oly o mmoy cool haza: o woy abou bach iucio aa haza: a iucio p o a pviou iucio ummay Pipliig i a fuamal cocp mulipl p uig iic ouc Uiliz capabilii of h aapah by pipli iucio pocig a x iucio whil wokig o h cu o limi by lgh of log ag (plu fill/fluh) c a olv haza W ll buil a impl pipli a look a h iu W ll alk abou mo poco a wha ally mak i ha: xcpio halig yig o impov pfomac wih ou-of-o xcuio, c. C 152 Lc13.51 C 152 Lc13.52