Copyright Page. If you do not wish to be bound by the above, you may return this book to the publisher for a full refund.

Transcription

1

2 Title: Fundamentals of Copyright Page Author: Patrick M Matherne Published by: Patrick M Matherne All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the author, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. Copyright 2014 by Patrick M Matherne: First Edition, 2014 Disclaimer Although the author and publisher have made every effort to ensure that the information in this book was correct at press time, the author and publisher do not assume and hereby disclaim any liability to any party for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by errors or omissions, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident, or any other cause The purpose of this book is to educate and entertain. The author shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information contained in this book If you do not wish to be bound by the above, you may return this book to the publisher for a full refund. This book is presented solely for educational and entertainment purposes. The author and publisher are not offering it as legal, engineering, or other professional services advice. While best efforts have been used in preparing this book, the author and publisher make no representations or warranties of any kind and assume no liabilities of any kind with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness of use for a particular purpose. Neither the author nor the publisher shall be held liable or responsible to any person or entity with respect to any loss or incidental or consequential damages caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information or programs contained herein. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. Every company is different and the advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should seek the services of a competent professional before beginning any improvement program. The story and its characters and entities are fictional. Any likeness to actual persons, either living or dead, is strictly coincidental. Copyright Page 2

3 Table of Contents Copyright Page... 2 How to use this book... 4 Questions... 5 Answer Key Solutions Copyright Page 3

4 How to use this book This book is a sampling of the questions you are likely to face when taking the Fundamentals of Engineering exam. This particular book focuses mainly on thermodynamics, fluids, and chemistry. To simulate the real conditions you should try and solve each question in two minutes or less. It is ok if you go over two minutes since there are some questions you will be able to answer in about 5 seconds. How to use this book 4

5 Questions This test is designed to be solved in 80 minutes or roughly 2 minutes per problem Problem #1 Which of the following are not intensive properties? I. Pressure II. Velocity III. Volume IV. Density V. Kinetic Energy A) I, II & III B) IV & V C) I, II & IV D) III & V Problem #2 Using the Gibbs Phase Rule, how many intensive properties are required to fix a mixture of water and ammonia that is in a liquid state? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 Problem #3 How much heat is dissipated when a current of 15 amps passes through a 4 ohm resistor? A) 3,075 btuh B) 900 btuh C) 2,700 btuh D) 9,300 btuh Questions 5

6 Problem #4 What is the gauge pressure of at a point that is 15 meters below the surface of water that has an atmospheric pressure of 14.7 PSIA? A) 147,150 pa B) 150,000 pa C) 147,250 pa D) 147,000 pa Problem #5 A spaceship leaves the space station with an acceleration of 15 ft/s². After 3 minutes the engines turn off and the acceleration is 0 ft/s². What is the average velocity of the spaceship? A) 81,100 ft/s B) 1,350 ft/s C) 243,000 ft/s D) 2,700 ft/s Problem #6 Which of the following cannot be equal to 1 mol of the substance at standard conditions? A) 20 grams of water B) Molecules of Uranium C) 28 grams of D) 22.4 liters on Argon Problem #7 How much torque can be applied to a 6 inch outer diameter pipe that has a wall thickness of 0.25 inches when the maximum shear stress is 20,000 psi? A) 12,400 in lbs B) 23,400 in lbs C) 37,400 in lbs D) 30,000 in lbs Questions 6

7 Problem #8 Your credit card has a nominal interest rate of 18%. If the interest is calculated monthly, what is the effective annual rate? A) 19.0% B) 18.5% C) 19.6% D) 20.1% Problem #9 Find the slope of the line defined by: A) B) C) D) Problem #10 An 18 wheeler has a mass of 28,000 kilograms when fully loaded. The truck goes from 0 to 90 kilometers per hour in 120 seconds. What is the force on the 18 wheeler due to acceleration? A) 1.08 kn B) kn C) kn D) 5.83 kn Problem #11 Which of the following statement is FALSE when concerning the hot working of metal? A) Produce a fine grained product B) Removes strain hardening C) Decreases the density of the metal D) Combines of annealing and cold working Questions 7

8 Problem #12 What is the elongation of a 2 meter aluminum bar when it has been stressed to 512 MPa? (E = 69 GPa)? A) 1.5 cm B) 2.0 cm C) 1.0 cm D) 1.7 cm Problem #13 Which of the following is FALSE with regards to creep? I. May involve the sliding of whole grains II At high stresses creep is controlled by the movement of vacancies. III Also known as hot flow IV Creep is a time dependent deformation A) I B) II C) III D) IV Problem #14 What is the oxidation state of Carbon in Carbonate ( ) A) -2 B) 4 C) 1 D) 2 Questions 8

9 Problem #15 A piston inside a cylinder undergoes an isentropic compression with the following values. If the specific heat ratio (k) is 1.4, what is the compressed volume? A) 61.2 cm³ B) 30.5 cm³ C) 90.4 cm³ D) 257 cm³ Problem #16 What is the standard equation for calculating the future worth (F) when given the annual rate of return (I) and the present rate (P)? A) B) C) D) Problem #17 A tube that is 10 feet long and 2 feet in diameter is placed in an air stream. The flow of the air is at a speed of 15 ft/s and is perpendicular to the long axis of the tube. If the coefficient of drag is 1.2 and the density of air is lbm/ft³. What is the drag on the cylinder? A) 1500 lbf B) 2000 lbf C) 3200 lbf D) 2200 lbf Questions 9

10 Problem #18 If a process is considered to be internally reversible and adiabatic, what can the change in entropy be assumed to be? A) Entropy becomes Infinite B) Entropy increases C) Entropy decreases D) Entropy does not change Problem #19 What is the hydraulic diameter of a 20 inch diameter pipe that is half full? A) 10 inches B) 15 inches C) 20 inches D) 5 inches Problem #20 You are tasked with identifying where the stress concentrations may appear on a support beam. Of the following locations which will not have a stress concentration I. Near where the concentrated loads are II. Close to discontinuities of the beam III Where distributed loads occur. A) II & III B) II C) I & II D) I Problem #21 What is happening to a substance when it is oxidized? A) The substance is gaining electrons B) The substance is losing electrons C) The substance is giving off heat D) The substance is absorbing heat Questions 10

11 Problem #22 A 500 kilogram shipping container is raised from 300 meters. If the cable weight 5 kilograms per meter of length, what is the approximate work done? A) 5,886 kn B) 2,210 kn C) 1,472 kn D) 3,680 kn Problem #23 What are the basic processes for an ideal, reversible Carnot cycle A) Four isentropic B) One isentropic, isobaric, isochoric and isenthalpic C) Two isothermal and two isentropic D) Two adiabatic and two isobaric Problem #24 Simplify the following expression (9+3i)(6+8i) A) i B) i C) 24i²+ 90i + 54 D) i Problem #25 What is the percentage of CH₄ on a mass basis if the volumetric analysis of the mixture is as follows? A) 68.7% B) 5.6% C) 12.2% D) 13.6% Questions 11

12 Problem #26 What is the largest load a 12 inch by 6 inch column can support if the normal stress cannot exceed 65,000 PSI? A) 130,000 lbs B) 4,680,000 lbs C) 32,500 lbs D) 2,340,000 lbs Problem #27 A 50 m³ vessel contains a mixture of 80% water and 10 m³ of water vapor. If the internal pressure of the vessel reads 100 kpa, what is the internal energy of the system? A) 4,060,000 kj B) 4,000,000 kj C) 60,000 kj D) 3,940,000 kj Problem #28 A flange weighing 200 lbs is resting on a table. If the diameter of the flange is 10 inches, what pressure does the flange exert on the table? A) 17.7 kpa B) 17.7 Pa C) 2.56 kpa D) 2.56 Pa Problem #29 How many kilowatts are required to heat a flowing liquid that has a mass flow rate of 120 lbm/min with an entering enthalpy of 50 BTU/lbm and a leaving enthalpy is measured to be 10 BTU/oz? A) kw B) kw C) 6,077 kw D) 13,930 kw Questions 12

13 Problem #30 You observe a 12 inch diameter by 0.5 in thick cylinder rolling along a horizontal surface. How many degrees of freedom does the cylinder have? A) One B) Two C) Three D) Four Problem #31 What the standard units used when using the Reynolds Number? A) ft/s² B) Centipoise C) kg/s D) None Problem #32 What is the thermal efficiency for a Carnot engine that operates between 100ºF and 400ºK? A) 75% B) 77.5% C) 7.8% D) 22.3% Problem #33 What is the natural frequency of a body that has a period of oscillation of 2.7 seconds? A) 2.7 s B) 0.75 s C) 2.33 s D) 4.65 s Problem #34 What cycle is the most efficient? A) Carnot B) Brayton C) Diesel D) Otto Questions 13

14 Problem #35 An iron sphere with a mass of 1.5 kg hangs from a 15 cm long spring. If the spring constant is 0.75 N/m what is the period of oscillation when the sphere is pulled down and released? A) 3.2 s B) 12.5 s C) 4.4 s D) 8.9 s Problem #36 A plane intercepts the coordinate axis at (4,6,10). What are the Miller indices for this plane? A) (2,3,5) B) (15,10,6) C) (-4,-6,-10) D) (10,6,4) Problem #37 A copper ball that is 1.5 m in diameter has a temperature of 100ºC. The environment is at 0ºC. If the emissivity of copper is 0.15 how much power is radiated by the copper ball? A) 6 w B) 5,264 W C) 500 W D) 1,164 W Problem #38 What would the annuity be over a 20 year period that has an interest rate of 10% and a present worth of $500? A) $58.75 B) $42.55 C) $8.51 D) $ Questions 14

15 Problem #39 A group of dog pulls a sled across a snow covered surface. It takes 35 hours to pull the 200 kg sled 100 kilometers. If the static friction is 0.4 and the dynamic friction is 0.1 what is the average power exerted by the dog sled team? A) 1,067 W B) 5,333 W C) 3,84 kw D) W Problem #40 Reactions on average will proceed faster at a higher temperature because of which of the following? A) There is less energy in the molecules B) Molecules collide more frequently C) The amount of exergy is diminished D) The energy to start the reaction is higher Questions 15

16 Answer Key 1 D 21 B 2 C 22 D 3 A 23 C 4 A 24 A 5 B 25 C 6 A 26 V 7 B 27 A 8 C 28 A 9 D 29 C 10 D 30 C 11 D 31 D 12 A 32 D 13 C 33 C 14 B 34 A 15 A 35 B 16 B 36 B 17 D 37 D 18 D 38 A 19 A 39 A 20 D 40 B Answer Key 16

17 Solutions Solution #1 An intensive property does not depend on the mass of the material. Pressure, velocity, & density are extensive properties. Volume and kinetic energy are dependent on the mass of the system. ) Choice D is correct Solution #2 Gibbs Phase Rule is: Factors = 2 + Number of Compounds - Number of Phases. F = = 3 Choice C is correct Solution #3 Choice A is correct Solution #4 Since 14.7 psia is normal atmospheric pressure nothing special needs to be done or added to the basic equation ( ) ( ) Choice A is correct Solutions 17

18 Solution #5 ( ) ( ) Choice B is correct Solution #6 The molecular mass of water ( ) is so the grams per mol would be Choice A is correct Solution #7 Choice B is correct Solutions 18

19 Solution #8 ( ) ( ) Choice C is correct Solution #9 To find the slope of a line you need to take the derivative. Choice D is correct Solution #10 ( )( ) ( ) Choice D is correct Solution #11 The density of the metal is increased from hot work. Correct choice is C. Solutions 19

20 Solution #12 Choice A is correct Solution #13 Creep is also known as Cold Flow, not hot flow. Choice C is correct Solution #14 The oxidation state of Oxygen (O) is -2. Let x = the oxidation state of Carbon (C) The oxidation state of Carbon (C) is 4 Choice B is correct 3(-2) + x = -2 x = 4 Solution #15 ( ) Choice A is correct Solution #16 The correct form of the equation is: Choice B is correct Solutions 20

21 Solution #17 ( ) ( ) Choice D is correct Solution #18 For a process to be adiabatic and reversible the net entropy must be 0 Choice D is correct Solution #19 ( ) Choice D is correct Solution #20 You will not find a stress concentration with a distributed load. Choice D is correct Solution #21 The substance is losing electrons B is the correct choice Solutions 21

22 Solution #22 The cable needs to be changed into a point load with the mass at the midpoint of 150 meter. ( ) ( ) ( ) Choice D is correct Solution #23 The Carnot cycles is defined by two isentropic and two isothermal processes. Choice C is correct Solution #24 Choice A is correct Solutions 22

23 Solution #25 Find the molecular weights of each compound Compound Molecular Weight Percentage of Choice C is correct Solution #26 ( ) Choice B is correct Solutions 23

24 Solution #27 From the steam tables ( )( ) ( ) ( ) Choice A is correct Solution #28 Convert psi to pascals Choice A is correct ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Solutions 24

25 Solution #29 First the units need to be consistent ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Choice B is correct ( ) ( ) Solution #30 The cylinder can either continue rolling or fall over to one side so there are two degrees of freedom Choice B is correct Solution #31 The Reynolds number is dimensionless Choice D is correct Solution #32 ( ) Thermal efficiency = 22.25% Choice D is correct Solution #33 Choice C is correct Solutions 25

26 Solution #34 The Carnot cycle is the most efficient since it is completely reversible Choice A is correct Solution #35 Choice B is correct Solution #36 To find the Miller indices you must take the reciprocal of each intercept. Then convert to whole numbers Original Coordinates: (4,6,10) Reciprocal Coordinates ( ) Convert to whole numbers by multiplying by 60 to remove the denominator (15,10,6) Choice B is correct Solution #37 ( ) Choice D is correct ( ) ( ) Solution #38 A = P(A/P,i,n) A = (500)(A/P,10%,20) A = (500)(0.1175) = Choice A is correct Solutions 26

27 Solution #39 ( ( ) ( ) )( ) Choice A is correct Solution #40 The molecules are traveling faster with a higher temperature which increases the chance of collision. Choice B is correct Solutions 27