Motion Graphs: Distance/Time Graph - Speed/Time Graph

Transcription

1 Motion Graphs: Distance/Time Graph - Speed/Time Graph Matching match the following graphs to their correct statement 1. The car is stopped. 2. The car is traveling at a constant speed. 3. The speed of the car is decreasing. 4. The car is coming back. Answer the following questions based on the graph Which runner won the race?. Which runner stopped for a rest? How long was the stop? How long did Bob take to complete the race? Calculate Albert s average speed. (Figure the distance and the time first!)

2 Distance and Displacement Problems: Draw out the path of the motions. Graph paper is very helpful. 1. Michelle walks 100m toward the west, then turns and walks back the way she came 20m. What is her distance? What is her displacement? 2. An Olympic runner competing in the 1600m circles the track exactly 4 times during a race. What is his distance? What is his displacement? 3. A shopper walks forward 20m, turns right and walks 5m, turns left and walks in the original direction 10m, then turns left again for 5m. What is her distance? What is her displacement? 4. Some hikers travel 2 km north, turn toward the west and travel 4km, turn toward the south and travel 6 km, then finally travel east for 4 km. What is their distance? What is their displacement? 5. A skating rink is perfectly circular and it has a radius of 12m. A skater circles the rink on the outer edges near the wall. When the skater is half way around the circle what is her distance and what is her displacement? Speed and Velocity Practice Problems A runner does a 10K (10 kilometers) in one hour. What is his speed in k/h? m/s? A cyclist travels 4km in 15min. What is her speed in m/s? A runner circles the track exactly 2 times for distance of 800m. It takes 4.0min. What is her average speed in m/s? What is her average velocity? A mom pushes a stroller up and down the mall with an average speed of.6m/s. How far will she go in 30 min? A car averaged 20m/s on a road trip to a city 400km away. How long did the trip take? Acceleration Practice Problems A car s velocity changes from 32 m/s to 96 m/s in an 8.0-s period. What is its acceleration? A supersonic jet flying at 150 m/s is accelerated uniformly at the rate of 22 m/s2 for 20.0 s. What is its final velocity? Determine the displacement of a plane that is uniformly accelerated from 66 m/s to 88 m/s in 12 s. A plane travels 500 m while being accelerated uniformly from rest at the rate of 5.0 m/s2. What final velocity does it attain?

3 Forces How much force is needed to move a 0.1 kg snowball at a rate of 15 m/s 2 upward? At lift-off, an astronaut on the space shuttle experiences an acceleration of approximately 35 m/s 2 upward. What force does an 80 kg astronaut experience during this acceleration? What is the acceleration of a 7 kg mass if a force of 68.6 N is used to move it toward Earth? What is the acceleration of a 0.3 kg ball hit with a force of 20 N? What is the mass of an object if a force of 34 N produces an acceleration of 4 m/s 2? What is the mass of an object if a force of 17 N causes it to accelerate at 1.5 m/s 2? What is the acceleration of a 10 kg object if a force of 3 N is applied to it? How much force is required to accelerate an 1,800 kg truck at 3 m/s 2? Isotopes/Periodic Families An isotope of an element has the same # of and different # of Magnesium-25 has protons and neutrons Cobalt-60 is a highly radioactive isotope. How many neutrons in a Cobalt 60 nucleus? What are valence electrons? Why are valence electrons so important? What is the maximum number of valence electrons that any element can have? What family is known for their lack of reactivity? Which family is known for their reactivity with water? Chemical/Physical Properties and Changes: Circle correct answer Water boils at 100 degrees Celcius: physical property / chemical property Diamonds are capable of cutting glass: physical property / chemical property Water can be separated by electrolysis into hydrogen and oxygen: physical property / chemical property. Sugar is capable of dissolving in water: physical property / chemical property

4 Vinegar will react with baking soda: physical property / chemical property Yeast acts on sugar to form carbon dioxide and ethanol: physical property / chemical property Wood is flammable: physical property / chemical property Aluminum has a low density: physical property / chemical property Ammonia is a gas at room temperature: physical property / chemical property Bromine has a red color: physical property / chemical property Dry ice, solid carbon dioxide, is sublimed at room temperature: physical change / chemical change Salt is dissolved in water: physical change / chemical change Iron rusts in a damp environment: physical change / chemical change Gasoline burns in the presence of oxygen: physical change / chemical change Hydrogen peroxide decomposes to water and oxygen: physical change / chemical change Bohr Model Practice: For each element, write the total number of electrons on the line. Then draw the Bohr Model Diagram. Remember, fill the orbit closest to the nucleus first, but never exceed the number each orbit can hold. Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Argon (Ar) Lewis Dot Diagrams: Draw the Lewis Dot Structures for the following elements: Chlorine (Cl) Magnesium (Mg) Nitrogen (N)

5 Types of Energy: Which of the following is a conversion from chemical energy to thermal energy? A. Coal is burned to boil water. B.Food is digested and used to regulate body temperature. C.Charcoal is burned in a barbeque pit. D. All of the above. Which of the following is the best example of increasing an object's potential energy? A. Rolling a bowling ball B.Turning on a light bulb C.Stretching a rubber band D. Dropping a pencil An object that has kinetic energy must be... A. Lifted above earth's surface. B.In motion. C.At rest. D. None of the above. Sound energy is... A. The energy of a compound that changes as its atoms are rearranged to form new compounds. B.The total energy of the particles that make up an object. C.The energy caused by an object's vibrations. D. The energy of motion. As height increases, so does... A. Thermal energy. B.Mechanical energy. C.Kinetic energy. D. Potential energy. The law of of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. Define energy Work and Power Practice A net force of 825 N is needed to push a car across a lot. Two students apply equal forces to push the car 35 m. How much total work is done in the process? A delivery driver carries a 10 kg package from the ground level to the fifth floor, a total height of 15 m. How much work is done in the process? How much work does the force of gravity do when a 5 kg object falls a distance of 3.5 m? Bond Types: List four characteristic for each type of bond

6 Ionic: Covalent: Metallic: Hydrogen: Bond Compounds: Identify the bond types, explain how you know, and then name the compound Mn(NO3)3 SF2 CS2 CaCl2 SeCl2 Cl2 Balancing equations/rxn Types: Balance these equations and name the type of reaction displayed CO2 Wave Practice: Draw and label a transverse wave Name 3 types of transverse wave Draw and label a longitudinal wave Name 2 types of longitudinal waves Define and given an example: Diffraction, Refraction, Reflection A wave with a frequency of 14 Hz has a wavelength of 3 meters. At what speed will this wave travel?

7 The speed of a wave is 65 m/sec. If the wavelength of the wave is 0.8 meters, what is the frequency of the wave? A wave has a frequency of 46 Hz and a wavelength of 1.7 meters. What is the speed of this wave? A wave traveling at 230 m/sec has a wavelength of 2.1 meters. What is the frequency of this wave? A wave with a frequency of 500 Hz is traveling at a speed of 200 m/s. What is the wavelength? Circuits and Electricity: Draw a series circuit Draw a parallel circuit Find the current through a 12-ohm resistive circuit when 24 volts is applied. Find the resistance of a circuit that draws 0.06 amperes with 12 volts applied. Find the voltage of a circuit that draws 0.2 amperes through a 4800-ohm resistance. A series circuit has 1200-ohms of total resistance with 12 V as the power supply. What is the total current of this circuit? A transformer is connected to 120 volts. Find the current if the resistance is 480-ohms? A circuit consists of a 12 V battery connected across a single resistor. If the current in the circuit is 3 A, what is the resistance? If a small appliance is rated at a current of 10 amps and a voltage of 120 volts, what is the power? Magnetism: Compare and contrast a permanent and temporary magnet Give four characteristics of magnets Where is a magnetic field the strongest? What is a naturally occurring magnet (1 stone, 3 elements)? Define and name 3 characteristics of electromagnets.

8 Nuclear Decay: fill in the missing element and then name the type of reaction ½ Life Decay Potassium-42 has a half-life of 12.4 hours. How much of an 848 g sample of potassium-42 will be left after 62.0 hours? Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 y. How much of a 144 g sample of carbon-14 will remain after y? If the half-life of uranium-235 is y and 12.5 g of uranium-235 remain after y, how much of the radioactive isotope was in the original sample?