Jyothi Samayamantula. International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 1

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1 Jyothi Samayamantula International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 1

2 What is a TAC & how it works? 4.5 TAC 5.5 TAC International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 2

3 Why use a TAC Production gains and losses Tubing parting International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 3

4 Application and Installation Selection of Well heads 1. Screw type 2. Slip type International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 4

5 Application and Installation Casing and Tubing size and type Shear value Above and below the perforations Above and below the pump Slip types Running and setting Normal and emergency release International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 5

6 Tubing Stretch Factors that alter the tubing string length: Piston effect due to buoyance Piston effect due to plugging Ballooning effect Temperature effect International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 6

7 Piston effect due to buoyance (F PB ): Tubing under compression due to the fluid pressure acting on the bottom face of the freely hanging tubing. International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 7

8 Piston effect due to buoyance (F PB ): Force (F PB ) with a pressure p acting underneath the tubing. F PB = pa cs p fluid head = ρtvd ρ = s.g International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 8

9 Piston effect on the tubing string due to plugging (F PP ): The fluid load results in an axial force (F PP ) on the tubing when the bottom of the tubing is plugged. F pp = p plug A i p plug = p above p below p above and p below should be considered at the operating fluid levels International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 9

Ballooning effect (F B ) Radial forces on the tubing string causes the tubing to change it s length longitudinally F B = 2υ (A i p i A o p o ) A i = internal area of the tubing A o = external area of

10 Ballooning effect (F B ) Radial forces on the tubing string causes the tubing to change it s length longitudinally F B = 2υ (A i p i A o p o ) A i = internal area of the tubing A o = external area of the tubing p i = internal pressure difference above and below the plug p o = external pressure difference above and below the plug radial strain υ = Poisson s ratio, defined as axial strain (approximately 0.3 for most of the steels used in oil field) International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 10

average change in temperature from the base case to the load case ( F) L

11 Temperature effect (F T ) Considering steady state flow. L T = C T L T C T = coefficient of thermal expansion ( F -1 ) T = is the average change in temperature from the base case to the load case ( F) L = length of the tubing (same units as L T ) International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 11

Temperature effect (F T ) Coefficient of thermal expansion is itself a temperature dependent property. For Carbon steels it is around 5.5 x 10-6 F -1-7.

12 Temperature effect (F T ) Coefficient of thermal expansion is itself a temperature dependent property. For Carbon steels it is around 5.5 x 10-6 F x 10-6 F -1. F T = C T E T (A o - A i ) E= Young s modulus (30 x 10 6 psi for the for most of the steels used in oil field) International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 12

13 Total minimum initial force(f I ) Total minimum initial load (F I ) = F pp + F T F B F PB International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 13

14 Comparative study Example 1: Tubing size: 2-3/8 OD Depth of pump & anchor: 6,000 Fluid level at the time anchor is set (from surface): 5,000 Operating fluid level (from surface): 6,000 Fluid temperature at surface: 90 F Mean yearly temperature for area: 60 F Tubing string weight: 28,200 lbs. Rod string weight: 11,500 lbs. Pump plunger size: 1-1/2 Weight of fluid in tubing: 9,000 lbs. (est.) Density (corresponding to a fluid of specific gravity 1.154): 0.5 psi/ft. International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 14

15 Comparative study Example 1: Baker Weatherford Lubinsky F I F I 11,220 lb. 11,200 lb. 11,300 lb. 12,642 lb. L in. International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 15

16 Comparative study Example 2: Tubing size: 2-7/8 OD Depth of pump: 6,000 Anchor depth: 6,500 Fluid level at the time anchor is set: 4,000 Working fluid level: 5,000 Fluid temperature at surface: 100 F Mean yearly temperature for area: 60 F Density (corresponding to a fluid of specific gravity 1.154): 0.5 psi/ft. International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 16

17 Comparative study Example 2: Baker Weatherford Lubinsky F I F I 15,860 lb. 16,400 lb. 16,000 lb. 18,021 lb. L in in in in. International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 17

18 Lubinski Graph International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 18

19 Thank you Questions? International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 19

20 Disclaimer The Artificial Lift Research and Development Council and its officers and trustees, and the Sucker Rod Pumping Workshop Steering Committee members, and their supporting organizations and companies (here-in-after referred to as the Sponsoring Organizations), and the author(s) of this Technical Presentation or Continuing Education Training Course and their company(ies), provide this presentation and/or training material at the Sucker Rod Pumping Workshop "as is" without any warranty of any kind, express or implied, as to the accuracy of the information or the products or services referred to by any presenter (in so far as such warranties may be excluded under any relevant law) and these members and their companies will not be liable for unlawful actions and any losses or damage that may result from use of any presentation as a consequence of any inaccuracies in, or any omission from, the information which therein may be contained. The views, opinions, and conclusions expressed in these presentations and/or training materials are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Sponsoring Organizations. The author is solely responsible for the content of the materials. The Sponsoring Organizations cannot and do not warrant the accuracy of these documents beyond the source documents, although we do make every attempt to work from authoritative sources. The Sponsoring Organizations provide these presentations and/or training materials as a service. The Sponsoring Organizations make no representations or warranties, express or implied, with respect to the presentations and/or training materials, or any part thereof, including any warrantees of title, non-infringement of copyright or patent rights of others, merchantability, or fitness or suitability for any purpose. International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 20

21 Copyright Rights to the courses and presentations given at this Workshop are owned by the company(ies) and/or author(s) listed on the title page. By submitting this information to the Sucker Rod Pumping Workshop, they grant to the Workshop, the Artificial Lift Research and Development Council (ALRDC), and the Southwestern Petroleum Short Course (SWPSC), rights to: Display the information at the Workshop. Place presentations on the web site, with access to the site to be as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee. Place presentations on a CD for distribution and/or sale as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee. Other use of this material is prohibited without the expressed written permission of the author(s). The owner company(ies) and/or author(s) may publish this material in other journals or magazines if they refer to the Sucker Rod Pumping Workshop where it was first presented. International SRP workshop 2013, OKC Don-Nan 21

Surface Modeling Vs Downhole Modeling

Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Sheraton Hotel, February 23-26, 2009 Surface Modeling Vs Downhole Modeling Jose M Macias, Technical Manager Gas Treatment, Champion Technologies Overview Modeling in Prediction