Perspectives on MTF Power Plants
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1 Perspectives on MTF Power Plants Ronald L. Miller Decysive Systems Santa Fe, NM Presented at ICC2006 Austin, TX Feb , /13/2006 -RLM 1
![Magnetized Target Fusion (MTF) Intermediate regime between MFE [e.g., tokamak, stellarator, RFP, FRC] and IFE [e.](/docs-images/79/80191179/images/2-0.jpg "g., laser, heavy-ion, Z-(pinch) IFE] Extrapolates from LANL P-24 FRX-L 2/13/2006 -RLM 2")
2 Magnetized Target Fusion (MTF) Intermediate regime between MFE [e.g., tokamak, stellarator, RFP, FRC] and IFE [e.g., laser, heavy-ion, Z-(pinch) IFE] Extrapolates from LANL P-24 FRX-L 2/13/2006 -RLM 2
3 1977 Science Court (Gong Show) Evaluated 11 AFCs 2/13/2006 -RLM 3
4 And the Score was 2/13/2006 -RLM 4
5 LANL Fast Liner Proposal (1977) 2/13/2006 -RLM 5
6 Fast Liner Reactor (FLR) 2/13/2006 -RLM 6
7 More FLR refs. R. W. Moses, R. A. Krakowski and R. L. Miller, Fast- Imploding Liner Fusion Power, Proceedings of the Third Topical Meeting on the Technology of Controlled Nuclear Fusion, (ANS, Santa Fe, NM, May 1978), CONF , 1, R. A. Krakowski, R. W. Moses, R. L. Miller and R. A. Gerwin, Fusion Power from Fast Imploding Liners, Fusion Reactor Design Concepts, IAEA-TC-145/21, , F. L. Ribe and A. R. Sherwood, Fast-Liner-Compression Fusion Systems, Fusion, E. Teller (ed.), Vol. 1, Magnetic Confinement Part B (1981). 2/13/2006 -RLM 7
8 NRL Slow Liner (LINUS) MEGAGAUSS PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY, P. J. Turchi (ed.) (1980). 2/13/2006 -RLM 8
9 LINUS Modelling D.C. Quimby, A. L. Hoffman, and G. C. Vlases, LINUS Cycle Calculations Including Plasma Transport and Resistive Flux Loss, Nuclear Fusion, 21, 5 (1981) 553. FRC target plasma. 2/13/2006 -RLM 9
![Blast Confinement Jumbo (Trinity Test, 1945) [left] A. P.](/docs-images/79/80191179/images/10-1.jpg "Fraas, The BLASCON An Exploding Pellet Fusion Reactor, ORNL-TM-3231 (July 1971).")
10 Blast Confinement Jumbo (Trinity Test, 1945) [left] A. P. Fraas, The BLASCON An Exploding Pellet Fusion Reactor, ORNL-TM-3231 (July 1971). [right] 2/13/2006 -RLM 10
11 Shock, Debris Mitigation Chamber geometry and inner surface Periodicly (dominantly) open chamber -tritium containment Thick-liquid, primary coolant choice -Immiscibility? -Debris trap/removal -Fouling Stirring, bubbles(e.g., Ar cover gas) 2/13/2006 -RLM 11
12 Comparison to IFE HYLIFE-II (LLNL+) 2/13/2006 -RLM 12
13 Z-IFE C. L. Olson + Z-IFE Team, Z-Pinch Inertial Fusion Energy, Fusion Power Associates Annual Meeting and Symposium, Washington, D. C. (Oct 11-12, 2005). 2/13/2006 -RLM 13
14 Other FRC Power Plant Options R. L. Hagenson and R. A. Krakowski, Conceptual Physics Design of a Compact Torus Fusion Reactor (CTOR), LA-8448-MS (July 1980). R. L. Hagenson and R. A. Krakowski, A Compact-Toroid Fusion Reactor Based on the Field-Reversed Theta Pinch, LA-8758-MS (March 1981). H. Momota, et al., Conceptual Design of the D- 3 He Reactor Artemis, Fusion Technology, 21, 4 (July 1992) A. L. Hoffman, An Ideal Compact Fusion Reactor Based on a Field-Reversed Configuration, Fusion Technology, 30, (Dec. 1996) /13/2006 -RLM 14
15 Steady-State Thick-Liquid Wall Advanced Power Extraction (APEX) project: -tokamak, cf. ARIES-RS -FRC ref. R. W. Moir, et al., Fusion Technology, 39, 2, Part 2 (Mar. 2001) 758. Primary coolant candidate materials Reduces damage to FW/blanket structural materials, increases service life, reduces scheduled/unscheduled downtime. 2/13/2006 -RLM 15
16 Primary Coolant Candidates Li provides T 2 breeder function for DT fuel cycle Candidates: -Li -(LiAl) -Li 17 Pb 83 eutectic -Sn 80 Li 20 -Molten salts: --flibe: (LiF) n -BeF 2 where n=1,2 --flinabe: LiF-NaF-BeF 2 2/13/2006 -RLM 16
17 Field-Reversed Configuration (FRC) M. Tuszewski, Field Reversed Configurations, Nuclear Fusion, 28, 11 (1988) J. M. Taccetti, T. P. Intrator, G. A. Wurden, et al., FRX- L, Rev. Sci. Instruments, 74,10 (2003) /13/2006 -RLM 17
18 Operational Sequence Move RTL/Liner cartridge into position Mechanical/electrical connection to Plasma Formation Apparatus Vacuum pumpdown (Test)/insert/lock into chamber Form plasma/translate/stop in liner Fire! Chamber recovery RTL stump shearing, unlock, and removal [Energy storage recharge] 2/13/2006 -RLM 18
19 Sacrificial, Recyclable Transmission Line (RTL) FRC translation allows separation of permanent plasma formation apparatus from burn zone. Guide field could be supplied externally or locally by RTL. 2/13/2006 -RLM 19
20 RTL/Liner Destruction Moving (up/away) from destroyed liner front end: -vaporization -melting -deformation Leaving a stump to be withdrawn or sheared off 2/13/2006 -RLM 20
21 RTL/Liner Remanufacture Automated, mass (re)production using activated materials Cost must be small compared to energy value of pulse On-site factory versus off-site facility serving multiple plants with 2-way transportation burden 2/13/2006 -RLM 21
22 Simple Manufacturing Methods Extrusion Injection molding, casting Additive methods (laser sintering, nitridation, and infiltration) cf. T. Sercombe and G. B. Schaffer, Rapid Manufacture of Aluminum Components, Science, 301 (29 Aug 2003) Rate (kg/s) determines number of parallel production lines Heterogeneity (conductor/insulator/nmultiplier, etc.)? 2/13/2006 -RLM 22
23 Initial Liner Velocity Approximation Ribe & Sherwood (1981). Cu: 9.02E km/s Al: 3.05E km/s 2/13/2006 -RLM 23
24 Liner Implosion B B D MTF04d01 Test of freely imploding liner (W K = const) A B D 0.12 MTFd B A Test of flux compression and bounce. 2/13/2006 -RLM 24
25 FRC Plasma Model Radial profiles Adiabatic compression relations cf. Tuszewski (1988) Table V. 2/13/2006 -RLM 25
26 Alpha-particle plasma heating Apply multi-group model of fusion-product alphas cf. T. Oliphant, Fuel Burn-up and Direct Conversion of Energy in a D-T Plasma, B.N.E.S. Nuclear Fusion Reactor Conference, Culham (Sep. 1969) 306. Monitor alpha-particle loss along guide field as possible direct conversion opportunity. Trade-off between self-heating and liner back pressure. 2/13/2006 -RLM 26
27 Conclusions Argument that there is an alternative (faster, cheaper) route to fusion plasma burn or a better power plant may not be influential, even if true. Faced with this situation, an energy combatant would not surrender. 2/13/2006 -RLM 27
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