1 Didax, Inc. Alternate exterior angles The exterior angles on opposite sides of a

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1 lternate exterior angles The exterior angles on opposite sides of a transversal that cuts parallel lines and 2 are alternate exterior angles. 3 and 4 are alternate exterior angles. lternate interior angles The interior angles on opposite sides of a 1 transversal that cuts parallel lines and 2 are alternate interior angles. 3 and 4 are alternate interior angles. nnulus The plane region between two concentric circles. nnulus 1. Part of a circle that can be drawn without lifting a pencil. 2. connection between two vertices in a network. rc 1 Didax, Inc.

2 Capacity The amount a container can hold. The capacity of the bottle is one liter. Cardinal number The number of objects in a set. The answer to the question How many? ase (of a cone) Carroll The circular diagram face. grid-like structure for categorizing results. For the set {a, b, c, d} the cardinal number is 4. Colored blocks sorted into a 2 x 2 Carroll diagram. Square lue base Not blue Not square Cartesian coordinates See Coordinates. Cartesian product ( x ) ll possible matchings of the members of one set with the members of another set, illustrating multiplication. For sets = {a, b, c} and = {1, 2} the Cartesian product is the apex set {(a, 1), (a, 2), (b, 1), (b, 2,) (c, 1), (c, 1)}. Celsius (C) The basic metric unit for temperature measurement. The freezing point of ases (of a prism or cylinder) base water is 0 degrees and the boiling point is 100 degrees. [Named The faces that are congruent and parallel. base after its 18th century inventor, nders Celsius. See p. 120.] base Cent ( ) currency or money unit of one-hundredth of a dollar. Centi basic metric pre x for centimeter (cm), centiliter (cl), and centigram (cg). Commonly used units are 1 of a whole unit. 100 base Centimeter (cm) unit of length in the metric system which is of a meter Center (of a circle) The point in the interior of a circle that is the same distance from all the points on the circle cm Center 8 Visual Math Dictionary Didax Educational Resources VisualMathDictionary.indb 8 List of Mathematical Terms 9/21/07 3:07:04 PM Center (of a sphere) The point in the interior of a sphere that is the same distance from all points on the sphere. Center Century Usually referring to 100 years. Center (of rotation) The point about which a gure is turned when the gure undergoes a rotation. This is the 21st century.d. Center of rotation 2 Didax, Inc. In tossing a dime, the event n event that will happen for sure. n event heads or tails is certain. Certain (event)

3 Chord line segment joining two points of a circle [see p. 106]. Line segment is a chord. Diameter is a chord. C D Circle The set of all points in a plane that are the same distance from a xed point, called the center. One of the conic sections. radius diameter center Circle graph (Pie chart, Pie graph) graph that represents data as parts of a circle. The entire circle represents all of the data. Circumference The distance around a circle. The perimeter of a circle [see p. 106]. circumference r d C = d = 2 r Class boundary The border between two class intervals. The boundary between the intervals and is Didax, Inc.

4 Commutative property of addition When adding two numbers, the order does not affect the sum [see p. 72]. Commutative property of of addition multiplication When adding multiplying two two numbers, numbers, the the order order does not does affect not affect the sum the [see product p. 72]. [see p. 72]. Compass Commutative property of multiplication 1. n instrument used for drawing circles. Compass When multiplying two numbers, the order 2. n instrument for nding directions. It has does 1. n not instrument affect the used product for drawing [see p. circles. 72]. a magnetized needle that always points 2. n instrument for nding directions. It has Compass to the north. a magnetized needle that always points 1. n to the instrument north. used for drawing circles. Compatible 2. n instrument numbers for nding directions. It has Numbers Compatible a magnetized that make numbers needle a calculation that always easier. points Numbers to the north. that make a calculation easier. Compatible Complementary numbers angles Numbers Two angles that whose make measures a calculation have easier. a sum of Complementary angles 90 [see p. 98]. Two angles whose measures have a sum of 90 [see p. 98]. Complementary angles Two angles whose measures have a sum of 90 [see p. 98]. Complementary events Events that have no outcomes in common Complementary events and that together contain all the outcomes of Events that have no outcomes in common the experiment. and that together contain all the outcomes of Complementary the experiment. events Composite Events that number have no outcomes in common and whole that number together greater contain than all the 1 that outcomes has of Composite the number factors experiment. other than 1 and itself. whole number greater than 1 that has factors other than 1 and itself. Composite Concave number Concave whole shape number is concave greater if there than is at 1 that least has one line factors segment shape other connecting is concave than 1 and two if there itself. interior points which is at least one line passes through the exterior of the gure. segment connecting two interior points which Concave Concentric passes through the exterior of the gure. shape is concave circles if there is at least one line Concentric segment Circles having connecting the same circles two center. interior points which passes Circles through having the same exterior center. of the gure. Concentric circles Circles having the same center. List of Mathematical Terms = 3 + 7; a + b = b + a x 3 2 = x 7; 5; a + x b = b + x a 5 x 2 = 2 x 5; a x b = b x a In adding , 8 and 2 are compatible numbers, In since adding their 8 sum is 10; 5 + likewise, 2 + 4, 8 6 and and 2 4 are are compatible compatible numbers, numbers. since their sum is 10; likewise, 6 In and adding 4 are D8 compatible numbers. 4, 8 and 2 are compatible numbers, 60 F since their D sum is 10; likewise, 6 and 4 are Ecompatible FGnumbers. E = 90 D G DEF and FEG are = 90 F complementary 60 angles. DEF and FEG are complementary E 30 G angles. In rolling 30 a number + 60 = cube, 90 the events getting an even In rolling DEF a number and FEG cube, are number and getting an odd the complementary events getting angles. number are complementary even number events. and getting an odd In number rolling a are number complementary cube, the events. events getting an even 6 is a composite number number and getting an odd since its factors are 1, 2, 3 number 6 is a composite are complementary and 6. number events. since its factors are 1, 2, 3 and 6. oth 6 is a composite number shapes since its are factors are 1, 2, 3 oth concave. and 6. shapes are concave. oth shapes are concave. Didax Educational Resources Visual Math Dictionary 11 List of Mathematical Terms VisualMathDictionary.indb Didax Educational 11 Resources Visual Math Dictionary 9/21/ :07:04 PM VisualMathDictionary.indb 11 VisualMathDictionary.indb 11 Cone solid that has one circular base, a vertex (apex) that is not in the same plane as the base, and a curved surface connecting the two. 9/21/07 3:07:04 PM 9/21/07 3:07:04 PM Congruent angles ( ) ngles that have the same measure C E C DEF m C = m DEF D F Congruent gures These two triangles Figures having the same size and shape. are congruent. 4 Didax, Inc. Conic sections The conic

5 Congruent angles ( ) ngles that have the same measure C E C DEF m C = m DEF D F Conic sections The plane gures that result when a cone is cut by a plane: circle, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola. The conic section shown here is a circle. The conic section shown here is an ellipse. ellipse circle Curve path that can be drawn in a plane without lifting a pencil. Cylinder solid formed by two congruent circular bases that lie in parallel planes, joined by a curved surface. 5 Didax, Inc.

6 Degree ( o ) 1. unit of measure of an angle. complete rotation about a circle has a measure of is of a circle. 2. unit of measure of temperature. 40 List of Mathematical Terms Geometric sequence (progression) sequence of numbers where each successive term is obtained from its Diameter (of a circle) predecessor by multiplying by a xed number, chord that passes through the center of a called the (common) ratio. circle [see p. 106]. Golden ratio The classical geometric ratio, used in art and architecture Ellipse closed curve that results when a cone is cut by a plane. One of the conic sections. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 1 3, 1 9, 27, 1 18, 1 The 5, diameter 1, 1 5, 25, 1 1 is. 125, Geometry The study of space and the shapes within it. [From the Greek geo for earth and metron for measure. The word means earth measure. ] Glide-re ection transformation composed of a translation (glide) and a line re ection. Googol The number or 1, followed by 100 zeros. Gram (g) The basic unit of mass in common usage in the metric system (SI). The mass of a paperclip is about 1 g. Graph On a number line or coordinate plane, the set of points that represent the solution of an equation, inquality, or function. Great circle The intersection of a sphere with a plane through the center of the sphere. Greater than (>) Relationship between two numbers or expressions showing which is greater (larger). 25 > 16, 1 2 > 1 4, 0.16 > 0.003, 3y + 17 > 6y Greatest common factor (GCF or gcf) The GCF of 18, 27 and 45 is 9 The greatest (largest) of the common factors of since 9 is the greatest number two or more nonzero whole numbers (integers). that is a factor of all three. 6 Didax, Inc.

7 Hemisphere Half a sphere. Major arc The longer of two arcs connecting two points on a circle. minor arc major arc Minor arc The shorter of two arcs connecting two points on a circle. minor arc major arc Pi ( ) The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. n irrational number that has a value of approximately Didax, Inc.

8 Protractor n instrument for measuring angles. Quadrant 1. One of the four regions of the coordinate plane determined by the axes. 2. quarter of a circular region. List of Mathematical Terms 2nd quadrant 3rd quadrant y 1st quadrant 4th quadrant x Quartile Point in a data set below which 25%, 50%, or 75% of the data lie. The quartiles are Q 1 ( rst quartile or lower quartile), Q 2 (second quartile or median), and Q 3 (third quartile or upper quartile). Quotient Radian The result of a division. [From the Latin quotiens The size of meaning an angle how at the many center times. ] of a circle formed by two radii and an arc that is the length of Rthe radius. Radian The size of an angle at the center of a circle formed by two radii and an arc that is the length of the radius. Radical symbol used to denote the positive square n root of a number. The symbol ( ) denotes the nth root of a number. Radius (of a circle) line segment from the center of a circle to any point on the circle. In terms of percentiles, Q 1 = P 25, Q 2 = P 50 and Q 3 = P 75. When 24 is divided by 8, the quotient is 3. 57º 4 1 radian 57º 57º 9 = 3, the positive square root of 9 is 3 8 = 2, the cube root of 8 is 2 81 = 3 3 radius 1 radian 57º Random sample sample chosen from a population in such a way that all members have an equal chance of being selected. Range The range of the data set 15, In statistics, the difference between the 23, 37, 42, 58, 76 is greatest and least values in a set of data = Didax, Inc. Range (of a function) Input

9 Re ex angle n angle with measure greater than 180º and less than 360º. 240 If an angle has a measure of 120º, then the re ex angle has a measure of 240º. Sector Portion of a circular region bounded by two radii and an arc [see p. 107]. This figure shows two sectors. Semicircle Half a circle; any diameter divides a circle into two semicircles. semicircle diameter Sphere surface formed by all the points in space that are the same distance from a fixed point, called the center. a tennis ball is a model of a sphere the Earth is almost spherical 9 Didax, Inc.

10 Supplementary angles Two angles whose measures have a sum of 180. Two right angles. C D C and DC are supplementary. 10 Didax, Inc.