composition of matter, and the changes that matter undergoes. Examples of Uses of Chemistry in Everyday Life

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "composition of matter, and the changes that matter undergoes. Examples of Uses of Chemistry in Everyday Life"

Transcription

1 Name Matter and Change: Unit Objective Study Guide Date Due Directions: Write your answers to the following questions in the space provided. For problem solving, all of the work leading up to the final answer must be shown in order to receive credit. No credit will be given for magic answers. 1. Define chemistry and give examples of everyday uses of chemistry. Chemistry the study of the structure, properties, and composition of matter, and the changes that matter undergoes. Examples of Uses of Chemistry in Everyday Life Eating, Driving a car, Baking, etc. 2. List and describe the six branches of chemistry. a. b. c. d. e. f. 1

2 3. Describe the importance of models and give some examples. What is a model? A model is a visual, verbal, and/or mathematical explanation of experimental data. What can models be used for? Give some examples of models. Model of the atom, computer model of a storm 4. Differentiate between observations and inferences. What is an observation? How are observations made? An observation is information obtained through your five senses. Example: The lights are off in the house. What is an inference? An inference is a possible explanation based upon observations and previous knowledge. Example: Since you notice that the lights are off in the house, you infer that no one is home. 5. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative observations and give an example of each. Qualitative factual descriptions that do not use numbers Example: The candle is long and skinny. Quantitative factual descriptions that do use numbers Example: The candle is 12 long. 2

3 6. List and describe the typical steps of the scientific method. a. Ask a question. b. Gather information. c. Formulate a hypothesis d. Conduct an experiment e. Record and analyze data f. Report Results 7. Define matter, mass, volume, and weight. Matter anything that has mass and volume (takes up space) Mass the amount of matter in an object Volume the amount of space an object takes up Weight the response of mass to the pull of gravity 3

4 8. Differentiate between mass and weight. If an astronaut went to a different planet would the mass of the astronaut change? Explain your answer. The mass of the astronaut would not change because the mass of an object is dependent upon the amount of matter in the object. The mass of an object is not affected by gravity. Would the astronaut s weight change? Explain your answer. The astronaut s weight would change. Weight changes with changes in gravity. If the gravitational pull on the other planet were greater, the astronaut would weigh more. If the gravitational pull on the other planet were smaller, the astronaut would weigh less. 9. Describe the three most common phases (states) of matter and the characteristics of each. Draw pictures representing the arrangement of particles in the three phases of matter. solid liquid gas Complete the following table. State Fluid Compressible Rigid Definite Shape Definite Volume solid no no yes yes yes liquid yes no no no yes gas yes yes no no no 4

5 10. Define viscosity and describe the factors that affect it. Viscosity the resistance of a fluid to flow Describe how each of the following affects the viscosity of a liquid. a. temperature As a l iquid gets warmer, its viscosity b. shape and size of molecule large, bumpy molecules create c. intermolecular forces of attraction the stronger the attractive forces between the molecules, the harder it is for the molecules to slide past one another. The stronger the intermolecular forces of attraction, the greater the v iscosity. 5

6 11. Define density and describe the factors that affect it. Density the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume What is the formula for calculating density? Why must the temperature be given when stating the density of a substance? Generally, as the temperature of a substance increases, the density decreases. This is because the molecules move farther apart from each other causing the volume to increase without changing the mass. Does the density of a substance depend upon the amount of the substance you have? Explain your answer. The density of a substance is an intensive physical property and does not depend upon the amount of the substance you have. For example, if you cut a block of wood in half, the mass and volume will both change proportionally. 6

7 12. Experimentally determine the density of different solids or liquids. Describe how you would find the density of each of the following in the laboratory. a. small rock First determine the mass of the small rock on a balance. Next determine the volume of the rock by water displacement. Half fill a 100 ml graduated cylinder with water and record the volume. Carefully place the rock in the water. Record the new volume. The volume of the rock is the difference between the final volume and the original volume. Divide the mass of the rock by the volume of the rock to find the density. b. rectangular piece of aluminum First determine the mass of the piece of aluminum on a balance. Next use a ruler to measure the length, width, and height of the piece of aluminum. Multiply the length, width, and height to find the volume. Divide the mass of the aluminum by the volume of the aluminum to find the density. c. vegetable oil First measure the mass of an empty 10 ml graduated cylinder. Add some vegetable oil to the graduated cylinder. Record the volume. Measure the mass of the graduated cylinder with the vegetable oil in it. The mass of the vegetable oil is the difference between the mass of the graduated cylinder with the vegetable oil in it and the mass of the empty graduated cylinder. Divide the mass of the vegetable oil by the volume of the vegetable oil to find the density. 7

8 13. Use the formula D=m/V to calculate any of the missing variables. a. Calculate the density of an object with a mass of 90.0 g and a volume of 65.0 cm 3. Would the object float in water? Explain your answer g D = m V = 65.0 cm 3 = 1.38 g/cm3 The object would not float in water because it has a higher density than water. (The density of water = 1.0 g/cm 3.) b. A sample of a liquid has a mass of 9.0 g and a density of 1.20 g/ml. What volume does the liquid occupy? V = m D = 9.0 g 1.20 g/ml = 7.5 g/ml c. A metal object has a density of 2.70 g/cm 3. The object has the following dimensions 4.0 cm 2.0 cm 2.0 cm. What is the mass of the object? 14. Differentiate between physical properties and chemical properties and give examples of each. Physical Property A physical property of a substance is a property which can be observed or measured without changing the substance s chemical composition. Examples: mass, volume, density, color, melting point Chemical Property A chemical property of a substance describes the ability of a substance to undergo chemical reactions and form new substances. Examples: flammability, reactivity to air, reactivity to acid 8

9 15. Classify physical properties as intensive or extensive. Intensive A physical property that remains the same no atter how much of a substance is present Examples: density, color, melting point Extensive A physical property that is dependent upon the am ount of substance present. Examples: mass, volume, length 16. Differentiate between chemical changes and physical changes and give examples of each. Physical Change A type of change that alters the physical properties of a substance but does not change its chemical composition. Examples: folding a piece of paper, dissolving salt in water, melting ice Chemical Change A type of change that results in the production of a new (different) substance with different physical and chemical properties. Examples: burning paper, reacting a metal with acid, oxidat ion of iron (rusting) 9

10 17. List four indications that a chemical change (chemical reaction) has occurred. a. Chang e in color or odor b. Ch ange in energy (endothermic or exothermic). c. Production of a gas (bubbling). d. Format ion of a precipitate. 18. Define reactant(s) and product(s). Identify the reactant(s) and product(s) of a chemical reaction. Reactant(s) starting substances in a chemical reaction. Theactants are written on the left side of the arrow. Product(s) substances produced by a chemical reaction. The roducts are written on the right side of the arrow. Write an example of a chemical reaction and identify the reactant(s) and product(s). 2NaCl(s) 2Na(s) + Cl 2 (g) Reactant: NaCl Prod 10

11 19. State the Law of Conservation of Mass and use it to determine the mass or a reactant or product involved in a reaction. Law of Conservation of Mass Mass can be neither created nor destroyed in an ordinary chemical or physicalprocess g of sodium metal reacts with g of chlorine gas to produce sodium chloride. What mass of sodium chloride is produced? Mass of reactants = mass of product g g = g A student conducted an experiment in the lab in which he reacted baking soda with vinegar. When the student measured the mass of the products, he found that the product mass was less than the reactant mass. Give an explanation for his results. The student produced a gas. The gas was not captured and its mass was not included when determining the mass of the products. 20. Define energy and give examples of different forms of energy. Energy the capacity for doing work Examples: chemical, nuclear, electrical, radiant, mechanical, thermal, solar 21. Differentiate between kinetic energy and potential energy. Kinetic energy the energy an object has due to its motion What factors affect kinetic energy? mass, velocity Potential energy the energy an object has due to its position or composition What factors affect potential energy?he ground, chemical composition 11

12 22. State the Law of Conservation of Energy and give an example of how this would apply to a chemical reaction. Law of Conservation of Energy in any chemical or physical process, energy may change from one form to another, but it is neither created nor destroyed. A chemical reaction releases energy in the form of heat and light. Where did the energy released come from? The energy released was originally stored in the chemical bonds of the reactants. 23. Distinguish between endothermic and exothermic reactions and draw reaction diagrams for both. Endothermic reaction A chemical reaction in which a greater amount of energy is required to break the existing bonds in the reactants than is released when the new bonds form in the product molecules. Exothermic reaction A chemical reaction in which more energy is released than is required to break bonds in the initi al reaction Reaction Diagram - Endothermic Reaction Reaction Diagram - Exothermic Reaction 12

13 24. Identify reactions as endothermic or exothermic. Classify each of the following as endothermic or exothermic. a. CH 4 + 2O 2 CO 2 + 2H 2 O + energy Exothermic b. A test tube containing a white solid is heated and the white solid decomposes. Endothermic c. A student adds sodium bicarbonate to a test tube containing hydrochloric acid. When the student touches the test tube she notices that it is cold. Endothermic 25. Differentiate between elements, compounds, and mixtures. Consider the following when differentiating between them: Composition, Properties, Method used to separate components, homogeneous or heterogeneous. Element a pure substance made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. Elements are homeneous. Compound a pure substance which is a chemical comination of two or more different types of elements. A compound can be broken down into simpler subby chemical means and has properties different from those Mixture a physical combination of two or more pure substances in any proportions in which each of the substances retains its individual properties; can be Mixtures have a variable composition and compounds have a definite composition. Explain what this means. be combined in different ratios. For example, two different glasses of salt water could contain different amounts of salt or water. 13

14 26. Classify substances or mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous. 27. Classify things as elements, compounds, or mixtures. Define homogeneous matter that has the same composition throughout Define heterogeneous matter that does not have the same composition throughout What is a pure substance? Are pure substances homogeneous or heterogeneous? A pure substance is a sample of matter, either an element or a compound, that consist of only one and a definite composition. Pure substances are homogeneous. What is a mixture? Are mixtures homogeneous or heterogeneous? A mixture is a physical combination of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means. A mixture can be homogeneous (solution) or Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. Then classify them as homogeneous or heterogeneous. Give a reason for your answer. a. iron filings pure substance, homogeneous, iron is an element b. table salt pure substance, homogeneous, sodium chloride is a compound c. air mixture, homogeneous, air is a mixture of different gases d. vinegar and oil dressing mixture, heterogeneous, vinegar and oil settle 14

15 28. Use a period table to name elements, given their symbols. 29. Use the periodic table to write the symbols of elements, given their names. Complete the following table. Name Symbol Name Symbol Carbon C Lead Pb Helium He Sodium Na Oxygen O Potassium K 30. Describe the arrangement of the periodic table. number The elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic. Elements within the same have similar chemical properties. Group or Family vertical column in the periodic table How are the Groups or Families labeled on the periodic table? How many are there? They are labeled 1-18 or 1A, 2A, etc at the top of the group. There are 18 groups Period horizontal row in the periodic table How are the Periods labeled on the periodic table? How many are there? They are labeled 1-7 at the left of the period. There are 7 periods. Location of Metals: Left side of periodic table Examples of Metals: Silver, Sodium, Mercury, Gold, Copper, Magnesium Location of Nonmetals: Right side of periodic table ( Examples of Nonmetals: Hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, sulfur, carbon, fluorine Location of Metalloids: Between the metals and nonmetals -p Examples of Metalloids: Boron, Silicon, Antimony, Tellurium, Germanium, Arsenic 15

16 31. List the characteristics that distinguish metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Complete the following table. malleable/ductile brittle metal yes no nonmetal metalloid no some are/some aren t Conductor of heat and electricity Solid, Liquid or Gas at room temperature good Mostly Solids conductor (Hg is a liquid) poor solids, liquids conductor or gases yes semiconductor all are solids some are/some aren t 16

How is matter classified?

How is matter classified? Matter How is matter classified? AP Chemistry (1 of 45) AP Chemistry (2 of 45) Solids Liquids AP Chemistry (3 of 45) AP Chemistry (4 of 45) Gases Classification Scheme for Matter AP Chemistry (5 of 45)

More information

Chapter 1. Matter. 1.1 What is Chemistry. 1.2 The Scientific Method:

Chapter 1. Matter. 1.1 What is Chemistry. 1.2 The Scientific Method: Chapter 1. Matter 1.1 What is Chemistry CHEMISTRY The study of the structure, composition, properties and reactions of matter and the energy changes associated with matter. In other words the study of

More information

Matter and Change. Chapter 1

Matter and Change. Chapter 1 Matter and Change Chapter 1 What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. What does Chemistry do? Chemistry deals with

More information

Chemistry Final Study Guide KEY. 3. Define physical changes. A change in any physical property of a substance, not in the substance itself.

Chemistry Final Study Guide KEY. 3. Define physical changes. A change in any physical property of a substance, not in the substance itself. Chemistry Final Study Guide KEY Unit 2: Matter & Its Properties, Lesson 1: Physical and Chemical Properties & Changes 1. Define physical properties. The characteristics of a substance that can be observed

More information

Chapter 2 Matter and Change. Charles Page High School Pre-AP Chemistry Stephen L. Cotton

Chapter 2 Matter and Change. Charles Page High School Pre-AP Chemistry Stephen L. Cotton Chapter 2 Matter and Change 1 Charles Page High School Pre-AP Chemistry Stephen L. Cotton Section 2.1 Properties of Matter OBJECTIVES: Identify properties of matter as extensive or intensive. 2 Section

More information

5. All isotopes of a given element must have the same (A) atomic mass (B) atomic number (C) mass number (D) number of neutrons

5. All isotopes of a given element must have the same (A) atomic mass (B) atomic number (C) mass number (D) number of neutrons 1. Which substance can be decomposed by a chemical change? (A) beryllium (B) boron (C) methanol (D) magnesium 2. The particles in a crystalline solid are arranged (A) randomly and far apart (B) randomly

More information

Modern Chemistry Chapter 1 Matter and Changes. Sections 2 & 3 Matter and Its Properties Elements

Modern Chemistry Chapter 1 Matter and Changes. Sections 2 & 3 Matter and Its Properties Elements Modern Chemistry Chapter 1 Matter and Changes Sections 2 & 3 Matter and Its Properties Elements 1 Chapter Vocabulary Mass Matter Atom Element Extensive property Intensive property Physical property Physical

More information

6 th Grade Introduction to Chemistry

6 th Grade Introduction to Chemistry Lesson 1 (Describing Matter) 6 th Grade Introduction to Chemistry Matter anything that has mass and takes up space All the stuff in the natural world is matter. Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Chemistry

More information

Molecules, Compounds, and Crystals

Molecules, Compounds, and Crystals Matter: Properties and Change Atoms and Elements 1. Matter is anything that has mass and volume. All substances are made up of different types of matter. 2. Mass is the amount of matter in a substance.

More information

How to Use This Presentation

How to Use This Presentation How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow with effects select View on the menu bar and click on Slide Show. To advance through the presentation, click the right-arrow key or

More information

Matter: Properties and Changes. Chapter 3.1: Properties of Matter

Matter: Properties and Changes. Chapter 3.1: Properties of Matter Matter: Properties and Changes Chapter 3.1: Properties of Matter Substances Review: Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter with uniform and unchanging composition is pure substance.

More information

Science Grade 5 Chapter 5: Comparing Kinds of Matter Lesson2: Elements

Science Grade 5 Chapter 5: Comparing Kinds of Matter Lesson2: Elements Element: is a material that cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical reactions. o There are 118 elements o Most elements are solids, some are gasses and few are liquid at room temperature

More information

Matter Properties and Change

Matter Properties and Change Matter Properties and Change Section 3.1 Properties of Matter Section 3.2 Changes in Matter Section 3.3 Mixtures of Matter Section 3.4 Elements and Compounds Click a hyperlink or folder tab to view the

More information

Chapter 1. Objectives. Define chemistry. List examples of the branches of chemistry.

Chapter 1. Objectives. Define chemistry. List examples of the branches of chemistry. Section 1 Chemistry Is a Physical Science Objectives Define chemistry. List examples of the branches of chemistry. Compare and contrast basic research, applied research, and technological development.

More information

CHEM1301. F2014 Chapter 1 and 3

CHEM1301. F2014 Chapter 1 and 3 CHEM1301 F2014 Chapter 1 and 3 Chemistry:Why am I here? Chemistry The science that seeks to understand the behavior of matter by studying the BEHAVIOR of atoms and molecules. Not just a cause and effect

More information

Crash Course on Nucleus

Crash Course on Nucleus II. Chemistry Crash Course on Nucleus A. Atomic Theory 1. Atom a. Most basic unit of matter - building block b. Can t be broken down further and still retain its properties c. Identified by the number

More information

Name Date Block. 3. Label a, b and c, of the atomic structure below with the proper terms (hint: #1 )

Name Date Block. 3. Label a, b and c, of the atomic structure below with the proper terms (hint: #1 ) Name Date Block CFA #1 Review You will have approximately 5 minutes at each station to record your answers. You may use your notebook as a reference. WORK EFFICIENTLY & STAY FOCUSED! YOU GOT THIS! Station

More information

2 THE NATURE OF MATTER

2 THE NATURE OF MATTER 2 THE NATURE OF MATTER I. Tick ( ) the most appropriate answer. 1. Gases have (a) infinite free surfaces (b) two free surfaces (c) one free surface (d) no free surfaces 2. Solids have (a) definite volume,

More information

Name Date Class MATTER AND CHANGE. SECTION 2.1 PROPERTIES OF MATTER (pages 39 42)

Name Date Class MATTER AND CHANGE. SECTION 2.1 PROPERTIES OF MATTER (pages 39 42) 2 MATTER AND CHANGE SECTION 2.1 PROPERTIES OF MATTER (pages 39 42) This section helps you distinguish extensive from intensive properties and identify substances by their properties. It teaches you how

More information

Station 1: Atoms and Elements. positive neutral negative

Station 1: Atoms and Elements. positive neutral negative Name Chemistry Review You will have approximately 5 minutes at each station to record your answers. You may use your notebook as a reference. WORK EFFICIENTLY & STAY FOCUSED! YOU GOT THIS! Station 1: Atoms

More information

Matter and Change. Introductory Concepts for Physical Science or Chemistry

Matter and Change. Introductory Concepts for Physical Science or Chemistry Matter and Change Introductory Concepts for Physical Science or Chemistry Properties of Matter Matter Anything that has mass and occupies space VOLUME WEIGHT RELIABILITY How does one describe the quantities

More information

Fundamentals of General, Organic & Biological Chemistry 4 th Edition. Matter and Life

Fundamentals of General, Organic & Biological Chemistry 4 th Edition. Matter and Life Fundamentals of General, Organic & Biological Chemistry 4 th Edition Chapter One Matter and Life Mohammed Hashmat Ali Southeast Missouri State University 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 1.1 Chemistry: The Central

More information

Chapter 1 and Sections

Chapter 1 and Sections Chapter 1 and Sections 3.1-3.3 Major Goals of Chapter 1: 1. Define the term chemistry. 2. Identify substances (matter) as chemicals. 3. Describe some physical and chemical properties of matter. 4. Describe

More information

There is more here than would be on the test, but this is a good example of the types of questions you will encounter.

There is more here than would be on the test, but this is a good example of the types of questions you will encounter. Test Study Materials There is more here than would be on the test, but this is a good example of the types of questions you will encounter. Chapter 1 38. Define matter. Explain what is meant by mass and

More information

Chemistry Chapter 1 Section 1 bjective 1: Define Chemistry Objective 2: List The Branches of Chemistry.

Chemistry Chapter 1 Section 1 bjective 1: Define Chemistry Objective 2: List The Branches of Chemistry. Chemistry Chapter 1 Section 1: Objective 1: Define Chemistry Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes, traditionally a physical science.

More information

Notes: Matter & Change (text Ch. 1 &10)

Notes: Matter & Change (text Ch. 1 &10) Name Per. Notes: Matter & Change (text Ch. 1 &10) NOTE: This set of class notes is not complete. We will be filling in information in class. If you are absent, it is your responsibility to get missing

More information

Physical Science Study Guide

Physical Science Study Guide Name: Class: Date: Physical Science Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Mendeleev arranged the known chemical elements in a table

More information

Chemistry I Notes Unit 1. Chemistry study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes.

Chemistry I Notes Unit 1. Chemistry study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. Chemistry I Notes Unit 1 Chemistry study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. Questions of Chemistry 1. What is the material made of? 2. What it its makeup

More information

Name: 8 th Grade Science STAAR. Review Booklet. My STAAR Goal: The Science Duo

Name: 8 th Grade Science STAAR. Review Booklet. My STAAR Goal: The Science Duo Name: 8 th Grade Science STAAR Review Booklet My STAAR Goal: Table of Contents: Matter and Energy Matter and Energy Vocabulary Page 3-5 Atomic Structure Page 6 Arrangement of the Periodic Table Page 7

More information

Intensive Properties are Independent.

Intensive Properties are Independent. Chapter 3: Matter- Properties and Changes Section 3.1: Properties of Matter SUBSTANCE: matter that has an uniform and unchanging composition EXAMPLES: gold, pure water, iron, aluminum PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

More information

Elements, Compounds Mixtures Physical and Chemical Changes

Elements, Compounds Mixtures Physical and Chemical Changes Elements, Compounds Mixtures Physical and Chemical Changes Fundamentals of Chemistry 1 Classification of Matter Matter is any substance having distinct physical characteristics and chemical properties.

More information

Chemistry Chapter 1 Test Review

Chemistry Chapter 1 Test Review Chemistry Chapter 1 Test Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A chemical can be defined as a. a toxic substance. b. an unnatural additive

More information

What is Matter? How can matter be classified? Every sample of matter is either an element, a compound, or a mixture.

What is Matter? How can matter be classified? Every sample of matter is either an element, a compound, or a mixture. Matter Section 1 What is Matter? How can matter be classified? Every sample of matter is either an element, a compound, or a mixture. matter: anything that has mass and takes up space Matter Section 1

More information

Notes: Matter and Change

Notes: Matter and Change Name Chemistry-PAP Notes: Matter and Change Period: I. What is Chemistry? is the study of composition, structure, and properties of matter and energy associated with the changes it undergoes. is defined

More information

Matter and Change. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday. Textbook Activity. Meet in B122. Hw: pg 7 Hw: pg 4. Matter Review

Matter and Change. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday. Textbook Activity. Meet in B122. Hw: pg 7 Hw: pg 4. Matter Review Matter and Change Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday SEPTEMBER 1 2 3 4 5 NO SCHOOL Matter & Change Classifying Matter Textbook Activity Meet in B122 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Indiana

More information

Physical Science Midterm Review

Physical Science Midterm Review Chapter 1: Science Skills, pages 2-25 1. What is science? Science is a system of knowledge and the methods you use to find that knowledge. 2. What is the relationship between science and technology? Science

More information

Atoms and Elements Class Notes and Class Work

Atoms and Elements Class Notes and Class Work Atoms and Elements Class Notes and Class Work Introduction to Matter Property: Characteristics matter has. Law: A rule nature seems to follow. It s been observed regularly. Theory: Tries to explain the

More information

Elements and the Periodic Table

Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 7 Elements and the Periodic Table What are metals like? Think of things that are made with metals like aluminum, copper, iron, and gold. What do they have in common? They are usually shiny, and

More information

CHEMISTRY. Everything is made of matter. Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms.

CHEMISTRY. Everything is made of matter. Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms. CHEMISTRY Everything is made of matter. Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms. Everything in the world (every substance) is composed of one or more elements. Elements are pure substances, which

More information

Chemistry: The Science of Matter CHAPTER

Chemistry: The Science of Matter CHAPTER Reviewing Vocabulary Choose from the terms below to complete each statement. alloy element mass quantitative aqueous solutions endothermic matter scientific model chemical change energy mixture solute

More information

Name: Period: (A) UNIT 1 TEST: MATTER. Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Name: Period: (A) UNIT 1 TEST: MATTER. Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. UNIT 1 TEST: MATTER Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is NOT a pure substance? a. b. c. d. 2. The following

More information

Chapter 2. Section 1

Chapter 2. Section 1 Chapter 2 Section 1 Describing Matter Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive Extensive property - depends on the amount of matter in a sample. Ex. Mass and Volume

More information

Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide Fall Semester

Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide Fall Semester Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide Fall Semester Name: Date: Class: Basics of Science (Ch 1) 1. Briefly describe what occurs in each step of the scientific method: 1. Problem/Question 2. Research 3. Hypothesis

More information

CP Chemistry Study Guide Test 1 (Ch 1 and 2)

CP Chemistry Study Guide Test 1 (Ch 1 and 2) Key Concepts: CP Chemistry Study Guide Test 1 (Ch 1 and 2) What is alchemy and how did it influence chemistry? What are the steps to the scientific method? Why are communication and collaboration important

More information

Physical and Chemical Changes & Properties of Matter

Physical and Chemical Changes & Properties of Matter Physical and Chemical Changes & Properties of Matter S8P1. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the structure and properties of matter. 8P1CD Physical And Chemical Properties And Changes

More information

ANSWER KEY. Introduction to Matter

ANSWER KEY. Introduction to Matter Chapter Project Worksheet 1 1. The object to be massed is placed on one side of the balance. Objects with known masses are placed on the other side of the arm until the balance arm is level. 2. Sample

More information

Physical Science Final Examination-Review Sheet (14-15) KEY. 1. A process used to answer questions or solve problems is called scientific inquiry.

Physical Science Final Examination-Review Sheet (14-15) KEY. 1. A process used to answer questions or solve problems is called scientific inquiry. Physical Science Final Examination-Review Sheet (14-15) KEY 1. A process used to answer questions or solve problems is called scientific inquiry. 2. Anything that has mass and takes up space is matter.

More information

UNIT 2 PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

UNIT 2 PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES UNIT 2 PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES What Is Matter? How matter is made of Elements? What atoms make up? Theory Law and Hypothesis Physical and Chemical Changes Heterogenous and Homogenous Substances

More information

Section 1: Elements Pages 56-59

Section 1: Elements Pages 56-59 Study Guide Chapter 3 Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures Section 1: Elements Pages 56-59 1. Which of the following processes is NOT a physical or chemical change? a. crushing b. weighing c. melting d. passing

More information

Matter and Change. Chapter 1

Matter and Change. Chapter 1 Matter and Change Chapter 1 Anything that bites or scratches is biology. Anything that snaps or bubbles is chemistry. Anything that doesn t work is physics. Chemistry is the study of composition, structure

More information

Pure substances = matter that has the same composition throughout; any piece of a pure substance will have the same properties

Pure substances = matter that has the same composition throughout; any piece of a pure substance will have the same properties Ch. 2 - Properties of Matter Composition A putting together; combining of parts into a whole. Substances are either pure or mixtures. Pure substances = matter that has the same composition throughout;

More information

Metric System: 1. The basic unit of length in the metric system is the (a) kilometer (b) mile (c) foot (d) meter (e) none of these 2.

Metric System: 1. The basic unit of length in the metric system is the (a) kilometer (b) mile (c) foot (d) meter (e) none of these 2. Metric System: 1. The basic unit of length in the metric system is the (a) kilometer (b) mile (c) foot (d) meter (e) none of these 2. The basic unit of mass in the metric system is the _ (a) gram (b) kilogram

More information

Ceres Software Corporation. Chemistry Worksheets.

Ceres Software Corporation. Chemistry Worksheets. Ceres Software Corporation Chemistry Worksheets www.ceressoft.org ceressoftware@hotmail.com CHAPTER 03 PROPERTIES OF MATTER --------------------------------- AIR: its density is 0.0013 g/cm 3 ALUMINUM:

More information

States & Properties of Matter. Unit 1 Topics 4 & 5

States & Properties of Matter. Unit 1 Topics 4 & 5 States & Properties of Matter Unit 1 Topics 4 & 5 Pure Substances Topic 4 - Elements and Compounds Elements Pure substances that only contain one kind of atom and cannot be separated into a simpler substance.

More information

Matter and Its Properties

Matter and Its Properties Section 2 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D Main Ideas Atoms are the building blocks of matter. All substances have characteristic properties. Matter can be a pure substance or a mixture. 4A differentiate between physical

More information

Name May 2, 2012 Physical Behavior of Matter and Bonding Review

Name May 2, 2012 Physical Behavior of Matter and Bonding Review Name May 2, 2012 Physical Behavior of Matter and Bonding Review Base your answers to questions 1 through 3 on the information below. Starting as a gas at 206 C, a sample of a substance is allowed to cool

More information

Name May 2, 2012 Physical Behavior of Matter and Bonding Review

Name May 2, 2012 Physical Behavior of Matter and Bonding Review Name May 2, 2012 Physical Behavior of Matter and Bonding Review Base your answers to questions 1 through 3 on the information below. Starting as a gas at 206 C, a sample of a substance is allowed to cool

More information

Matter and Energy. Section 2.1 Chapter 2. Representations of Matter: Models and Symbols. Goal 1. Goal 2

Matter and Energy. Section 2.1 Chapter 2. Representations of Matter: Models and Symbols. Goal 1. Goal 2 Section 2.1 Chapter 2 Matter and Energy Representations of Matter: Models and Symbols Goal 1 Goal 2 Identify and explain the difference among observations of matter at the macroscopic, microscopic, and

More information

Final Review -- Chemistry Fall Semester Period Date. Using the word bank provided on each page, complete the following study guide.

Final Review -- Chemistry Fall Semester Period Date. Using the word bank provided on each page, complete the following study guide. Final Review -- Chemistry Fall Semester Name Period Date Using the word bank provided on each page, complete the following study guide. boiling points chemistry colloids compound element filter paper formula

More information

Pure substances = matter that has the same composition throughout; any piece of a pure substance will have the same properties

Pure substances = matter that has the same composition throughout; any piece of a pure substance will have the same properties Ch. 2 - Properties of Matter Composition A putting together; combining of parts into a whole. Substances are either pure or mixtures. Pure substances = matter that has the same composition throughout;

More information

Chapter 2 The Chemical View of Matter

Chapter 2 The Chemical View of Matter Chapter 2 The Chemical View of Matter MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is not one of the common states of matter? a. solid b. plasma c. liquid d. gas 2. Which of the following is one of the classes

More information

Name: Date: Class Notes Chemistry. Energy is the ability to move or change matter.

Name: Date: Class Notes Chemistry. Energy is the ability to move or change matter. Name: Date: Class Notes Chemistry Energy Energy is the ability to move or change matter. Everything in the universe consists of two things: energy and matter. Actually, energy and matter are different

More information

The Periodic Table. run vertically on the periodic table (up and down).

The Periodic Table. run vertically on the periodic table (up and down). Lesson Objective: The Periodic Table Science 8.5B Interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements 8.2E Analyze data

More information

Chemical Bonds & Reactions

Chemical Bonds & Reactions Chemical Bonds & Reactions Chemical Bonding Do you understand how it works? What do you think when I pull out a bag of candy? I want that candy cause I don t have any! Does everyone think the same thing?

More information

Notes: Unit 2: Matter

Notes: Unit 2: Matter Name: Regents Chemistry: Notes: Unit 2: Matter Key Ideas 1. Matter is classified as a pure substance or as a mixture of substances. (3.1q) 2. The three phases of matter (solids, liquids, and gases) have

More information

What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and volume.

What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and volume. MATTER What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and volume. There are 3 States of Matter: Across the top of your notes write 1. SOLID 2. LIQUID 3. GAS SOLIDS hold their shape have definite volume

More information

CHAPTER 1: Chemistry, An Introduction

CHAPTER 1: Chemistry, An Introduction CHAPTER 1: Chemistry, An Introduction science: the study of nature to explain what one observes 1.4 THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD: How Chemists Think Applying the Scientific Method 1. Make an observation, and

More information

Grade 8 Science Unit 2 Test» Form A (Master Copy) Directions: Please choose the best answer choice for each of the following questions.

Grade 8 Science Unit 2 Test» Form A (Master Copy) Directions: Please choose the best answer choice for each of the following questions. Directions: Please choose the best answer choice for each of the following questions. 1. Which of the following could be a molecule BUT not a compound? a pair of atoms of the same element a collection

More information

Review. 8th grade science STAAR. Name Class. Underline your strong TEKS and circle your weak TEKS: 8.5A Atoms. 7.5C Energy Flow Through Ecosystems

Review. 8th grade science STAAR. Name Class. Underline your strong TEKS and circle your weak TEKS: 8.5A Atoms. 7.5C Energy Flow Through Ecosystems 8th grade science STAAR Review Name Class Underline your strong TEKS and circle your weak TEKS: 8.5A Atoms 7.5C Energy Flow Through Ecosystems 8.5B Reactivity 8.5C Periodic Table 8.5D Chemical Formulas

More information

Elements,Compounds and Mixtures

Elements,Compounds and Mixtures BASIC CONCEPTS: Elements,s and s 1. The smallest fundamental particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of the element is called an atom. 2. A pure substance that cannot be split up into

More information

CHAPTER 3: MATTER. Active Learning Questions: 1-6, 9, 13-14; End-of-Chapter Questions: 1-18, 20, 24-32, 38-42, 44, 49-52, 55-56, 61-64

CHAPTER 3: MATTER. Active Learning Questions: 1-6, 9, 13-14; End-of-Chapter Questions: 1-18, 20, 24-32, 38-42, 44, 49-52, 55-56, 61-64 CHAPTER 3: MATTER Active Learning Questions: 1-6, 9, 13-14; End-of-Chapter Questions: 1-18, 20, 24-32, 38-42, 44, 49-52, 55-56, 61-64 3.1 MATTER Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies volume We study

More information

Chemistry Chapter 1.1. Matter and Change

Chemistry Chapter 1.1. Matter and Change Chemistry Chapter 1.1 Matter and Change 1.1 Chemistry is a Physical Science Objectives 1. Define chemistry. 2. List examples of the branches of chemistry. 3. Compare and contrast basic research, applied

More information

MATTER & ENERGY STUDY GUIDE. 9 Weeks Test Date: Parent Signature (BONUS!):

MATTER & ENERGY STUDY GUIDE. 9 Weeks Test Date: Parent Signature (BONUS!): Name: Pd: MATTER & ENERGY STUDY GUIDE 9 Weeks Test Date: Parent Signature (BONUS!): 6.5A MATTER Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Give EXAMPLES and NON-EXAMPLES of matter. (42) EXAMPLES

More information

Observing Chemical Change - 5.1

Observing Chemical Change - 5.1 Observing Chemical Change - 5.1 Vocabulary: Physical change - Chemical change - Reactant Product Precipitate Exothermic reaction - Endothermic reaction - Properties of matter: Two kinds of properties of

More information

CHAPTER ONE. The Foundations of Chemistry

CHAPTER ONE. The Foundations of Chemistry CHAPTER ONE The Foundations of Chemistry Red pigment CHAPTER 1 The Foundations of Chemistry The rose on the right is in an atmosphere of sulfur dioxide, SO 2. Gaseous SO 2 and aqueous solutions of HSO

More information

Chemistry: The Study of Change Chang & Goldsby 12 th edition

Chemistry: The Study of Change Chang & Goldsby 12 th edition Chemistry: The Study of Change Chang & Goldsby 12 th edition modified by Dr. Hahn Chapter 1 Chemistry: A Science for the 21 st Century (2) Materials and Technology Polymers, liquid crystals photovoltaic

More information

Chemistry Foundations of Chemistry Test. This is due:

Chemistry Foundations of Chemistry Test. This is due: Chemistry Foundations of Chemistry Test This is due: Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper (or on this paper if you have room), staple to this paper (if you used a separate

More information

Solid- has definite shape and volume and is not compressible. Liquid- (fluid) Flows; it has a fixed volume, and takes the shape of its container.

Solid- has definite shape and volume and is not compressible. Liquid- (fluid) Flows; it has a fixed volume, and takes the shape of its container. 1 Chemistry 2. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. Examples: Air Oxygen Table Chair Water. Find mass using Find the volume of Find the volume of a a balance a liquid and an irregular regular

More information

PROPERTIES OF MATTER

PROPERTIES OF MATTER PROPERTIES OF MATTER LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER Matter cannot be created nor destroyed, it can only be changed from one form to another. Matter and energy are interchangeable according to E=mc 2 (E=amount

More information

Chapter 3-1. proton positive nucleus 1 amu neutron zero nucleus 1 amu electron negative on energy levels around the nucleus very small

Chapter 3-1. proton positive nucleus 1 amu neutron zero nucleus 1 amu electron negative on energy levels around the nucleus very small Chapter 3-1 Sub-atomic Charge Location Mass Particle proton positive nucleus 1 amu neutron zero nucleus 1 amu electron negative on energy levels around the nucleus very small The most mass of the atom

More information

Matter & It s Properties. Chapter 1

Matter & It s Properties. Chapter 1 Matter & It s Properties Chapter 1 Matter Mass: A measure of the amount of matter. -Volume: The amount of 3D space an object occupies -All matter has volume -Matter: Anything that has mass & takes up space.

More information

ChemCom Unit IA PRACTICE Test

ChemCom Unit IA PRACTICE Test Name: Class: _ Date: _ ChemCom Unit IA PRACTICE Test 2014-15 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following observations would

More information

UNIT 2: Matter and its changes. Mrs. Turner

UNIT 2: Matter and its changes. Mrs. Turner UNIT 2: Matter and its changes Mrs. Turner Preassessment Take out a sheet of paper and number it from 1-25. Write down your answers to plug them into your clickers. Don t worry about not knowing an answer

More information

3. Which of the following processes are physical changes? Which are chemical changes? a. combustion. i. boiling b. melting c. dissolving d.

3. Which of the following processes are physical changes? Which are chemical changes? a. combustion. i. boiling b. melting c. dissolving d. Physical/Chemical Prop s and es WORKSHEET #1 1. A physical property is observed with the senses and can be determined without destroying the object. Examples of physical properties include mass, shape,

More information

CHEMISTRY NOTES. Elements and the periodic table. name of the element. A. Element 1. Definition a substance made of one kind of atom

CHEMISTRY NOTES. Elements and the periodic table. name of the element. A. Element 1. Definition a substance made of one kind of atom CHEMISTRY NOTES Elements and the periodic table A. Element 1. Definition a substance made of one kind of atom a. Atom smallest particle of an element Nucleus Protons = Positive charge Neutrons = No charge

More information

SNC1P - Chemistry Test Review

SNC1P - Chemistry Test Review SNC1P - Chemistry Test Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is an example of a physical property? a. solubility

More information

Physical Science Lecture Notes Chapters 17, 18 & 19

Physical Science Lecture Notes Chapters 17, 18 & 19 Physical Science Lecture Notes Chapters 17, 18 & 19 I. 17-1: Matter & Its Changes a. Changes in matter i. Physical Changes Alters form or appearance but doesn t change it into another substance ie. Water

More information

Matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.

Matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Matter Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. States of Matter Matter exists in three states: O Solid O Examples: rock, wood, chalk O Liquid O Examples: water, milk O Gas O Examples: oxygen,

More information

Chapter 2: Properties of Matter Student Outline 2.1 Classifying Matter A. Pure Substances

Chapter 2: Properties of Matter Student Outline 2.1 Classifying Matter A. Pure Substances Name: Date: Physical Science Period: Chapter 2: Properties of Matter Student Outline GA Performance Standards SPS1. Students will investigate our current understanding of the atom. SPS2. Students will

More information

Chemistry Unit Test 1 Review

Chemistry Unit Test 1 Review Chemistry Unit Test 1 Review Name: S8P1a. Students will distinguish between atoms and molecules. 1. Which of the following particles combine to form molecules? a. Atoms b. Protons c. Electrons d. Compounds

More information

Chapter 1: Matter and Energy 1-1. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Chapter 1: Matter and Energy 1-1. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 1: Matter and Energy Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1-1 1.1 Matter and Its Classification Matter is anything that occupies space and

More information

UNIT 2 Matter and chemical change REVIEW

UNIT 2 Matter and chemical change REVIEW Topic 1: Exploring Matter UNIT 2 Matter and chemical change REVIEW WHMIS means: Workplace hazardous materials information system Name these symbols Dangerousy poisonous - corrosive oxidizing reactive immediate

More information

Classification of Matter. Elements, Compounds, Mixtures

Classification of Matter. Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Classification of Matter Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Introducing Little Miss Element Hi! I am Little Miss Element I am PURE SUBSTANCE I cannot be broken down into any simpler substance by means of a

More information

Chemistry Unit Test 2 Review 8HPS

Chemistry Unit Test 2 Review 8HPS Chemistry Unit Test 2 Review 8HPS 2015-2016 Name: S8P1a. Students will distinguish between atoms and molecules. 1. Molecules are a combination of a. Mixtures b. Neutrons c. Atoms d. Compounds 2. The picture

More information

Matter: Properties & Change

Matter: Properties & Change Matter: Properties & Change Essential Vocabulary 6.P.2.1 Recognize that all matter is made up of atoms and atoms of the same element are all alike, but are different from the atoms of other elements. 6.P.2.2

More information

The Particulate Nature of Matter

The Particulate Nature of Matter Matter Objectives Learn about the composition of matter. Learn the difference between elements and compounds. Learn to distinguish between physical and chemical properties and changes. Learn to distinguish

More information

Chemistry Chapter 1 Test Review

Chemistry Chapter 1 Test Review Chemistry Chapter 1 Test Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Put the LETTER of the correct answer in the blank. 1. Inorganic chemistry

More information

Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Central Science. CHEM 101 Dr. Geoff Sametz Fall 2009

Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Central Science. CHEM 101 Dr. Geoff Sametz Fall 2009 Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Central Science CHEM 101 Dr. Geoff Sametz Fall 2009 What IS Chemistry? Text: The study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes Focus: how matter interacts at the atomic/molecular

More information

TEST NAME: Chemistry TEST ID: GRADE:08 SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom

TEST NAME: Chemistry TEST ID: GRADE:08 SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom TEST NAME: Chemistry TEST ID: 199257 GRADE:08 SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom Chemistry Page 1 of 9 Student: Class: Date: 1. How can mixtures best be described? A. made of

More information

Unit 3. Matter and Change

Unit 3. Matter and Change Unit 3 Matter and Change 1 Matter Matter is anything that: a) has mass, and b) takes up space Mass = a measure of the amount of stuff (or material) the object contains (don t confuse this with weight,

More information